Dataset Information

Association of public health interventions and COVID-19 incidence in Vietnam, January to December 2020.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Vietnam implemented various public health interventions such as contact tracing and testing, mandatory quarantine, and lockdowns in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the effects of these measures on the epidemic remain unclear.

Methods

This article describes the public health interventions in relation to COVID-19 incidence. Maximum likelihood estimations were used to assess containment delays (time between symptom onset and start of isolation) and multivariable regression was employed to identify associated factors between interventions and COVID-19 incidence. The effective reproductive numbers (Rt) were calculated based on transmission pairs.

Results

Interventions were introduced periodically in response to the epidemic. Overall, 817 (55.4%) among 1474 COVID-19 cases were imported. Based on a serial interval of 8.72 ± 5.65 days, it was estimated that Rt decreased to below 1 (lowest at 0.02, 95% CI 0-0.12) during periods of strict border control and contact tracing, and increased ahead of new clusters. The main method to detect cases shifted over time from passive notification to active case-finding at immigration or in lockdown areas, with containment delays showing significant differences between modes of case detection.

Conclusions

A combination of early, strict, and consistently implemented interventions is crucial to control COVID-19. Low-middle income countries with limited capacity can contain COVID-19 successfully using non-pharmaceutical interventions.

SUBMITTER: Quach HL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8318669 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Association of public health interventions and COVID-19 incidence in Vietnam, January to December 2020.

Quach Ha-Linh HL Nguyen Khanh Cong KC Hoang Ngoc-Anh NA Pham Thai Quang TQ Tran Duong Nhu DN Le Mai Thi Quynh MTQ Do Hung Thai HT Vien Chien Chinh CC Phan Lan Trong LT Ngu Nghia Duy ND Tran Tu Anh TA Phung Dinh Cong DC Tran Quang Dai QD Dang Tan Quang TQ Dang Duc-Anh DA Vogt Florian F

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases 20210729

<h4>Background</h4>Vietnam implemented various public health interventions such as contact tracing and testing, mandatory quarantine, and lockdowns in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the effects of these measures on the epidemic remain unclear.<h4>Methods</h4>This article describes the public health interventions in relation to COVID-19 incidence. Maximum likelihood estimations were used to assess containment delays (time between symptom onset and start of isolation) an ...[more]

PMID: 34332082

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Project description:IntroductionIn 2021, HHS Office of Minority Health and CDC developed a composite measure of social vulnerability called the Minority Health Social Vulnerability Index (MHSVI) to assess the needs of communities most vulnerable to COVID-19. The MHSVI extends the CDC Social Vulnerability Index with two new themes on healthcare access and medical vulnerability. This analysis examines COVID-19 vaccination coverage by social vulnerability using the MHSVI.MethodsCounty-level COVID-19 vaccine administration data among persons aged ≥18 years reported to CDC from 12/14/20 to 01/31/22 were analyzed. U.S. counties from 50 states and DC were categorized into tertiles of vulnerability (low, moderate, and high) for the composite MHSVI measure and each of the 34 indicators. Vaccination coverage (≥1 dose, primary series completion, and receipt of a booster dose) was calculated by tertiles for the composite MHSVI measure and each indicator.ResultsCounties with lower per capita income, higher proportion of individuals with no high school diploma, living below poverty, ≥65 years of age, with a disability, and in mobile homes had lower vaccination uptake. However, counties with larger proportions of racial/ethnic minorities and individuals speaking English less than "very well" had higher coverage. Counties with fewer primary care physicians and greater medical vulnerabilities had lower ≥ 1 dose vaccination coverage. Furthermore, counties of high vulnerability had lower primary series completion and receipt of a booster dose. There were no clear patterns in COVID-19 vaccination coverage by tertiles for the composite measure.ConclusionResults from the new components in the MHSVI identify needs to prioritize persons in counties with greater medical vulnerabilities and limited access to health care, who are at greater risk for adverse COVID-19 outcomes. Findings suggest that using a composite measure to characterize social vulnerability might mask disparities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake that would have otherwise been observed using specific indicators.

Dataset Information

Association of public health interventions and COVID-19 incidence in Vietnam, January to December 2020.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Association of public health interventions and COVID-19 incidence in Vietnam, January to December 2020.

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