Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

7 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Differential Contributions of MYCs to Insect Defense Reveals Flavonoids Alleviating Growth Inhibition Caused by Wounding in Arabidopsis.

ABSTRACT: In Arabidopsis, basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors (TFs) MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4 are involved in many biological processes, such as defense against insects. We found that despite functional redundancy, MYC-related mutants displayed different resistance to cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera). To screen out the most likely genes involved in defense against insects, we analyzed the correlation of gene expression with cotton bollworm resistance in wild-type (WT) and MYC-related mutants. In total, the expression of 94 genes in untreated plants and 545 genes in wounded plants were strongly correlated with insect resistance, and these genes were defined as MGAIs (MYC-related genes against insects). MYC3 had the greatest impact on the total expression of MGAIs. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that besides the biosynthesis pathway of glucosinolates (GLSs), MGAIs, which are well-known defense compounds, were also enriched in flavonoid biosynthesis. Moreover, MYC3 dominantly affected the gene expression of flavonoid biosynthesis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that AAE18, which is involved in activating auxin precursor 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid (2,4-DB) and two other auxin response genes, was highly co-expressed with flavonoid biosynthesis genes. With wounding treatment, the WT plants exhibited better growth performance than chalcone synthase (CHS), which was defective in flavonoid biosynthesis. The data demonstrated dominant contributions of MYC3 to cotton bollworm resistance and imply that flavonoids might alleviate the growth inhibition caused by wounding in Arabidopsis.

SUBMITTER: Wang DD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8313826 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Arabidopsis synchronizes jasmonate-mediated defense with insect circadian behavior.

Project description:Diverse life forms have evolved internal clocks enabling them to monitor time and thereby anticipate the daily environmental changes caused by Earth's rotation. The plant circadian clock regulates expression of about one-third of the Arabidopsis genome, yet the physiological relevance of this regulation is not fully understood. Here we show that the circadian clock, acting with hormone signals, provides selective advantage to plants through anticipation of and enhanced defense against herbivory. We found that cabbage loopers (Trichoplusia ni) display rhythmic feeding behavior that is sustained under constant conditions, and plants entrained in light/dark cycles coincident with the entrainment of the T. ni suffer only moderate tissue loss due to herbivory. In contrast, plants entrained out-of-phase relative to the insects are significantly more susceptible to attack. The in-phase entrainment advantage is lost in plants with arrhythmic clocks or deficient in jasmonate hormone; thus, both the circadian clock and jasmonates are required. Circadian jasmonate accumulation occurs in a phase pattern consistent with preparation for the onset of peak circadian insect feeding behavior, providing evidence for the underlying mechanism of clock-enhanced herbivory resistance. Furthermore, we find that salicylate, a hormone involved in biotrophic defense that often acts antagonistically to jasmonates, accumulates in opposite phase to jasmonates. Our results demonstrate that the plant circadian clock provides a strong physiological advantage by performing a critical role in Arabidopsis defense.

| S-EPMC3311395 | biostudies-literature

Insect regurgitant and wounding elicit similar defense responses in poplar leaves: not something to spit at?

Project description:How plants perceive insect attacks is an area of active research. Numerous studies have shown that regurgitant from feeding insects elicits a defense response in plants, which is often assumed to be distinct from a wound response. We have characterized the inducible defense response in hybrid poplar and found it to be qualitatively similar between wounding and application of regurgitant from forest tent caterpillar. We suggest that this is likely attributable to our wounding treatment which is much more intense compared to most other studies. These overlapping responses appear to be activated via jasmonic acid signaling, and we speculate that they are both triggered by elicitors of plant origin. Wounding would release such elicitor molecules when leaf cells are disrupted, and regurgitant may contain them in a modified or processed form. This hypothesis could explain why some other necrosis-inducing stresses also induce herbivore defense genes.

| S-EPMC2633884 | biostudies-literature

Wounding of Arabidopsis halleri leaves enhances cadmium accumulation that acts as a defense against herbivory.

