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Extracellular-Matrix-Anchored Click Motifs for Specific Tissue Targeting.

ABSTRACT: Local presentation of cancer drugs by injectable drug-eluting depots reduces systemic side effects and improves efficacy. However, local depots deplete their drug stores and are difficult to introduce into stiff tissues, or organs, such as the brain, that cannot accommodate increased pressure. We present a method for introducing targetable depots through injection of activated ester molecules into target tissues that react with and anchor themselves to the local extracellular matrix (ECM) and subsequently capture systemically administered small molecules through bioorthogonal click chemistry. A computational model of tissue-anchoring depot formation and distribution was verified by histological analysis and confocal imaging of cleared tissues. ECM-anchored click groups do not elicit any noticeable local or systemic toxicity or immune response and specifically capture systemically circulating molecules at intradermal, intratumoral, and intracranial sites for multiple months. Taken together, ECM anchoring of click chemistry motifs is a promising approach to specific targeting of both small and large therapeutics, enabling repeated local presentation for cancer therapy and other diseases.

SUBMITTER: Adams MR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8324317 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:A major obstacle in defining the exact role of extracellular matrix (ECM) in stem cell niches is the lack of suitable methods that recapitulate complex ECM microenvironments /in vitro/. Here we describe a methodology that permits reliable anchorage of native cell-secreted ECM to culture carriers. We validate our approach by fabricating two distinct types of human bone marrow (BM) specific ECM substrates that are sufficiently robust to serve as support for human mesenchymal (MSC) and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) /in vitro/. The MSC-derived ECM preparations were thoroughly characterised to identify their molecular composition, structural features and nano-mechanical properties. We demonstrate the unique ability of these complex ECMs to support expansion and differentiation of BM stem cells. The established methodology enables deciphering and modulating native-like multicomponent ECMs of tissue-resident stem cells, and will therefore set the ground for a more rational design of engineered stem cell niches. Mass spectrometry: SDS-PAGE separated extracts of aaECM and osteoECM were cut into 17-20 slices according to major bands present in both lanes. LC-MS analysis was performed on an Ultimate 3000 HPLC system in front of a LTQ Orbitrap XL mass spectrometer. Top 8 peaks in mass spectra (Orbitrap, resolution 60000) were selected for fragmentation (CID, normalized collision energy 35%, activation time 30ms, q-value 0.25). Dynamic exclusion was enabled (repeat count 2, repeat duration 10s, exclusion duration 20s). MS/MS-spectra were acquired in the LTQ in centroid mode. Data processing: Proteins were identified using the MaxQuant software package version 1.2.0.18 (MPI for Biochemistry Munich, Germany) and Uniprot data base version 02/2011. Carbamidomethylation of cysteine was chosen as a fixed modification, acetylation of the N-terminus, deamidation of asparagine and oxidation of methionine as variable modifications. Proteins with at least one unique and two razor peptides were kept when present in at least two of three replicates, and gene ontologies were added using Perseus version 1.2.0.13. For selected gene ontologies LFQ-Intensities of matching proteins were summed and related to the total sum of LFQ-Intensities of all detected proteins.

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Extracellular-Matrix-Anchored Click Motifs for Specific Tissue Targeting.

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