Incidence of central nervous system relapses in patients with DLBCL treated with lenalidomide as maintenance after R-CHOP.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Bernard S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8361464 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8776513 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background In childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), central nervous system (CNS) involvement is rare at diagnosis (1-4%), but more frequent at relapse (~30%). Minimal residual disease diagnostics predict most bone marrow (BM) relapses, but likely cannot predict isolated CNS relapses. Consequently, CNS relapses may become relatively more important. Because of the significant late sequelae of CNS treatment, early identification of patients at risk of CNS relapse is crucial. Methods Gene expression profiles of ALL cells from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and ALL cells from BM were compared and differences were confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR. For a selected set of overexpressed genes, protein expression levels of ALL cells in CSF at relapse and of ALL cells in diagnostic BM samples were evaluated by 8-color flow cytometry. Results CSF-derived ALL cells showed a clearly different gene expression profile than BM-derived ALL cells, with differentially-expressed genes (including SCD and OPN) involved in survival and apoptosis pathways and linked to the JAK-STAT pathway. Flowcytometric analysis showed that a subpopulation of ALL cells (>1%) with a “CNS signature” (SCD positivity and increased OPN expression) was already present in BM at diagnosis in ALL patients who later developed a CNS relapse, but was <1% or absent in virtually all other patients. Conclusions The presence of a subpopulation of ALL cells with a “CNS signature” at diagnosis may predict isolated CNS relapse. Such information can be used to design new diagnostic and treatment strategies that aim at prevention of CNS relapse with reduced toxicity.
2015-12-31 | GSE60926 | GEO
Project description:Background In childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), central nervous system (CNS) involvement is rare at diagnosis (1-4%), but more frequent at relapse (~30%). Minimal residual disease diagnostics predict most bone marrow (BM) relapses, but likely cannot predict isolated CNS relapses. Consequently, CNS relapses may become relatively more important. Because of the significant late sequelae of CNS treatment, early identification of patients at risk of CNS relapse is crucial. Methods Gene expression profiles of ALL cells from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and ALL cells from BM were compared and differences were confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR. For a selected set of overexpressed genes, protein expression levels of ALL cells in CSF at relapse and of ALL cells in diagnostic BM samples were evaluated by 8-color flow cytometry. Results CSF-derived ALL cells showed a clearly different gene expression profile than BM-derived ALL cells, with differentially-expressed genes (including SCD and OPN) involved in survival and apoptosis pathways and linked to the JAK-STAT pathway. Flowcytometric analysis showed that a subpopulation of ALL cells (>1%) with a â??CNS signatureâ?? (SCD positivity and increased OPN expression) was already present in BM at diagnosis in ALL patients who later developed a CNS relapse, but was <1% or absent in virtually all other patients. Conclusions The presence of a subpopulation of ALL cells with a â??CNS signatureâ?? at diagnosis may predict isolated CNS relapse. Such information can be used to design new diagnostic and treatment strategies that aim at prevention of CNS relapse with reduced toxicity. We compared gene expression profiles of ALL cells obtained from cerebrospinal fluid (n=8) with profiles of ALL cells obtained from bone marrow at diagnosis (n=22) or at relapse (n=20)
2015-12-31 | E-GEOD-60926 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Central nervous system (CNS) relapse of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a devastating event occurring in ~?5% of patients treated with R-CHOP. We hypothesized that adding lenalidomide to R-CHOP (R2CHOP) may decrease the risk of CNS relapse. We analyzed records for patients with DLBCL from two R2CHOP trials. We assessed variables pertinent to the CNS-International Prognostic Index (CNS-IPI) scoring system and classified patients into groups of low, intermediate, and high risk of CNS relapse. The 2-year CNS relapse rate for each risk group was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with reported rates in cohorts treated with contemporary chemoimmunotherapy. A total of 136 patients were included. Mean age was 65 and median follow-up was 48.2 months. 10.3, 71.3, and 18.4% of patients were classified into low, intermediate, and high-risk CNS-IPI groups, respectively. Only one of 136 patients developed CNS relapse, corresponding to an incidence of 0.7% and an estimated 2-year CNS relapse rate of 0.9% for the entire R2CHOP cohort. The estimated 2-year CNS relapse rates for the low, intermediate, and high-risk groups were 0, 0, and 5.0%, respectively. Frontline therapy with R2CHOP in patients with DLBCL is associated with a lower-than-expected rate of CNS relapse.
