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Complications and Surgical Treatment of Breast Augmentation Using Autologous Fat Transfer and Fillers.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Breast augmentation with autologous fat grafting or hyaluronic acid injection requires minimal loss of healthy tissue. With an increasing trend of breast augmentation with these fillers, accompanying complications have also increased. Patients with complications often complain of induration, cyst formation, calcification, and infection, which require surgical treatment. We will discuss these complications and their surgical treatment through our experience of cases.

Methods

This retrospective study included 20 patients who all required surgical treatment due to breast augmentation complications such as induration, cyst formation, calcification, and infection, and who visited us between May 2007 and June 2018. The patients' ages ranged from 25 to 63, and the mean age was 39.9. The material used for breast augmentation was fat for 17 cases, and hyaluronic acid, paraffin, and silicon for one case each. The results were analyzed through plastic surgeons at our hospital.

Results

We performed a zigzag incision in the peri-areola margin to 17 of 18 patients for complications of autologous fat grafting and hyaluronic acid injection. The one excluded patient required an adipo-fascial flap from an inframammary fold incision. For one patient with silicon injection complication and one patient with paraffin injection complication, each required mammary gland resection.

Conclusions

A zigzag incision in the peri-areolar margin was useful for treating complications of breast augmentation with autologous fat grafting and hyaluronic acid injection. All cases resulted in inconspicuous fine scars, with high patient satisfaction. However, this incision was insufficient to remove injected silicon and paraffin.

SUBMITTER: Sakai S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8367042 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Background Autogenous fat grafting (AFG) is a well-known procedure utilized in addition to breast augmentation (BA) to improve breast appearance. Plastic surgeons usually estimate the ideal AFG volume relying on their personal experience based on similar previous cases: inaccurate predictions could result in incorrect evaluation of donor sites and even needless fat transfer. The purpose of this paper is to describe and prove the validity of our surgical technique and provide a simple and easy-to-use mathematical formula to assess the adequate proportion, between the volume of the implants and of the AFG, in order to obtain a natural shape and a proper volume in BA. Methods One hundred and twenty-two patients (244 breasts) were subjected to primary/secondary hybrid BA (HBA). A formula was utilized to assess the volume of fat graft. Data about their age, body mass index (BMI), incision and implants were collected. Follow-up for analysis was fixed at less than 15 days, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months for analysis. Preoperative photographs were compared with postoperative at 12 months. Pre and postoperative Breast-Q© were administered to every patient. A statistical analysis was performed comparing Breast-Q© preoperative means with postoperative ones through t-student test. We globally defined the patients as follows: “very dissatisfied” if total score 0–25; “somewhat dissatisfied”, score 26–50; “somewhat satisfied”, score 51–75; “very satisfied”, score 76–100. Results All patients received Ergonomix-style Motiva Smooth/SilkSurface with low/high projection (range, 120–225 mL, mean 170 mL) and an average AFG volume of 600 mL (range, 480–720 mL). Breast-Q© analysis showed a statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative modules; 122 (100%) patients were “very satisfied”. Thirteen cases of complications presented in 12 patients (10.65%): 5 hypertrophic scarring (4.09%), 3 wound dehiscence (2.46%), 3 hematomas (2.46%), 1 seroma (0.82%), 1 fat necrosis (0.82%). Conclusions Our surgical technique proves low complication rate and short recovery times. Our mathematical formula to calculate the AFG seems to be both predictive and a precise guide for surgical decision-making in planning the treatment of patients candidated for HBA. In fact, the analysis of Breast-Q© questionnaires shows a high grade of satisfaction among patients. Further investigations should be performed in order to study a wider population and different type of implants.