Non-EPI Vaccine Hesitancy among Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Wang J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8310190 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to threaten human health, and health professionals, including nursing students, usually work in healthcare frontiers with a high risk of infection. Vaccination is currently one of the most effective preventive measures. This study aimed to explore the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in nursing students.MethodsIn November 2022, a sample of undergraduate nursing students was recruited from several medical schools in Anhui Province, China, and an online cross-sectional survey was conducted using the questionnaire star platform (Wenjuanxin). A Chi-square test was used to explore vaccine hesitancy among nursing students with different social demographic characteristics and vaccine attitudes. Binary logistic regression analysis was then used to determine the influence factors of vaccine hesitancy among nursing students.ResultsA total of 1,090 valid samples were collected in this study. Of these, 27.06% (295) of nursing students reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The results showed "the need to go out of town recently" (OR = 0.670), "very confident that the outbreak could be controlled sustainably" (OR = 0.393), "feeling at risk of infection" (OR = 0.658), "not being worried/being generally worried about the vaccine's safety" (OR = 0.226 and OR = 0.686, respectively), and "not being worried about the vaccine's effectiveness" (OR = 0.411). These five factors are protective factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in nursing students. The factors "considering the country completely safe from an outbreak" (OR = 3.436), "considering themselves safe because others are vaccinated" (OR = 2.239), and "Agreeing that other protective measures can be relaxed after vaccination with the COVID-19 vaccine" (OR = 2.007) are risk factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among nursing students (P < 0.05).ConclusionOverall, relatively few nursing students had COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Schools and relevant institutions still need to actively guide them to improve their confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine, strengthen the prevention and control measures of the epidemic, and improve their awareness of the crisis to improve the vaccination rate to reduce the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in nursing students.
| S-EPMC11368718 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccines have been administered in many countries; however, a sufficient vaccine coverage rate is not guaranteed due to vaccine hesitancy. To improve the uptake rate of COVID-19 vaccine, it is essential to evaluate the rate of vaccine hesitancy and explore relevant factors in different populations. An urgent need is to measure COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among different population groups, hence a validated scale for measuring COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is necessary. The present study aims to validate the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy scale among different populations in China and to provide a scale measuring COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy with satisfactory reliability and validity.MethodsSelf-reported survey data were collected from different populations in China from January to March 2021. Based on the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines scale, 15 items were adapted to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were utilized to identify internal constructs of the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy scale among two randomly split subsets of the overall sample. Reliability was analyzed with the internal consistency, composite reliability, and the test-retest reliability, and validity was analyzed with the criterion validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity.ResultsA total of 4227 participants completed the survey, with 62.8% being medical workers, 17.8% being students, 10.3% being general population, and 9.1% being public health professionals. The exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure that explain 50.371% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that models consisting of three dimensions constructed in different populations had good or acceptable fit (CFI ranged from 0.902 to 0.929, RMSEA ranged from 0.061 to 0.069, and TLI ranged from 0.874 to 0.912). The Cronbach's α for the total scale and the three subscales was 0.756, 0.813, 0.774 and 0.705, respectively. Moreover, the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy scale had adequate test-retest reliability, criterion validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy scale is a valid and reliable scale for identifying COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among different population groups in China. Given the serious consequences of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, future studies should validate it across regions and time to better understand the application of the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy scale.
| S-EPMC9526461 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine hesitancy among parents contributes to low vaccination coverage in adolescents. To improve health care provider communication and vaccine recommendation practices with hesitant parents, it is important to understand how providers perceive parental HPV vaccine hesitancy. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to characterize perceived reasons for parental HPV vaccine hesitancy and identify factors associated with perceived parental hesitancy among providers at community-based pediatric clinics. METHODS:In 2018, providers in 23 community-based pediatric clinics in Tennessee were invited to complete a Web-based baseline survey as part of a larger quality improvement study focused on HPV vaccine uptake. These survey data were used for a cross-sectional, secondary data analysis. Scale scores ranging from 0 to 100 were calculated for provider self-efficacy (confidence in ability to recommend HPV vaccine), provider outcome expectations (expectations that recommendation will influence parents' decisions), and perceived parental HPV vaccine hesitancy. Provider confidence in HPV vaccine safety and effectiveness were categorized as high versus low. Clinic-level exposures examined were clinic size and rural-urban location. Descriptive analyses were used to characterize perceived parental barriers by provider type. Mixed-effects linear regression models were fit taking one exposure variable at a time, whereas controlling for provider type, age, gender, and race to identify provider- and clinic-level factors associated with perceived parental barriers to HPV vaccination. RESULTS:Of the 187 providers located in the 23 clinics, 137 completed the survey. The majority of physician providers were white and female, with a higher percentage of females among nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs). The most common parental barriers to HPV vaccination perceived by providers were concerns about HPV vaccine safety (88%), child being too young (78%), low risk of HPV infection for child through sexual activity (70%), and mistrust in vaccines (59%). In adjusted mixed models, perceived parental HPV vaccine hesitancy was significantly associated with several provider-level factors: self-efficacy (P=.001), outcome expectations (P<.001), and confidence in HPV vaccine safety (P=.009). No significant associations were observed between perceived parental HPV vaccine hesitancy and clinic-level factors clinic size nor location. CONCLUSIONS:Researchers developing provider-focused interventions to reduce parental HPV vaccine hesitancy should consider addressing providers' self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and confidence in HPV vaccine safety to help providers communicate more effectively with HPV vaccine hesitant parents.