| S-EPMC6018787 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Despite the success of contemporary treatment protocols in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), relapse within the central nervous system (CNS) remains a challenge. To better understand this phenomenon, we have analysed the changes in incidence and pattern of CNS relapses in 5564 children enrolled in four successive Medical Research Council-ALL trials between 1985 and 2001. Changes in the incidence and pattern of CNS relapses were examined and the relationship with patient characteristics was assessed. The factors affecting outcome after relapse were determined. Overall, relapses declined by 49%. Decreases occurred primarily in non-CNS and combined relapses with a progressive shift towards later (> or =30 months from diagnosis) relapses (P<0.0001). Although isolated CNS relapses declined, the proportional incidence and timing of relapse remained unchanged. Age and presenting white blood cell (WBC) count were risk factors for CNS relapse. On multivariate analysis, the time to relapse and the trial period influenced outcomes after relapse. Relapse trends differed within biological subtypes. In ETV6-RUNX1 ALL, relapse patterns mirrored overall trends whereas in high hyperdiploidy (HH) ALL, these seem to have plateaued over the latter two trial periods. Intensive systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy have decreased the overall CNS relapse rates and changed the patterns of recurrence. The heterogeneity of therapeutic response in the biological subtypes suggests room for further optimization using currently available chemotherapy.
| S-EPMC2820451 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We performed a retrospective analysis to identify risk factors and survival outcome for central nervous system (CNS) relapse of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) by histologic type. Records of 600 PTCL patients diagnosed between 1999 and 2014 were analyzed including PTCL not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS, 174 patients), angoimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL, 144), ALK+anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL, 74), ALK-ALCL (103), extranodal NK-cell lymphoma (ENKL, 54), or others (51). With a median follow up of 57 months, 13 patients (4 PTCL-NOS, 1 AITL, 4 ALK+ALCL, 2 ALK-ALCL, 2 ENKL) experienced CNS relapse. One-year and 5-year cumulative incidence of CNS relapse were 1.5% (95%CI: 0.7-2.8%) and 2.1% (95%CI: 1.1-3.5%), respectively. The 5-year cumulative incidence of CNS relapse was 1.8% in PTCL-NOS, 0.7% in AITL, 5.4% in ALK+ALCL, 2.1% in ALK-ALCL and 3.7% in ENKL. Extranodal involvement >1 site was the only significant factor associated with higher chance of CNS relapse (HR: 4.9, 95%CI: 1.6-15.0, p = 0.005). Patients with ALK+ALCL who had extranodal involvement >1 (N = 19) had very high risk of CNS relapse with one year cumulative incidence of 17% (95%CI: 4%-37%), all occurring within six months after diagnosis. All patients with CNS relapse eventually died (median, 1.5 months; range, 0.1-10.1 months). CNS relapse in patients with PTCL is rare event but the risk varies by subtype. ALK+ALCL patients with extranodal involvement >1 site have a very high risk of early CNS relapse, and thus evaluation of CNS involvement at the time of diagnosis and possible CNS-directed prophylaxis may be considered.
| S-EPMC5851529 | biostudies-literature
Project description:UnlabelledThe outcomes of Central Nervous System (CNS) relapses in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) treated in the ALL R3 trial, between January 2003 and March 2011 were analysed. Patients were risk stratified, to receive a matched donor allogeneic transplant or fractionated cranial irradiation with continued treatment for two years. A randomisation of Idarubicin with Mitoxantrone closed in December 2007 in favour of Mitoxantrone. The estimated 3-year progression free survival for combined and isolated CNS disease were 40.6% (25·1, 55·6) and 38.0% (26.2, 49.7) respectively. Univariate analysis showed a significantly better survival for age <10 years, progenitor-B cell disease, good-risk cytogenetics and those receiving Mitoxantrone. Adjusting for these variables (age, time to relapse, cytogenetics, treatment drug and gender) a multivariate analysis, showed a poorer outcome for those with combined CNS relapse (HR 2·64, 95% CI 1·32, 5·31, p?=?0·006 for OS). ALL R3 showed an improvement in outcome for CNS relapses treated with Mitoxantrone compared to Idarubicin; a potential benefit for matched donor transplant for those with very early and early isolated-CNS relapses.Trial registrationControlled-Trials.com ISRCTN45724312.
