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Trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus disease burden in European Union countries between 1990 and 2019.

ABSTRACT: This observational study aimed to assess trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) disease burden in European Union countries for the years 1990-2019. Sex specific T2DM age-standardised prevalence (ASPRs), mortality (ASMRs) and disability-adjusted life-year rates (DALYs) per 100,000 population were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study online results tool for each EU country (inclusive of the United Kingdom), for the years 1990-2019. Trends were analysed using Joinpoint regression analysis. Between 1990 and 2019, increases in T2DM ASPRs were observed for all EU countries. The highest relative increases in ASPRs were observed in Luxembourg (males + 269.1%, females + 219.2%), Ireland (males + 191.9%, females + 165.7%) and the UK (males + 128.6%, females + 114.6%). Mortality trends were less uniform across EU countries, however a general trend towards reducing T2DM mortality was observed, with ASMRs decreasing over the 30-year period studied in 16/28 countries for males and in 24/28 countries for females. The UK observed the highest relative decrease in ASMRs for males (- 46.9%). For females, the largest relative decrease in ASMRs was in Cyprus (- 67.6%). DALYs increased in 25/28 countries for males and in 17/28 countries for females between 1990 and 2019. DALYs were higher in males than females in all EU countries in 2019. T2DM prevalence rates have increased across EU countries over the last 30 years. Mortality from T2DM has generally decreased in EU countries, however trends were more variable than those observed for prevalence. Primary prevention strategies should continue to be a focus for preventing T2DM in at risk groups in EU countries.

SUBMITTER: Goodall R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8319179 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:ImportanceThe global incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing rapidly, and this increase has had an attendant burden on health systems. However, it is unclear how the burden of this disease differs among the pre-2004 countries of the European Union (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the UK), US, Australia, Canada, and Norway (EU15+).ObjectiveTo assess the trends in mortality, incidence, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) associated with thyroid cancer between 1990 and 2019 in EU15+ nations. Data analysis was conducted from July 11 to October 11, 2021.Design, setting, and participantsObservational cross-sectional analysis of the incidence of thyroid cancer was conducted using data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study database. Nineteen countries of the EU15+ were included.ExposuresThyroid cancer.Main outcomes and measuresAge-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs), age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) and DALYs were extracted for individual EU15+ countries per sex for each of the years from 1990 to 2019, and mortality-to-incidence indexes were computed. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to describe the trends.ResultsThirteen of 19 countries (68%) showed an average annual percentage change increase in ASIR across the study period (range, 0.2%-2.5%). Joinpoint regression analysis revealed largely plateauing ASIR trends in recent years across most EU15+ nations since 1990. Between 2011 and 2019, the estimated annual percentage change in the US was 0. Australia, Denmark, and the US were the only countries with increasing ASMR trends with positive average annual percentage changes: Australia, 0.6 (95% CI, 0.2-1.0); Denmark, 1.0 (95% CI, 0.8-1.3); and US, 0.4 (95% CI, 0.4-0.5); the remaining 16 countries showed negative trends (range, -0.2 to -2.1). Disability-adjusted life-years decreased in all EU15+ countries except Australia, Denmark, and the US.Conclusions and relevanceThis cross-sectional analysis found that overall, the burden of thyroid cancer across EU15+ countries appears to be decreasing, evidenced by plateauing incidence rates and reductions in mortality and DALYs over the 30-year study period. However, the US and Australia appear to have increasing ASMR and DALY trends. Ongoing observation is required to monitor how changes in international clinical practice guidelines affect thyroid cancer DALYs and mortality.

Project description:BackgroundUnderstanding the epidemiological characteristics of various cancers can optimize the prevention and control strategies in the national cancer control plan. This study aimed to report the burden differences, pattern trend, and potential risk factors of all neoplasm types in China in recent 30 years, and further compared with top economies in the world.MethodsThe disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) of all neoplasms with the attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019 in China, Japan, European Union, USA, and the world were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The temporal trend analysis was estimated using the joinpoint regression model.ResultsIn 2019, about 251.4 million DALYs worldwide were caused by all neoplasms, and nearly 26.9% (67.5 million DALYs) occurred in China with the ASDR in 2019 of 342.09/10 000, which was higher than European Union (334.25/10 000), USA (322.94/10 000), and Japan (250.36/10 000). Although the cancer burden of the colorectum, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, oral cavity, ovary, and kidney in China was lower than in Japan, European Union and USA, the corresponding ASDR gradually increased in China over the past 30 years, but declined in the three developed areas. Around 46.29% of overall neoplasms DALYs in China in 2019 were attributed to 22 identified risk factors, and the specific risk attributable-fraction for several neoplasm types varied greatly in these regions.ConclusionThe ASDR of cancers of the lung, colorectum, pancreas, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, oral cavity, ovary, kidney, and chronic lymphoid leukemia increased in China compared to 30 years ago. With the population aging and the social transformation in China, the increasing burden of neoplasms and the changing spectrum of neoplasms suggest that effective comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should be adopted to reduce the burden, including public health education, strict tobacco-control policy, healthier lifestyles, along with expanding vaccination programs and early cancer screening.

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Trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus disease burden in European Union countries between 1990 and 2019.

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