Effect of Acromioplasty on Postoperative Pain Following Rotator Cuff Repair.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Singh C
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8361584 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundPostoperative pain is well known and usually disturbing complication of arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Inflammation plays an important role in the development and progression of postoperative pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictability of postoperative pain through the correlation of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with inflammation. In addition, the correlation of parameters such as operative time, tear size, age and gender with postoperative pain was evaluated.MethodsSixty three patients, who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, were evaluated in this single-center-based retrospective study. The American Society of Anaesthesiologists I and II risk groups were determined as the inclusion criteria. NLR was calculated using preoperative one day hemogram values in all patients. The amounts of analgesic use and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores at the 12th, 24th and 48th hours and on the 3rd and 7th days were recorded. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to correlate postoperative NRS scores with multiple independent factors, including preoperative NLR, sex, age, tear size, repair type, operative time, block time, postoperative analgesic intake and length of hospital stay.ResultsSixty three patients with a mean age of 59.4 years (range, 40-72 years) were evaluated. The mean tear size was 2.8 cm (range, 1-5 cm), the mean operative time was 84.1 min (range, 35-135 min), the mean duration of block was 7.6 hours (range, 4-12 hours) and the mean length of hospital stay was 1.7 days (range, 1-3 days). There was no significant correlation between age, sex, tear size, repair type, operative time and postoperative NRS (p > 0.2). The preoperative NLR was found to be a strong predictor of postoperative NRS (p < 0.001, rho = 0,864). There was a correlation between the NLR and mean analgesic intake (p = 0,03). The duration of block was decreased in patients with a NLR above 2, while it was prolonged in patients with a NLR below 2 (p = 0.04, rho = -0,725).ConclusionThe preoperative NLR was found to be a strongest factor predicting high acute pain levels after arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery. Likewise, NLR was also predictive of postoperative block time and analgesic consumption.
| S-EPMC7082212 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Postoperative pain and edema are the most common problems associated with arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. The purpose of the present study was to compare ice wrap and subacromial injection (SI) as treatments for early postop pain and edema control and to contrast them with a control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS:59 patients treated with arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were randomized into three groups: 23 patients who received an ice wrap, 20 patients who received a SI, and a control group of 16 patients. RESULTS:Patient demographics, comorbidities, tear retraction, degree of fatty muscle degeneration, surgical procedures, and amount of irrigation fluid were similar for the three groups, which also showed similar results regarding postoperative pain and edema control as well as analgesic consumption. CONCLUSIONS:The present study failed to show any difference in effectiveness between the two most common pain management modalities, or between those modalities and the control group. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:IV, prospective observational study.
| S-EPMC7468014 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background Rotator cuff repairs (RCRs) are one of the most commonly performed shoulder surgeries in the United States. Psychological health has been shown to influence postoperative outcomes in orthopedic procedures. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between depression and anxiety (DA) and psychotropic medication and postoperative outcomes following RCR. Methods A single institution retrospective observational cohort study of 816 patients undergoing arthroscopic RCR from January 2014 to October 2020 was conducted. Univariate statistics were used to assess differences in demographics, operative characteristics, and postoperative outcomes; multivariate analysis was used to evaluate risk factors for postoperative complications. Results Patients with DA were more likely to have a higher first (3.60 vs. 3.00, P = .004) and last (1.23 vs. 0.96, P = .042) postoperative pain scores, lower first (18.67 vs. 21.85, P = .008) and last (61.87 vs. 64.71, P = .014) Upper Extremity Functional Score (UEFS), more likely to experience an emergency department visit postoperatively (9.1 vs. 5.0%, P = .028), have a symptomatic recurrent tear (8.2 vs. 3.3%, P = .003), and persistent pain (4.3 vs. 1.2%, P = .011). After controlling for age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, diabetes, smoking, coronary artery disease, asthma, hypertension, psychotropic medication and DA, having DA at the time of surgery was independently predictive of any complication (odds ratio, 2.033; P = .028) and persistent pain (odds ratio, 8.232; P ≤ .001). Patients with and without DA showed significant improvement in postoperative pain and UEFS from the first to the last measurement (P < .001). Conclusion DA is not a deterrent for RCR but targeted interventions may be needed to decrease the occurrence of complications.
| S-EPMC9637647 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rotator cuff repair, acromioplasty, and biceps tenodesis operations have become some of the most common shoulder surgical procedures, evolving from open techniques to minimally invasive arthroscopic techniques. The use of many arthroscopic portals has been associated with surgical risks to many surrounding anatomic structures. We present an arthroscopic technique using a single anterolateral working portal for rotator cuff repair, acromioplasty, distal clavicle excision, and long head of the biceps tenodesis; this technique decreases the risk of injury to the surrounding neurovascular and musculotendinous structures, enables a faster recovery, and is minimally invasive.
