Morocco as a possible source for acquisition of Rhinocladiella mackenziei.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Lafont Rapnouil B
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8376069 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:A case of chromoblastomycosis of the hand caused by Rhinocladiella aquaspersa is described. The case was acquired locally in tropical Venezuela and was successfully treated with oral itraconazole.
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Project description:BackgroundThe excessive use of polystyrene as a packaging material has resulted in a rise in environmental pollution. Polystyrene waste has continually increased water pollution, soil pollution and the closing of landfill sites since it is durable and resistant to biodegradation. Therefore, the challenge in polystyrene disposal has caused researchers to look for urgent innovative and eco-friendly solutions for plastic degradation. The current study focuses on the isolation and identification of bacteria produced by the larvae of beetle Tenebrio molitor (yellow mealworms), that enable them to survive when fed with polystyrene foam as their sole carbon diet.Materials and methodsThe biodegradation of polystyrene by Tenebrio molitor was investigated by breeding and rearing the mealworms in the presence and absence of polystyrene. A comparison was made between those fed with a normal diet and those fed on polystyrene. The mealworms which were fed with polystyrene were then dissected and the guts were collected to isolate and identify the bacteria in their guts. The viability and metabolic activity of the isolates were investigated. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequencing was used for molecular identification of the isolates. The PCR products were directly sequenced using Sanger's method and the phylogenetic tree and molecular evolutionary analyses were constructed using MEGAX software with the Neighbour Joining algorithm. The evolutionary distances were computed using the Maximum Composite Likelihood method.ResultsThe decrease in mass of the polystyrene as feedstock confirmed that the mealworms were depending on polystyrene as their sole carbon diet. The frass egested by mealworms also confirmed the biodegradation of polystyrene as it contained very tiny residues of polystyrene. Three isolates were obtained from the mealworms guts, and all were found to be gram-negative. The sequencing results showed that the isolates were Klebsiella oxytoca ATCC 13182, Klebsiella oxytoca NBRC 102593 and Klebsiella oxytoca JCM 1665.ConclusionKlebsiella oxytoca ATCC 13182, Klebsiella oxytoca NBRC 102593 and Klebsiella oxytoca JCM 1665 maybe some of the bacteria responsible for polystyrene biodegradation.
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Project description:This study was conducted in order to know the colonization rate of MDR enterobacteria in neonates during their hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Furthermore, we investigated risk factors for potential colonization and molecular epidemiology of isolated resistant bacteria. This prospective study was carried out in the neonatology and intensive care unit department of the University Hospital of Fez (Morocco) from February 2013 to July 2015. All consecutive admitted newborns were screened for intestinal and nasal carriage of MDR enterobacteria at admission of the babies and during the hospitalization. During the study period, a total of 641 Enterobacteriaceae were isolated and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominated bacteria. Bacterial identification and antibiograms were performed according to the international standards. On admission, 455 newborns were screened. A median age of these newborns was 1 day with an extended 147 days and their average weight was 2612 ± 1023 grams. 22.4% of neonates were found colonized by an ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E), 8.7% by a carbapenemases producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). During hospitalization, 207 of newborns were included in the acquisition study. 59.4% of newborns acquired an ESBL-E during their stay, 12.5% has acquired CPE. The blaCTXM-15 gene was the most frequently detected (81.2%) among ESBL-E. While, all CPE has expressed the blaOXA-48 gene exclusively. Two risk factors have been significantly associated with MDR enterobacteria colonization at admission which are newborns admission from maternity of the university hospital (95% CI, 1.859-5.129, P = 0.000) and neurological distress (95% CI, 1.038 to 4.694, P = 0.040). During hospitalization, the none risk factor was significantly associated with the carriage of MDR-E. The high rate of colonization, the MDR enterobacteria and the resistance genes found represent good indicator of cross-transmission in the NICU. An active strategy to control the spread of MDR enterobacteria should be applied.
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