Identifying quantitative trait loci for the general combining ability of yield-relevant traits in maize.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Liu X
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8329886 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Maize yield components including row number, kernel number per row, kernel thickness, kernel width, kernel length, 100-kernel weight, and volume weight affect grain yield directly. Previous studies mainly focused on dissecting the genetic basis of per se performances for yield-related traits, but the genetic basis of general combining ability (GCA) for these traits is still unclear. In the present study, 328 RILs were crossed as males to two testers according to the NCII mating design, resulting in a hybrid panel composed of 656 hybrids. Both the hybrids and parental lines were evaluated in four environments in 2015 and 2016. Correlation analysis showed the performances of GCA effects were significantly correlated to the per se performances of RILs for all yield-related traits (0.17 ≤ r ≤ 0.64, P > 0.01). Only 17 of 95 QTL could be detected for both per se performances of RILs and GCA effects for eight yield-related traits. The QTL qKN7-1 and qHKW1-3, which could explain more than 10% of the variation in the GCA effects of KN and HKW, were also detected for per se performances for the traits. The pleiotropic loci qRN3-1 and qRN6, which together explained 14.92% of the observed variation in GCA effects for RN, were associated with the GCA effects of KW and HKW, but not with per se performances for these traits. In contrast, Incw1, which was related to seed weight in maize, was mapped to the region surrounding MK2567 at the qHKW5-2 locus, but no GCA effect was detected. The QTL identified in present study for per se performances and corresponding GCA effects for yield-related traits might be useful for maize hybrid breeding.
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Project description:Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapped in different genetic populations are of great significance for marker-assisted breeding. In this study, an F2:3 population were developed from the crossing of two maize inbred lines SG-5 and SG-7 and applied to QTL mapping for seven yield-related traits. The seven traits included 100-kernel weight, ear length, ear diameter, cob diameter, kernel row number, ear weight, and grain weight per plant. Based on an ultra-high density linkage map, a total of thirty-three QTLs were detected for the seven studied traits with composite interval mapping (CIM) method, and fifty-four QTLs were indentified with genome-wide composite interval mapping (GCIM) methods. For these QTLs, Fourteen were both detected by CIM and GCIM methods. Besides, eight of the thirty QTLs detected by CIM were identical to those previously mapped using a F2 population (generating from the same cross as the mapping population in this study), and fifteen were identical to the reported QTLs in other recent studies. For the fifty-four QTLs detected by GCIM, five of them were consistent with the QTLs mapped in the F2 population of SG-5 × SG-7, and twenty one had been reported in other recent studies. The stable QTLs associated with grain weight were located on maize chromosomes 2, 5, 7, and 9. In addition, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SG-5 and SG-7 were obtained from the transcriptomic profiling of grain at different developmental stages and overlaid onto the stable QTLs intervals to predict candidate genes for grain weight in maize. In the physical intervals of confirmed QTLs qKW-7, qEW-9, qEW-10, qGWP-6, qGWP-8, qGWP-10, qGWP-11 and qGWP-12, there were 213 DEGs in total. Finally, eight genes were predicted as candidate genes for grain size/weight. In summary, the stable QTLs would be reliable and the candidate genes predicted would be benefit for maker assisted breeding or cloning.
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Project description:Selection of parents based on their combining ability is an effective approach in hybrid breeding. In this study, eight maintainer lines and nine restorer lines were used to obtain 72 crosses for analyzing the general combining ability (GCA) and special combining ability (SCA) for seven agronomic and yield characters including plant height (PH), spike length excluding awns (SL), inter-node length (IL), spikes per plant (SP), thousand kernel weight (TKW), kernel weight per plant (KWP) and dry matter weight per plant (DWP). The results showed that GCA was significantly different among parents and SCA was also significantly different among crosses. The performance of hybrid was significantly correlated with the sum of female and male GCA (TGCA), SCA and heterosis. Hu1154 A, Mian684 A, 86F098 A, 8036 R and 8041 R were excellent parents with greater general combining ability. Five crosses, Hu1154 A×8032 R, Humai10 A×8040 R, Mian684 A×8037 R, Mian684 A×8041 R and 86F098 A×8037 R, showed superior heterosis for most characters.
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