Project description:Approximately 0.2% of all angiosperms are classified as metal hyperaccumulators based on their extraordinarily high leaf metal contents, for example >1% zinc, >0.1% nickel or >0.01% cadmium (Cd) in dry biomass. So far, metal hyperaccumulation has been considered to be a taxon-wide, constitutively expressed trait, the extent of which depends solely on available metal concentrations in the soil. Here we show that in the facultative metallophyte Arabidopsis halleri, both insect herbivory and mechanical wounding of leaves trigger an increase specifically in leaf Cd accumulation. Moreover, the Cd concentrations accumulated in leaves can serve as an elemental defense against herbivory by larvae of the Brassicaceae specialist small white (Pieris rapae), thus allowing the plant to take advantage of this non-essential trace element and toxin. Metal homeostasis genes are overrepresented in the systemic transcriptional response of roots to the wounding of leaves in A. halleri, supporting that leaf Cd accumulation is preceded by systemic signaling events. A similar, but quantitatively less pronounced transcriptional response was observed in A. thaliana, suggesting that the systemically regulated modulation of metal homeostasis in response to leaf wounding also occurs in non-hyperaccumulator plants. This is the first report of an environmental stimulus influencing metal hyperaccumulation.

| S-EPMC4427619 | biostudies-literature

Overexpression of poplar wounding-inducible genes in Arabidopsis caused improved resistance against Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) larvae.

Project description:Four highly inducible genes of poplar trees, PtdKTI5, PtdWIN4, PtdPOP3 from hybrid poplar (Populus trichocarpa × P. deltoides) and PtKTI2 from trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) have been individually transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana for overexpression. High transcriptional level of each transgene in transgenic Arabidopsis lines was confirmed by RT-PCR analysis. The development, body weight and survivorship of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) fed on four types of transgenic Arabidopis plants were evaluated in the laboratory. Our data indicated that these four Populus defense-related genes exhibited various degree of insectital activity on larval and postlarval development of cotton bollworm and may be utilized for herbivore resistance improvement in plant genetic engineering.

| S-EPMC3501947 | biostudies-literature

MicroR408 regulates defense response upon wounding in sweet potato.

Project description:MiRNAs play diverse roles in plant development and defense responses by binding to their mRNA targets based on sequence complementarity. Here, we investigated a wound-related miR408 and its target genes in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) by small RNA deep sequencing and transcriptome analysis. The expression patterns of miR408 and the miR408 precursor were significantly repressed by wounding and jasmonate (JA). In contrast, expression of the putative target genes IbKCS (3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 4), IbPCL (plantacyanin), and IbGAUT (galacturonosyltransferase 7-like) of miR408 was increased following wounding, whereas only IbKCS was increased after JA treatment. Target cleavage site mapping and Agrobacterium-mediated transient assay demonstrated that IbKCS, IbPCL, and IbGAUT were the targets of miR408. The expression of miR408 target genes was repressed in transgenic sweet potatoes overexpressing miR408. These data indicated a relationship between miR408 and its target genes. Notably, miR408-overexpressing plants showed a semi-dwarf phenotype and attenuated resistance to insect feeding, while transgenic plants overexpressing IbKCS exhibited more insect resistance than plants overexpressing only the empty vector. Collectively, sweet potato reduces the abundance of miR408 upon wounding to elevate the expression of IbKCS, IbPCL, and IbGAUT. The expression of IbKCS enhances the defense system against herbivore wounding.

| S-EPMC6322576 | biostudies-literature

Differential Contribution of Transcription Factors to Arabidopsis thaliana Defense Against Spodoptera littoralis.

Project description:In response to insect herbivory, Arabidopsis plants activate the synthesis of the phytohormone jasmonate-isoleucine, which binds to a complex consisting of the receptor COI1 and JAZ repressors. Upon proteasome-mediated JAZ degradation, basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors (TFs) MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4 become activated and this results in the expression of defense genes. Although the jasmonate (JA) pathway is known to be essential for the massive transcriptional reprogramming that follows herbivory, there is however little information on other TFs that are required for defense against herbivores and whether they contribute significantly to JA-dependent defense gene expression. By transcriptome profiling, we identified 41 TFs that were induced in response to herbivory by the generalist Spodoptera littoralis. Among them, nine genes, including WRKY18, WRKY40, ANAC019, ANAC055, ZAT10, ZAT12, AZF2, ERF13, and RRTF1, were found to play a significant role in resistance to S. littoralis herbivory. Compared to the triple mutant myc234 that is as sensitive as coi1-1 to herbivory, knockout lines of these nine TFs were only partially more sensitive to S. littoralis but, however, some displayed distinct gene expression changes at the whole-genome level. Data thus reveal that MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4 are master regulators of Arabidopsis resistance to a generalist herbivore and identify new genes involved in insect defense.

| S-EPMC3563046 | biostudies-literature

The Arabidopsis thaliana Transcription Factor AtMYB102 Functions in Defense Against the Insect Herbivore Pieris rapae.