| S-EPMC6632100 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccination started in Romania in December 2020. Child vaccination started in 2021 with children aged 12-15 years in August. For children aged 5-11 years, vaccination started in January 2022. The aim of our study was to describe COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in Romanian children and vaccine acceptability in the general population. As parental consent is required for child vaccination in Romania, these aspects have a significant association.MethodsAn analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted in October and November 2021 during the peak of the 4th COVID-19 wave.ResultsAfter validation, 1645 participants formed the main study group: median age 35 years, 72.83% women, and 35.44% from the medical domain. In total, 1311 (79.70%) participants were vaccinated against COVID-19 and 188 (11.42%) had vaccinated their 12-18-year-old children against COVID-19. Parents' level of education, geographic area of residence, and COVID-19 vaccination status were significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccination. The hesitancy factors of child vaccination included the novelty of COVID-19 vaccines (62, 47.32%), fear of adverse reactions (32, 24.42%), and anti-vaccinism in general (29, 22.13%). In the studied group, only 188 (11.42%) participants recommended vaccination of 5-11-year-old children. Vaccine acceptability was higher in the general population (1311, 79.70%) than in the medical domain (326 out of 583, 55.91%). General vaccine hesitancy was based mainly on beliefs regarding inefficiency (131, 39.22%) and fears about the side effects of the vaccine (76, 22.75%).ConclusionsOverall, the acceptability of COVD-19 vaccines in the Romanian population was influenced by the level of education, area of residence, and being a COVID-19-vaccinated parent. Public health intervention programs are essential.
| S-EPMC9024952 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccine hesitancy reduces vaccination rates, which is detrimental to building herd immunity and halting the spread of COVID-19 and its variations. Most researches have simply identified the reasons affecting COVID-19 vaccination reluctance without delving into its dynamics, which makes forecasting future trends difficult.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the current COVID-19 vaccine booster hesitancy rate in Chinese adults as well as the dynamics of vaccine hesitancy and its influencing factors. The results of this study will have practical implications for policy responses in mainland China, and effective COVID-19 booster vaccination in specific populations.MethodsThe web-based survey was completed by creating questionnaires and using a stratified random sampling method to collect information from adults (≥18 years old) among 2556 households in 4 geographical regions of China. We collected sociodemographic information, health status, awareness of COVID-19 and its vaccine, self-perceptions, trust in medical staff and vaccine developers, and so on. The odds ratios and 95% CI for the statistical associations were estimated using logistic regression models.ResultsOverall, 6659 participants (females: n=3540, 53.2%; males: n=3119, 46.8%) responded. In total, 533 (8%; 95% CI 7.4%-8.7%) participants presented a clear hesitancy in receiving the COVID-19 booster vaccination, while 736 (11.1%; 95% CI 10.3%-11.8%) expressed hesitancy in regular booster vaccination. A higher prevalence of vaccine hesitancy in both booster vaccination and regular booster vaccination was observed among participants with a history of allergies, experiencing chronic disease, lower levels of public health prevention measures or susceptibility or benefits or self-efficiency, higher levels of severity or barriers, and lower trust in both medical staff and vaccine developers (P<.05). The females and participants with higher education levels, higher levels of barriers, lower levels of susceptibility, and lower trust in vaccine developers preferred to have attitudinal changes from acceptance to hesitancy, while people with higher education levels, lower self-report health conditions, experiencing chronic disease, history of allergies, and lower trust in medical staff and developers were all positively associated with constant COVID-19 booster hesitancy.ConclusionsThe prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine booster hesitancy is not high in mainland China. However, there is a slight increment in hesitancy on regular booster vaccination. Conducting targeted information guidance for people with higher education levels and chronic diseases, as well as improving accessibility to booster vaccination and increasing trust in medical staff and vaccine producers may be highly effective in reducing vaccine hesitancy.
| S-EPMC10395646 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This paper is an evaluation of seasonal influenza vaccination hesitancy (IVH) and its determinants among community HCWs in Chongqing, a city in southwest China.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 1030 community HCWs with direct or indirect patient contact was conducted from July to September 2021 using a self-administered electronic questionnaire. Possible factors for IVH among community HCWs were investigated by multivariable logistic regression to yield adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsOverall, 46.2% of community HCWs were vaccinated in the 2020-2021 season, while 65.8% of community HCWs had IVH. "Don't know the coverage in China" (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.01-2.11; 40-year-old group OR: 3.02, 95% CI: 1.92-4.76), "complacency" (OR: 4.55, 95% CI: 3.14-6.60) were positively related with having IVH. The community HCWs that had a history of influenza vaccination (OR: 0.67 95% CI: 0.48-0.95) and groups with confidence and convenience (OR: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.06-0.12; OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.23-0.52, respectively) were more likely to completely accept vaccination.ConclusionsMeasures such as improving the awareness and knowledge of influenza and vaccination and expanding the free vaccination policy, combined with improving the convenience of the vaccination service, will promote increased seasonal influenza vaccination-coverage in community HCWs in Chongqing.
