Dataset Information

Posterior staphyloma is associated with the microvasculature and microstructure of myopic eyes.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To investigate the microvasculature and structural characteristics of the eyes of myopic patients and their association with posterior staphyloma (PS).

Methods

This was a retrospective, case-control study comprising of 106 eyes from 72 individuals. Using 1:1 matching of axial length (AL) of their eyes, patients were allocated into a PS group or no posterior staphyloma (NPS) group. All patients were examined using ultra-widefield fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography angiography, and ocular biometry to acquire microvasculature and microstructure parameters.

Results

The anterior chamber depth (ACD) of the PS group was significantly different from that of the NPS group (3.56 mm vs 3.76 mm, P < 0.001), as was 1ens thickness (3.72 mm vs 3.57 mm, P = 0.005) and spherical equivalent (SE)(-10.11D vs -8.80D, P = 0.014). The PS group had reduced choriocapillaris flow, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), and a thinner retinal layer compared with the NPS group. No difference in retinal blood flow between the two groups was observed. The PS group exhibited a smaller disc area (15082.89 vs 17,043.32, P = 0.003) and angle α between temporal retinal arterial vascular arcades (113.29°vs 128.39°, P = 0.003), a larger disc tilt ratio (1.41 vs 1.24, P < 0.001) and parapapillary atrophy (PPA) area (13840.98 vs 8753.86, P = 0.020), compared with the NPS group. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that disc tilt ratio (P = 0.031) and SFCT (P = 0.015) were significant predictors of PS. In addition, PS (P = 0.049), AL (P = 0.003), corneal refractive power (P < 0.001), ACD (P = 0.022), relative lens position (P = 0.045), and disc area (P = 0.011) were significant predictors of SE.

Conclusions

PS was found to be closely linked to a reduction in choriocapillaris perfusion and anatomical abnormalities including posterior and anterior segments. Furthermore, PS exacerbated the progression of myopia.

SUBMITTER: Nie F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8352845 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundPrevalence of high myopia is continuously increasing, thus, patients affected with staphyloma are abundant worldwide. Assessment of the quality of vision in these patients is mandatory for a proper clinical counselling, specially when undergoing surgical procedures that require intraocular lenses implantation. Thus, the purpose of the study was to assess monochromatic higher order aberrations (HOAs) in highly myopic eyes with staphyloma with or without a dome-shaped macula.MethodsParticipants underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, ocular axial biometry, dual Scheimpflug photography and integrated Placido disk topography, and Hartmann-Shack wavefront analysis. Five groups were evaluated: a low-moderate myopia control group (< 6.00 diopters, n = 31) and four high myopia (≥6.00 diopters) groups: eyes without staphyloma (n = 18), eyes with inferior staphyloma (n = 14), eyes with posterior staphyloma without dome-shaped macula (n = 15) and eyes with posterior staphyloma with dome-shaped macula (n = 17). Subsequently, two new groups (including all participants) were created to assess differences between myopia with and without staphyloma. One-way analysis of covariance was performed using age and lens densitometry as covariates.ResultsStatistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences in anterior corneal fourth-order HOAs were observed between the low-moderate myopia and no-dome-shaped macula (Mean: 0.16 μm) and dome-shaped macula posterior staphyloma groups (Mean: 0.12 μm) in younger patients (≤45 years old). The same groups also showed (p ≤ 0.05) significant differences for anterior corneal primary spherical aberration (Mean: 0.19 and 0.13 μm, respectively). In addition, anterior corneal tetrafoil was significantly higher (p = 0.04) in dome-shaped macula compared to no-dome-shaped macula (Mean: 0.18 vs 0.06 μm, respectively). When all participants were grouped together, significantly lower mean anterior corneal primary spherical aberration (0.15 μm vs. 0.27 μm, p = 0.004) and higher internal primary spherical aberration (0.04 μm vs. -0.06 μm, p = 0.04) was observed in staphyloma compared to no-staphyloma myopic patients.ConclusionsEyes with high myopia and staphyloma have less positive anterior corneal primary spherical aberration and less negative internal primary spherical aberration, suggesting that the anterior corneal surface tends to mimic in a specular fashion the posterior pole profile. This corneal behaviour appears to change in patients older than 45 years.