Project description:In Arabidopsis thaliana the R2R3-MYB transcription factor family consists of over 100 members and is implicated in many biological processes, such as plant development, metabolism, senescence, and defense. The R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene AtMYB102 has been shown to respond to salt stress, ABA, JA, and wounding, suggesting that AtMYB102 plays a role in the response of plants to dehydration after wounding. Here, we studied the role of AtMYB102 in the response of A. thaliana to feeding by larvae of the white cabbage butterfly Pieris rapae. A. thaliana reporter lines expressing GUS under control of the AtMYB102 promoter revealed that AtMYB102 is expressed locally at the feeding sites of herbivore-damaged leaves, but not systemically in uninfested plant parts. Knockout AtMYB102 transposon-insertion mutant plants (myb102) allowed a faster development of P. rapae caterpillars than wild-type Col-0 plants. Moreover, the number of caterpillars that had developed into pupae within 14 days was significantly higher on myb102, indicating that in wild-type plants AtMYB102 contributes to basal resistance against P. rapae feeding. Microarray analysis of wild-type Col-0 and AtMYB102 overexpressing 35S::MYB102 plants revealed a large number of differentially expressed genes. Besides several defense-related genes, a relatively large number of genes is associated with cell wall modifications.

| S-EPMC2634245 | biostudies-literature

Proteomic Analysis of MeJa-Induced Defense Responses in Rice against Wounding.

Project description:The role of jasmonates in defense priming has been widely recognized. Priming is a physiological process by which a plant exposed to low doses of biotic or abiotic elicitors activates faster and/or stronger defense responses when subsequently challenged by a stress. In this work, we investigated the impact of MeJA-induced defense responses to mechanical wounding in rice (Oryza sativa). The proteome reprogramming of plants treated with MeJA, wounding or MeJA+wounding has been in-depth analyzed by using a combination of high throughput profiling techniques and bioinformatics tools. Gene Ontology analysis identified protein classes as defense/immunity proteins, hydrolases and oxidoreductases differentially enriched by the three treatments, although with different amplitude. Remarkably, proteins involved in photosynthesis or oxidative stress were significantly affected upon wounding in MeJA-primed plants. Although these identified proteins had been previously shown to play a role in defense responses, our study revealed that they are specifically associated with MeJA-priming. Additionally, we also showed that at the phenotypic level MeJA protects plants from oxidative stress and photosynthetic damage induced by wounding. Taken together, our results add novel insight into the molecular actors and physiological mechanisms orchestrated by MeJA in enhancing rice plants defenses after wounding.

| S-EPMC6567145 | biostudies-literature

Transcription profiling of Arabidopsis plants treated with monoterpene followed by wounding or insect stress

Project description:monoterpene treatment followed by wounding or insect stress compared to monoterpene treated plants.

2007-12-31 | E-MEXP-901 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Differential induction of 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase genes in Arabidopsis thaliana by wounding and pathogenic attack.

Project description:We have isolated cDNAs from two distinct genes encoding 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate (DAHP) synthase (EC 4.1.2.15) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Predicted protein sequences from both genes, DHS1 and DHS2, and a potato DAHP synthase gene are highly related, but none shows significant sequence similarity to conserved microbial DAHP synthase proteins. Despite this structural difference, the DHS1 cDNA complements mutations in a yeast strain lacking DAHP synthase activity. DHS1 RNA levels increase in Arabidopsis leaves subjected either to physical wounding or to infiltration with pathogenic Pseudomonas syringae strains. DHS2 RNA levels are not increased by these treatments, suggesting that the DHS1 and DHS2 proteins fulfill different physiological functions. Other enzymes in the Arabidopsis aromatic pathway are also encoded by duplicated genes, an arrangement that may allow independent regulation of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis by distinct physiological requirements such as protein synthesis and secondary metabolism. The presence of amino-terminal extensions characteristic of chloroplast transit peptides on DHS1 and DHS2 suggests that both proteins may be targeted to the chloroplast.

| S-EPMC52602 | biostudies-other

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data