| S-EPMC4184796 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The brown ghost knifefish (Apteronotus leptorhynchus) is a weakly electric teleost fish of particular interest as a model organism for a variety of research areas in neuroscience, including neurophysiology, neuroethology, and neurobiology. This versatile model system has been more recently used in the study of central nervous system development and regeneration during adulthood, as well as in the study of vertebrate aging and senescence. Despite substantial scientific interest in this species, no genomic resources are currently available. After evaluating several trimming and transcript reconstruction strategies, de novo assembly using Trinity uncovered at least 11,847 unique components (“genes”) containing full or near-full length protein sequences based on alignment to a reference set of known Actinopterygii protein sequences, with as many as 42,459 components containing at least a partial protein-coding sequence, providing broad coverage of the proteome. Shotgun proteomics confirmed translation of open reading frames from over 2,000 transcripts, including alternative splice variants. Assignment of tandem mass spectra obtained was shown to be greatly improved with the assembly compared with using databases of sequences from closely related organisms.
2015-07-16 | PXD001285 | Pride
Project description:It is suspected that primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) rates are increasing among immunocompetent people. We estimated PCNSL trends in incidence and survival among immunocompetent persons by excluding cases among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons and transplant recipients. PCNSL data were derived from 10 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) cancer registries (1992-2011). HIV-infected cases had reported HIV infection or death due to HIV. Transplant recipient cases were estimated from the Transplant Cancer Match Study. We estimated PCNSL trends overall and among immunocompetent individuals, and survival by HIV status. A total of 4158 PCNSLs were diagnosed (36% HIV-infected; 0·9% transplant recipients). HIV prevalence in PCNSL cases declined from 64·1% (1992-1996) to 12·7% (2007-2011), while the prevalence of transplant recipients remained low. General population PCNSL rates were strongly influenced by immunosuppressed cases, particularly in 20-39 year-old men. Among immunocompetent people, PCNSL rates in men and women aged 65+ years increased significantly (1·7% and 1·6%/year), but remained stable in other age groups. Five-year survival was poor, particularly among HIV-infected cases (9·0%). Among HIV-uninfected cases, 5-year survival increased from 19·1% (1992-1994) to 30·1% (2004-2006). In summary, PCNSL rates have increased among immunocompetent elderly adults, but not in younger individuals. Survival remains poor for both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected PCNSL patients.
| S-EPMC4961566 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIncidence rates in Denmark of central nervous system (CNS) tumors remain among the highest in the world. Survival rates, however, have improved in the past decades in high-income countries.MethodsWe analyzed incidence and survival of childhood CNS tumors in Denmark diagnosed from 1997 to 2019 based on data from the Danish Childhood Cancer Registry and information on histological types, tumor localization, and treatment from medical records.ResultsFrom 1997 to 2019, 949 children<15 years were diagnosed with a CNS tumor. Age-standardized incidence was 42.1 (95% CI, 39.4-44.6) per million person-years and stable during this period. Age-specific incidence for children aged 0-4 years was 47.7 per million. More than one-third (n = 374, 39.4%) were treated with surgery alone. Overall survival rates 5 and 10 years after diagnosis were 77.6% (95% CI, 74.7-80.2) and 74.7% (95% CI, 71.7-77.5). Five-year overall survival improved from 73.0% (95% CI, 68.9-76.7) in 1997-2008 to 83.2% (95% CI, 79.2-86.4) in 2009-2019 (p-value < 0.0001) in children aged 0-4 years (p = 0.0006).ConclusionIncidence rates are stable but remain among the highest in the world. Despite improved survival rates in recent years in younger children, some subtypes still have a poor prognosis.
| S-EPMC8704152 | biostudies-literature