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Macrophage Receptor With Collagenous Structure Polymorphism and Recurrent Respiratory Infections and Wheezing During Infancy: A 5-Years Follow-Up Study.

ABSTRACT: Background: Recurrent wheezing is a common clinical manifestation in childhood, and respiratory syncytial virus infection is a well-known risk factor. However, the genetic background favoring the development of recurrent wheezing is not fully understood. A possible role of macrophage receptor with collagenous gene (MARCO) polymorphism has been recently proposed. Objective: To investigate a correlation between MARCO rs1318645 polymorphisms and susceptibility to recurrent wheezing during childhood. Methods: We prospectively recruited 116 infants, of which 58 with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and 58 controls hospitalized at Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy, between November 2014 and April 2015. All subjects were investigated for MARCO rs1318645 polymorphisms in the first period of life. Genotyping of rs1318645 was carried out by TaqMan mismatch amplification mutation assay real-time polymerase chain reaction procedure. Subjects were then enrolled in a 5-year follow-up study to monitor the occurrence of wheezing and respiratory infections. Results: The analysis of MARCO rs1318645 of allelic frequencies shows an increasingly significant risk to develop recurrent infection (p = 0.00065) and recurrent wheezing (p = 0.000084) with a wild-type C allele compared with a G allele. No correlation was found between wheezing and past respiratory syncytial virus infection (p = 0.057) and for a history of atopy in the family (p = 0.859). Conclusion: Our finding showed that subjects with C allelic MARCO rs1318645 polymorphism are at higher risk for recurrent infection and wheezing episodes during the first 5 years of life. Future studies of genetic associations should also consider other types of polymorphisms.

SUBMITTER: Savino F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8353117 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The Prevention of Overweight in Infancy (POI) randomized controlled trial assessed the effect of a more conventional food, physical activity, and breastfeeding intervention, with a more novel sleep intervention on weight outcomes at 2 years of age. The trial had 58% uptake at recruitment, and retention was 86% at age 2 years, 77% at age 3.5 years, and 69% at age 5 years. Children who received the brief sleep intervention in infancy had just half the risk of obesity at 2 years of age compared to those who did not receive the sleep intervention. Importantly, this substantially reduced risk was still apparent at our follow-up at 5 years of age. OBJECTIVE:The primary aim of this follow-up at age 11 years is to determine whether differences in BMI z-score and obesity risk remain apparent now that it is at least 9 years since cessation of the sleep intervention. Several secondary outcomes of interest will also be examined including 24-hour movement patterns, mental health and wellbeing, and use of electronic media, particularly prior to sleep. METHODS:We will seek renewed consent from all 734 of the original 802 POI families who expressed interest in further involvement. Children and parent(s) will attend 2 clinics and 1 home appointment to obtain measures of anthropometry and body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan), 24-hour movement patterns (sleep, sedentary time, and physical activity measured using an AX3 accelerometer), mental health and wellbeing (validated questionnaires), family functioning (validated questionnaires), use of electronic media (wearable and stationary cameras, questionnaires), and diet and eating behaviors (24-hour recall, questionnaires). RESULTS:This follow-up study has full ethical approval from the University of Otago Human Ethics Committee (H19/109) and was funded in May 2019 by the Health Research Council of New Zealand (grant 19/346). Data collection commenced in June 2020, and first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2022. CONCLUSIONS:Long-term outcomes of early obesity intervention are rare. Despite the growing body of evidence linking insufficient sleep with an increased risk of obesity in children, interventions targeting improvements in sleep have been insufficiently explored. Our initial follow-up at 5 years of age suggested that an early sleep intervention may have long-term benefits for effective weight management in children. Further analysis in our now preteen population will provide much-needed evidence regarding the long-term effectiveness of sleep interventions in infancy as an obesity prevention approach. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00892983; https://tinyurl.com/y3xepvxf. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID):DERR1-10.2196/24968.

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Macrophage Receptor With Collagenous Structure Polymorphism and Recurrent Respiratory Infections and Wheezing During Infancy: A 5-Years Follow-Up Study.

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