Dataset Information

The Association Between Renal Function Decline and the Incidence of Urothelial Carcinoma: A 16-year Retrospective Cohort Study in Taiwan.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The incidence of cancer is higher among patients with end-stage renal disease but it remains uncertain whether a mild decrease in renal function affects cancer.

Objective

To measure the effect of impaired renal function, represented by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), personal health behaviors, and long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) on the risk of urothelial carcinoma (UC) incidence.

Design setting and participants

We performed a population-based cohort study of 372 008 participants aged ≥30 yr with no prior cancer history using the MJ health examination database (2000-2015) and UC diagnosis data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry database.

Outcome measurements and statistical analysis

Cox proportional hazards models were used to quantify the association between eGFR and UC incidence.

Results and limitations

We detected 383 UC cases during a median follow-up of 10.3 yr. Low eGFR was significantly associated with UC (p value for trend <0.01): compared to eGFR ≥90 ml/min/1.73 m², the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.36 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98-1.88), 1.86 (95% CI 1.22-2.84), and 1.95 (95% CI 1.06-3.56) for eGFR strata of 60-89, 45-59, and <45 ml/min/1.73 m², respectively. The risk remained elevated after stratifying the follow-up duration to check for reverse causality, and the dose-response relationship was stronger for women than for men. Current smoking (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02-1.77) and long-term exposure to PM_2.5 concentrations ≥25.1 μg/m³ (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.14-2.09) both significantly increased the risk of UC incidence. A significant dose-response relationship between PM_2.5 and UC was also noted (p _trend < 0.01). Limitations include the retrospective design and limited information on medical history.

Conclusions

Lower renal function showed a dose-response relationship in elevating UC risk. Long-term exposure to PM_2.5 is also a possible UC risk factor.

Patient summary

People with kidney function that is lower than normal should monitor the health of their kidneys and other organs in the urinary system. Our study confirmed that as well as smoking, exposure to fine particulate matter in the air may be a risk factor for cancers of the urinary system.

SUBMITTER: Chuang YH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8317881 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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