| S-EPMC8085508 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rotator cuff tears are a common cause for pain and reduced function. Tears of the tendons of the cuff can be a result of a degenerative process or as a consequence of trauma. Management of cuff tears are surrounded by controversy from indications for surgical management to rehabilitation protocol post-surgical repair. The aim of post surgical rehabilitation is to improve functional outcome, reduce pain and promote tendon healing. In the case of rotator cuff repair, rehabilitation can be broadly divided into early passive range of motion (EPM) and delayed range of motion (DRM). The EPM regime is defined by minimal immobilisation of the shoulder and passive mobilisation of the joint within the first post-operative period. In contrast, DRM immobilises the shoulder joint up to six weeks post-operatively. Proponents of EPM state various advantages of their rehabilitation protocol including improved range of motion and earlier return to normal activities of daily living. However, there has also been concern that this rehabilitation regime may result in an increased rate of re-rupture. Since this is a highly controversial issue, various high quality literature have been published looking to clarify which regime is best following rotator cuff surgery. Reviewing these articles, it appears that there is an increase rate of re-tear of the repaired rotator cuff tendon when the EPM regime is employed. Statistical significance however was limited by small sample sizes. Range of motion post-repair also appears to be associated with post-operative rehabilitation regime. As expected, the EPM regime has been shown to improve range of motion post-repair. Despite this, literature reports patients managed with the DPM showed a statistically better patient reported outcome measure. We conclude that based on the evidence we currently have, early range of motion post rotator cuff repair is related with an increase risk of re-tear. The DPM regime reduces this risk with the possible complication of reduced range of shoulder movement. This problem is thought to be an easier clinical issue to deal with compared to re-rupture of the repaired rotator cuff tendon. There is however lack of data to achieve statistical significance in most of these analysis. There is a definite need for a large, multi-centre single blinded randomised controlled trial to further shed light on this controversial topic.
| S-EPMC6382997 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rotator cuff repair can be associated with significant and difficult to treat postoperative pain. We aimed to evaluate the available literature and develop recommendations for optimal pain management after rotator cuff repair. A systematic review using procedure-specific postoperative pain management (PROSPECT) methodology was undertaken. Randomised controlled trials published in English from 1 January 2006 to 15 April 2019 assessing postoperative pain after rotator cuff repair using analgesic, anaesthetic or surgical interventions were identified from MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Databases. Out of 322 eligible studies identified, 59 randomised controlled trials and one systematic review met the inclusion criteria. Pre-operative and intra-operative interventions that improved postoperative pain were paracetamol, cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors, intravenous dexamethasone, regional analgesia techniques including interscalene block or suprascapular nerve block (with or without axillary nerve block) and arthroscopic surgical technique. Limited evidence was found for pre-operative gabapentin, perineural adjuncts (opioids, glucocorticoids, or α-2-adrenoceptor agonists added to the local anaesthetic solution) or postoperative transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Inconsistent evidence was found for subacromial/intra-articular injection, and for surgical technique-linked interventions, such as platelet-rich plasma. No evidence was found for stellate ganglion block, cervical epidural block, specific postoperative rehabilitation protocols or postoperative compressive cryotherapy. The analgesic regimen for rotator cuff repair should include an arthroscopic approach, paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, dexamethasone and a regional analgesic technique (either interscalene block or suprascapular nerve block with or without axillary nerve block), with opioids as rescue analgesics. Further randomised controlled trials are required to confirm the influence of the recommended analgesic regimen on postoperative pain relief.
| S-EPMC6771830 | biostudies-other
Project description:Critical shoulder angle (CSA) is the angle between the superior and inferior bone margins of the glenoid and the most lateral border of the acromion and is potentially affected during a rotator cuff tear (RCT). Acromioplasty is generally performed to rectify the anatomy of the acromion during RCT repair surgery. However, limited information is available regarding the changes in the CSA after anterolateral acromioplasty. We hypothesized that CSA can be decreased after anterolateral acromioplasty. Data were retrospectively collected from 712 patients with RCTs and underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair between January 2012 and December 2018, of which 337 patients were included in the study. The presurgical and postsurgical CSA were then determined and compared using a paired samples t test. Because previous study mentioned CSA more than 38 degrees were at risk of rotator cuff re-tear, patients were segregated into two groups: CSA < 38° and CSA ≥ 38°; these groups were compared using an independent-samples t test. These 337 participants (160 male and 177 female) presented a CSA of 38.4° ± 6.0° before anterolateral acromioplasty, which significantly decreased to 35.8° ± 5.9° after surgery (P < .05). Before surgery, 172 patients were present in the CSA ≥ 38° group and 57 were preset in the CSA < 38° group after surgery. The CSA decreased significantly in the CSA ≥ 38° group rather than in the CSA < 38° group (P < .05). In conclusion, the CSA can be effectively decreased through anterolateral acromioplasty, and this reduction in the CSA is more significant among individuals with CSA ≥ 38° than among those with CSA < 38°, indicating that acromioplasty is recommended along with RCT repair especially among individuals with a wide presurgical CSA.
