Promoting stroke awareness through short movies and film festivals.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Zhao J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8339529 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Promoting stroke awareness through short movies and film festivals.
CNS neuroscience & therapeutics 20210726
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Project description:BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection disproportionally affects populations in sub-Saharan Africa. Lack of HBV awareness perpetuates disease burden in Africa.ObjectiveTo promote HBV awareness in Tanzania using a systematic, measurable, and expandable approach to educating health care workers (HCW).MethodsWe designed and implemented an HBV knowledge and teaching skills session in southern Tanzania to empower HCWs in leading education to promote disease awareness in their communities. Training was divided into two sessions: didactic and practical. A five-question anonymous survey was distributed in person immediately before and after the practical portion of the training to evaluate HBV knowledge as well as specific skills for teaching. Differences between responses before and after the sessions were evaluated by Chi-Square analysis. A sub-group of questions were further analyzed for differences based on HCW self-report of HBV serostatus awareness.Findings130 HCWs participated in the didactic lecture and 30 HCWs participated in both portions. A pre-post training five-question survey showed an increase in correct answers for all questions, with two showing statistical significance: HBV is silent (7% pre vs. 87% post; p < 0.0001), and repetition as key to promote awareness (63% pre vs. 100% post; p = 0.0002).ConclusionsOur low-cost intervention is applicable to increase HBV awareness in low resource settings across Africa.
| S-EPMC7908926 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo evaluate awareness of the Eat Well Campaign (EWC) among parents and assess perceptions about its effectiveness.DesignPost-campaign evaluation study with a cross-section of parents recruited through random digit dialling. Participants completed an online survey about EWC awareness, its perceived effectiveness among parents and their meal planning practices (attitudes, behaviours and self-efficacy).SettingA federal mass-media campaign disseminated by Health Canada (2013-2014) to promote meal planning to Canadian parents.ParticipantsParents (n 964) of children aged 2-12 years from all Provinces and Territories.ResultsOf respondents, 41 % (390/964) were aware of the campaign; Quebec City and rural Quebec had the highest rates of awareness, whereas Vancouver, Winnipeg and Toronto had the lowest. Awareness was greater among parents with lower income, basic education and French-speakers. Campaign intensity was significantly associated with greater odds of reporting positive attitudes towards the EWC and meal planning (P < 0·05). Campaign awareness was significantly associated with greater odds of believing that meal planning helps maintain a healthy diet (OR = 1·68, 95 % CI 1·03, 2·74) and planning meals (OR = 1·66, 95 % CI 1·03, 2·54), but not self-efficacy, in adjusted models.ConclusionsThe present study is the first to evaluate an initiative that promoted meal planning with mass media. The EWC demonstrated evidence of success in terms of equitable access to a nutrition initiative by reaching lower-income and less-educated parents. Understanding behavioural factors among different segments of the population will be important to target appropriate audiences and develop tailored interventions that support healthy eating practices.
| S-EPMC10260515 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Does variation in how religious festivals are celebrated have economic consequences? We study the economic impacts of the timing of Catholic patron saint day festivals in Mexico. For causal identification, we exploit cross-locality variation in festival dates and in the timing of agricultural seasons. We estimate the impact of "agriculturally-coinciding" festivals (those coinciding with peak planting or harvest months) on long-run economic development of localities. Agriculturally-coinciding festivals lead to lower household income and worse development outcomes overall. These negative effects are likely due to lower agricultural productivity, which inhibits structural transformation out of agriculture. Agriculturally-coinciding festivals may nonetheless persist because they also lead to higher religiosity and social capital.
