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Effect of aerobic and resistance exercise on the mitochondrial peptide MOTS-c in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White breast cancer survivors.

ABSTRACT: MOTS-c is a mitochondrial derived peptide with exercise mimetic activity that elicits beneficial effects on metabolism and exercise capacity. Furthermore, MOTS-c effects in humans are affected by race, potentially via ethnic-specific mtDNA variations. Women treated for breast cancer are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity, due to side effects of cancer-treatments. We conducted a secondary analysis of the effects of a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on MOTS-c in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White breast cancer survivors (BCS). BCS (Stage I-III) were randomized to exercise or standard care. The intervention promoted aerobic and resistance exercise for 16 weeks. MOTS-c was analyzed in fasting plasma using an in-house ELISA. Within and between group differences were assessed by paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Pearson's correlation was computed to assess the association between MOTS-c and metabolic biomarkers at baseline and post-exercise. Twenty-five Hispanic-BCS and 24 non-Hispanic White BCS were included. Hispanic BCS were younger, of greater adiposity, had higher stage cancers, and had worse metabolic profiles at baseline compared to non-Hispanic White BCS (p < 0.001). Post-exercise, MOTS-c levels significantly increased when compared to baseline and the usual care group among non-Hispanic White BCS (p < 0.01) but not among Hispanic breast cancer survivors (p > 0.01). Post-exercise levels of MOTS-c among non-Hispanic White BCS were significantly associated with reductions in fat mass, body weight, HOMA-IR, CRP, and an increase in lean mass (p < 0.01). A 16-week aerobic and resistance intervention increased MOTS-c levels among non-Hispanic White BCS. Trial registration: This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01140282 as of June 9, 2010. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01140282 .

SUBMITTER: Dieli-Conwright CM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8376922 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundExercise can profoundly affect physical fitness and quality of life in breast cancer survivors; however, few studies have focused on minorities. This secondary analysis examines Hispanic ethnicity as a moderator of the effects of a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on physical fitness and quality of life in breast cancer survivors.MethodsEligible breast cancer survivors (n = 100) were randomized to exercise (n = 50) or usual care (n = 50). The exercise intervention consisted of supervised moderate-vigorous aerobic and resistance exercise thrice weekly for 16 weeks. Physical fitness and quality of life were measured at baseline, post-intervention, and 28-week follow-up (exercise only). Linear mixed-models adjusted for baseline value of the outcome, age, disease stage, adjuvant treatment, and recent physical activity were used to evaluate effect modification by ethnicity.ResultsThe study sample included 57% Hispanic and 43% non-Hispanic breast cancer survivors. Hispanic breast cancer survivors were younger, less fit, and diagnosed with more advanced cancers compared with non-Hispanic breast cancer survivors (p < 0.001). Ethnicity was found to moderate the effects of exercise training on all physical fitness and quality-of-life measures including VO2max (8.4 mL/kg/min; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 3.2 to 13.4), physical well-being (12.3; 95% CI 4.2 to 18.4), and emotional well-being (11.4; 95% CI 5.9 to 15.5). In all cases, Hispanics experienced larger benefits than non-Hispanics.ConclusionsHispanic breast cancer survivors have poorer cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and quality-of-life and therefore may derive larger benefits from exercise than non-Hispanic breast cancer survivors. Clinical exercise interventions may attenuate existing health disparities among minority breast cancer survivors.Implication of cancer survivorsHere we report psychosocial and fitness-related disparities among Hispanic breast cancer survivors when compared with their non-Hispanic counterparts. Our exercise intervention highlights the importance of exercise for minority cancer survivors and the need for distinct, culturally tailored exercise intervention approaches to reduce psychosocial and fitness-related disparities among this understudied population of cancer survivors.

Project description:PurposeTo determine the associations between ethnicity, age at diagnosis, obesity, multimorbidity, and odds of experiencing breast cancer (BC) treatment-related side effects among long-term Hispanic and non-Hispanic white (NHW) survivors from New Mexico and explore differences by tamoxifen use.MethodsLifestyle and clinical information including self-reported tamoxifen use and presence of treatment- related side effects were collected at follow-up interviews (12-15 years) for 194 BC survivors. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine associations between predictors and odds of experiencing side effects overall and by tamoxifen use.ResultsWomen ranged in age at diagnosis (30-74, M = 49.3, SD = 9.37), most were NHW (65.4%) and had in-situ or localized BC (63.4%). Less than half reportedly used tamoxifen (44.3%), of which 59.3% reported using > 5 years. Overall, survivors who were overweight/obese at follow-up were 5.42 times more likely to experience treatment-related pain (95% CI 1.40-21.0) compared to normal weight survivors. Survivors with multimorbidity, compared to survivors without, were more likely to report treatment-related sexual health issues (aOR 6.90, 95% CI 1.43-33.2) and poorer mental health (aOR 4.51, 95% CI 1.06-19.1). The statistical interactions between ethnicity and overweight/obese with tamoxifen use were significant (p-interaction < 0.05) for treatment-related sexual health issues.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that survivors with overweightness/obesity or multimorbidity may be more likely to experience BC treatment-related side effects. Tamoxifen use modifies associations between ethnicity, being overweight/obese, and sexual health issues following treatment. The likelihood of experiencing treatment-related side effects were more favorable for those on tamoxifen or those who had used tamoxifen for longer durations. These findings highlight the importance of fostering side effect awareness and applying appropriate interventions to assist with disease management throughout BC survivorship care.

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Effect of aerobic and resistance exercise on the mitochondrial peptide MOTS-c in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White breast cancer survivors.

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