| S-EPMC8245121 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rotator cuff tears are a common cause of shoulder disability and pain. Excellent outcomes can be obtained with surgical treatment although this outcome is affected by several factors. We sought to investigate the effect of hand dominance on subjective functional outcome post rotator cuff repair.All patients who had rotator cuff repair over a calendar year were identified and followed up at 3 years post operatively. Patients were consented for inclusion in the study and demographic data, hand dominance and functional outcome data was collected. L'insalata shoulder questionnaire was used for outcome data collection. SPSS version 22 was used for statistical analysis where appropriate.144 patients were included in this study. Mean age was 63 +/- 10.1 years in the dominant side group and 62 +/- 8.6 years in the non-dominant group. 92 patients had dominant side surgery and 52 had non-dominant side surgery. There was a statistically significant correlation between dominant hand and operated side (P=0.005). The mean overall outcome score was marginally higher in the dominant surgery group with a mean of 89.8 +/- 14.2 compared with a mean of 87.4 +/- 17.5 in the non-dominant group. Multi-variate linear regression analysis revealed this difference to be non-significant (p = 0.4).No difference was found in the functional outcome of rotator cuff repair between dominant and non-dominant side surgery. This information will help in counselling patients who are concerned about the potential impact of rotator cuff repair on the function of their dominant hand.
| S-EPMC5543698 | biostudies-other
Project description:PURPOSE:Suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) is the most commonly used block for the relief of postoperative pain from arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and can be used in combination with axillary nerve block (ANB). Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a type of alpha agonist that can elongate the duration of regional block. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the use of dexmedetomidine combined with SSNB and ANB with those of the use of SSNB and ANB alone on postoperative pain, satisfaction, and pain-related cytokines within the first 48 h after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. METHODS:Forty patients with rotator cuff tears who had undergone arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were enrolled in this single-center, double-blinded randomized controlled trial study. Twenty patients were randomly allocated to group 1 and received ultrasound-guided SSNB and ANB using a mixture of 0.5 ml (50 ?g) of DEX and 9.5 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine preemptively. The other 20 patients were allocated to group 2 and underwent ultrasound-guided SSNB and ANB alone using a mixture of 0.5 ml of normal saline and 9.5 ml of ropivacaine. The visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and patient satisfaction (SAT) scores were postoperatively checked within 48 h. The plasma interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1?, cortisol, and serotonin levels were also postoperatively measured within 48 h. RESULTS:Group 1 showed a significantly lower mean VAS (visual analog scale of pain) score 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after operation, and a significantly higher mean SAT (patient satisfaction) score 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 h after the operation than group 2. Group 1 showed a significantly lower mean plasma IL-8 level 1 and 48 h after the operation, and a significantly lower mean IL-1? level 48 h after the operation than group 2. Group 1 showed a significantly lower mean plasma serotonin level 12 h after the operation than group 2. The mean timing of rebound pain in group 1 was significantly later than that in group 2 (36 h?>?23 h, p?=?0.007). Six patients each in groups 1 and 2 showed rebound pain. The others did not show rebound pain. CONCLUSIONS:Ultrasound-guided SSNA and ANB with DEX during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair resulted in a significantly lower mean VAS score and a significantly higher mean SAT score within 48 h after the operation than SSNB and ANB alone. Additionally, SSNB and ANB with DEX tended to result in a later mean timing of rebound pain accompanied by significant changes in IL-8, IL-1?, and serotonin levels within 48 h after the operation. The present study could provide the basis for selecting objective parameters of postoperative pain in deciding the optimal use of medication for relieving pain. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Level I. TRIAL REGISTRATION:2015-20, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04398589. IRB NUMBER:2015-20, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital.
| S-EPMC7517062 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo evaluate the reoperations, complications, and costs up to 5 years following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) alone, with acromioplasty (acro), with biceps tenodesis (BT), or with both acro and BT.MethodsWe queried the MarketScan database to identify patients who underwent RCR from 2007 to 2016. Patients were stratified into groups based on concomitant procedures (acro and/or BT) performed on the same day as index RCR. Reoperations, complications, and costs were followed for 5 years post-index procedure. Patients without laterality codes were excluded. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to control for confounding factors.ResultsThis study identified 147,838 patients (mean age, 53.1 years; standard deviation, 8.3 years) who underwent primary RCR. Patients were stratified into 4 groups: (1) RCR only, (2) RCR + acro, (3) RCR + BT, and (4) RCR + acro + BT. Patients in the RCR only group experienced the highest rate of unadjusted overall postoperative complications (17.2%) versus the other groups (RCR + acro 16.4%, RCR + BT 15.1%, RCR + acro + BT 16.2%, P < .0161). The RCR only group also experienced a significantly greater number of reoperations on the ipsilateral shoulder (P < .0001), whereas the RCR + acro + BT had the highest costs at all timepoints. In the regression analysis, there was no significant differences between complications and reoperations between any groups. After adjusting for covariates, the performance of a BT with an RCR and acromioplasty led to increased costs (odds ratio, 1.47, 1.37-1.59, P < .001).ConclusionsConcomitant biceps tenodesis does lead to higher total healthcare costs, both in the shorter and longer terms. When adjusting for confounding factors, the performance of concomitant biceps tenodesis with rotator cuff repair does not lead to a difference in postoperative complication rate or risk for revision surgery.Level of evidenceLevel IV, economic analysis.
| S-EPMC7451851 | biostudies-literature