| S-EPMC10977106 | biostudies-literature
Project description:YTH Domain Containing 1 (YTHDC1) is one of the m6A readers that is essential for oocyte development and tumor progression. The role of YTHDC1 in neuronal survival and ischemic stroke is unknown. Here, we found that YTHDC1 was unregulated in the early phase of ischemic stroke. Knockdown of YTHDC1 exacerbated ischemic brain injury and overexpression of YTHDC1 protected rats against brain injury. Mechanistically, YTHDC1 promoted PTEN mRNA degradation to increase Akt phosphorylation, thus facilitating neuronal survival in particular after ischemia. These data identify YTHDC1 as a novel regulator of neuronal survival and modulating m6A reader YTHDC1 may provide a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
| S-EPMC7666223 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCommunity awareness of stroke, especially the risk factors and warning signs is important in the control of the disease. In sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about community awareness of stroke though the brunt of stroke is currently borne in this region. The aim of the study was to evaluate stroke awareness in Accra (capital city of Ghana) particularly, the risk factors and warning signs.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study involving systematic sampling of 63 households in each of the 11 sub metropolitan areas of Accra. A structured questionnaire was used to collect stroke awareness data from respondents randomly sampled in the selected households. Logistic regression analyses were done to identify predictors of the main outcome variables including recognition of stroke risk factors, stroke warning signs and the organ affected by stroke.ResultsOnly 40% (n?=?277) of the 693 respondents correctly identified the brain as the organ affected in stroke. Similarly, less than half of the respondents could recognize any of the established stroke risk factors as well as any of the established stroke warning signs. Over 70% (n?>?485) of the respondents either believed that stroke is a preventable disease, or lifestyle alterations can be made to reduce the risk of stroke, or stroke requires emergency treatment. In multivariate analysis, predictors of stroke awareness were: age <50 years (OR?=?0.56, CI?=?0.35-0.92, p?=?0.021), presence of a stroke risk factor (OR?=?2.37, CI?=?1.52-3.71, p?<?0.001) and Christian Religion (OR?=?14.86, CI?=?1.37-161.01, p?=?0.03).ConclusionThough stroke is perceived as a serious and preventable disease in Accra, community awareness of the risk factors and warning signs is sub-optimal. This indicates that community-based education programs to increase public awareness of stroke could contribute to decreasing the risk of stroke and to increasing the speed of hospital presentation after stroke onset.
| S-EPMC3943505 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The need for a validated set of emotional clips to elicit emotions in more ecological experiments is increasing. Here we present the validation of a new database of emotional films, named E-MOVIE, which includes, in this first validation phase, 39 excerpts arranged in six categories, three negative (Fear, Sadness and Compassion), two positive (Erotic and Scenery) and a Neutral category. Notably, Compassion and Scenery are new in the field as they were not included in other databases. The clips in E-MOVIE are characterized by homogenous durations of approximately two minutes, which make them suitable for psychophysiological research. In order to study the affective profile prompted by each category 174 participants (112 women) rated the movies on multiple dimensions, namely valence and arousal, intensity and discreteness of the induction of one of the six basic emotions and, finally, intensity of the experience of the emotional states defined by a series of emotional adjectives. Erotic clips were effective in the elicitation of a positive emotional state, characterized by high levels of arousal and excitement. On the other hand, Fear clips (selected without blood to avoid disgust reaction) prompted an affect characterized by high arousal, low valence and high levels of reported fear and anxiety. Women reported greater unpleasantness, distress, anxiety and jittery than men to the three negative categories. Compassion clips, characterized by the depiction of crying characters, were able to induce an affective state dominated by sadness and feeling touched, consistent with an empathic reaction to emotional sufferance. Sadness clips, instead, elicited an affective state characterized by sadness together with distress and angst. We also demonstrated that clips depicting natural environments (i.e. Scenery) prompted in the viewer a surprised, inspired affective state, characterized by high valence and arousal (especially in males), a result which suggests that their past categorization as neutral stimuli was inaccurate and problematic.