| S-EPMC9505772 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This cross-sectional survey was designed to assess the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy and to identify factors associated among a randomly selected sample of parents. A questionnaire was self-administered from October to December 2017 to a sample of parents of children aged 2 to 6 years attending five randomly selected pre-schools in the geographic area of Naples, Italy. Out of the 727 selected parents, 437 returned the questionnaires for a response rate of 60.1%. The median of Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines Survey (PACV) score among participants was 45.8 with a total of 141 parents (34.7%) scored a value ?50 and were defined hesitant about the childhood vaccinations. Vaccine hesitancy was significantly more common among those who were concerned and among those were not sure that any one of the childhood shots might not be safe, among those who were concerned that their children might have a serious side effect from a shot, among those who were concerned that a shot might not prevent the disease, among those who delayed and refused at least a shot of vaccine for their children, and in those who are not sure and uncertain in the pediatrician. More than half of parents (53.8%) expressed a desire to receive additional information about the childhood vaccinations. Parents who were not sure and uncertain that to follow the recommended shot schedule is a good idea for their children and those who were parents of first-born children were more likely to need additional information. This study finds a high prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among parents suggesting that in the immunization program is necessary to achieve a higher quality of the relationship between pediatricians and the community.
| S-EPMC6067864 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The eligibility of COVID-19 vaccines has been expanded to children aged 12 and above in several countries including Japan, and there is a plan to further lower the age. This study aimed to assess factors related to parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. A nationwide internet-based cross-sectional study was conducted between May 25 and June 3, 2021 in Japan. The target population was parents of children aged 3-14 years who resided in Japan, and agreed to answer the online questionnaire. Parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (their intention to vaccinate their child) and related factors were analyzed using logistic regression models. Interaction effects of gender of parents and their level of social relationship satisfaction related to parental vaccine hesitancy was tested using log likelihood ratio test (LRT). Social media as the most trusted information source increased parental vaccine hesitancy compared to those who trusted official information (Adjusted Odds Ratio: aOR 2.80, 95% CI 1.53-5.12). Being a mother and low perceived risk of infection also increased parental vaccine hesitancy compared to father (aOR 2.43, 95% CI 1.57-3.74) and those with higher perceived risk of infection (aOR 1.55, 95% CI 1.04-2.32) respectively. People with lower satisfaction to social relationships tended to be more hesitant to vaccinate their child among mothers in contrast to fathers who showed constant intention to vaccinate their child regardless of the level of satisfaction to social relationship (LRT p = 0.021). Our findings suggest that dissemination of targeted information about COVID-19 vaccine by considering means of communication, gender and people who are isolated during measures of social distancing may help to increase parental vaccine acceptance.
| S-EPMC8683027 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Given the link between vaccine hesitancy and vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks, it is critical to examine the cognitive processes that contribute to the development of vaccine hesitancy, especially among parents of adolescents. We conducted a secondary analysis of baseline data from a two-phase randomized trial on human papillomavirus to investigate how vaccine hesitancy and intent to vaccinate are associated with six decision-making factors: base rate neglect, conjunction fallacy, sunk cost bias, present bias, risk aversion, and information avoidance. We recruited 1,413 adults residing in the United States with at least one daughter aged 9-17 years old through an online survey on Amazon Mechanical Turk. Vaccine hesitancy, intent to vaccinate, and susceptibility to cognitive biases was measured through a series of brief questionnaires. 1,400 participants were in the final analyzed sample. Most participants were white (74.1%), female (71.6%), married (75.3%), and had a college or graduate/professional education (88.8%). Conjunction fallacy, sunk cost bias, information avoidance, and present bias may be associated with vaccine hesitancy. Intent to vaccinate may be associated with information avoidance. These results suggest that cognitive biases play a role in developing parental vaccine hesitancy and vaccine-related behavior.
| S-EPMC7227686 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionWorldwide, hesitancy to be immunized against SARS-CoV-2 is the most common barrier to reducing COVID-19 incidence. Our study investigated determinants for hesitancy and will be helpful to community mobilizers, health professionals and policymakers.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and determinants of hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination among patients attending public hospitals in South Gondar zone, Ethiopia.MethodsA multicenter facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 November to 30 December 2021 to assess the prevalence and determinants of hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression methods were employed using SPSS 23. Significance level was examined using an odds ratio at 95% CI. Multi-collinearity and model fitness were also checked.ResultsA total of 415 participants were included in the study, with a questionnaire response rate of 100%. The prevalence of hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination was 46.02%. Age of >49 years, rural residency, fear of the adverse effects of the vaccines, myths about vaccine ineffectiveness and poor practices in COVID-19 prevention were the most common determinants of hesitancy.ConclusionsDespite increased global morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19, the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy is still high. Therefore, it is important to create awareness in highly hesitant groups.
| S-EPMC9729579 | biostudies-literature