| S-EPMC6776321 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Evaluating stroke campaigns and associated behavioural changes is crucial to assess intervention effectiveness and inform future strategies. We aimed to evaluate patient's and bystanders' foreknowledge of stroke signs and symptoms and their response at stroke onset. We interviewed stroke patients using a validated questionnaire or their bystanders if the stroke patient had disabling stroke. The questionnaire was administered to 165 participants, 142 (86.1%) stroke patients and 23 (13.9%) bystanders. The mean age was 52.6 (SD = 11.7), and male-female ratio was 7:1. Among the participants, 33 (20.1%) had foreknowledge of stroke signs, and of these, 27 (16.5%) were aware of the stroke campaign in Qatar. The behavioural responses at stroke onset included; activating Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (n = 55, 33.3%), calling friends/relatives (n = 69, 41.8%), driving to hospital (n = 33, 20%), waiting for improvement in condition (n = 21, 12.7%). There was no association of ethnicity, marital status, or campaign awareness with EMS activation. Despite limited community awareness of stroke signs and campaign, help-seeking behaviour through EMS activation was generally high, underscoring the need for focused educational efforts and public health interventions.
| S-EPMC11301737 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and purposeTo improve stroke awareness and reduce life-threatening prehospital delays worldwide, a universal stroke educational program is needed. To meet this unmet need, we developed a universal program without language barriers and tested its acceptance in Taiwan, where Chinese is the native language.MethodsStroke 112 was developed using the universal emergency phone number, 112. The numbers imply an emergency and correspond to the 3 stroke recognition signs used in FAST (Face, Arm, Speech, and Time): 1 uneven face (crooked mouth); 1 weak arm (arm weakness); 2 incoherent lips (slurred speech). An online survey was used to determine the acceptance of the Stroke 112 program compared with that of FAST in Chinese. The surveys were delivered using SurveyMonkey (http://www.surveymonkey.com) on 2 separate occasions in Taiwan; in August 2017 for an initial estimation of the acceptance of Stroke 112 and in March 2018, 2 weeks after the official release of Stroke 112 in Taiwan, including a special introductory lecture for neurologists hosted by the STARS-Taiwan (Stroke Treatment and Research Society-Taiwan).ResultsThe initial survey with 465 survey responders, 54.6% thought that Stroke 112 was easier to remember for people in Taiwan compared with FAST (41.2%). After Stroke 112's official release in Taiwan, 610 individuals completed the survey, and the majority (66.4%) thought that Stroke 112 was easier to remember, a significant increase compared with the initial survey (P=0.0001). Among the 130 neurologists who attended the Stroke 112 introductory lecture, 55 completed the online survey. A greater acceptance of Stroke 112 (74.6%) compared with FAST (16.4%) was observed among these 55 neurologists (P=0.0001).ConclusionsStroke 112, a universal stroke educational program without language barriers was developed. It could potentially be implemented worldwide, especially where 112 is used as an emergency phone number.
| S-EPMC6034704 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Body awareness (BA) is a process that involves sensory awareness originating from the body's physiological states, processes and actions, and is shaped by one's attitudes, perceptions, beliefs and experience of social and cultural context. Impairments in body awareness after stroke are believed to be common and may be an important influence on recovery outcomes. However, recovery of body awareness is poorly understood and receives little consideration in rehabilitation. Aims: To investigate if body awareness changes over time following stroke; and identify if body awareness after stroke is associated with sensation, motor impairment, self-efficacy and quality of life. Methods: An exploratory longitudinal observational study was performed. Participants with a stroke diagnosis and associated motor impairment were recruited from an acute stroke unit. An assessment battery consisting of sensory and motor impairment and function, body awareness, self-efficacy and quality of life measures were used at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months. Results: A total of 105 people with stroke were recruited. Most recovery in sensation and body awareness occurred within the first month after stroke (all p < 0.01). Sensation and body awareness were correlated with other clinical outcomes (motor impairment, self-efficacy and quality of life), demographics, and stroke specific clinical characteristics (all p < 0.01). Conclusions: This is the first study to track recovery of body awareness after stroke and investigate the relationship it may have in recovery of sensation, motor impairment and function, self-efficacy and quality of life. Further research is now warranted to continue investigation of body awareness and to develop effective stroke-specific assessment and intervention strategies.
| S-EPMC8666978 | biostudies-literature