Dataset Information

Nitrous oxide fluxes and soil nitrogen contents over eight years in four cropping systems designed to meet both environmental and production goals: A French field nitrogen data set.

ABSTRACT: With the development of agroecosystem approaches, new cropping systems have to be designed to deliver multiple ecosystem services. In this context, we assessed four innovative cropping systems, designed to reach multiple environmental and production goals, in a long-term field experiment (2009-2020) at Grignon (France, N 48.84°, E 1.95°). A wide range of measurements were made, for nutrient cycles and organic matter in particular, for an analysis of interactions occurring during the emissions of greenhouse gases. We focus here on nitrogen (N) data collected over eight years (2009-2016). The data include: nitrous oxide fluxes (N₂O), soil N contents (NO₃ ^- and NH₄ ⁺), aboveground plant N content and biomass at maturity, yield, agricultural practices including N spreading, and climate. The four systems differ in terms of tillage practices, N inputs, and species, which is likely to affect soil N. Field data were collected and N₂O fluxes were calculated. These original new cropping systems are innovating, resulting in new combinations of agricultural practices. The data obtained could be used to improve models for parameterization and validation, and to increase the predictive accuracy of models of N losses in original conditions.

SUBMITTER: Colnenne-David C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8379275 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Few studies have assessed the common, yet unproven, hypothesis that an increase of plant nitrogen (N) uptake and/or recovery efficiency (NRE) will reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) emission during crop production. Understanding the relationships between N2O emissions and crop N uptake and use efficiency parameters can help inform crop N management recommendations for both efficiency and environmental goals. Analyses were conducted to determine which of several commonly used crop N uptake-derived parameters related most strongly to growing season N2O emissions under varying N management practices in North American maize systems. Nitrogen uptake-derived variables included total aboveground N uptake (TNU), grain N uptake (GNU), N recovery efficiency (NRE), net N balance (NNB) in relation to GNU [NNB(GNU)] and TNU [NNB(TNU)], and surplus N (SN). The relationship between N2O and N application rate was sigmoidal with relatively small emissions for N rates <130 kg ha-1, and a sharp increase for N rates from 130 to 220 kg ha-1; on average, N2O increased linearly by about 5 g N per kg of N applied for rates up to 220 kg ha-1. Fairly strong and significant negative relationships existed between N2O and NRE when management focused on N application rate (r2 = 0.52) or rate and timing combinations (r2 = 0.65). For every percentage point increase, N2O decreased by 13 g N ha-1 in response to N rates, and by 20 g N ha-1 for NRE changes in response to rate-by-timing treatments. However, more consistent positive relationships (R2 = 0.73-0.77) existed between N2O and NNB(TNU), NNB(GNU), and SN, regardless of rate and timing of N application; on average N2O emission increased by about 5, 7, and 8 g N, respectively, per kg increase of NNB(GNU), NNB(TNU), and SN. Neither N source nor placement influenced the relationship between N2O and NRE. Overall, our analysis indicated that a careful selection of appropriate N rate applied at the right time can both increase NRE and reduce N2O. However, N2O reduction benefits of optimum N rate-by-timing practices were achieved most consistently with management systems that reduced NNB through an increase of grain N removal or total plant N uptake relative to the total fertilizer N applied to maize. Future research assessing crop or N management effects on N2O should include N uptake parameter measurements to better understand N2O emission relationships to plant NRE and N uptake.

Dataset Information

Nitrous oxide fluxes and soil nitrogen contents over eight years in four cropping systems designed to meet both environmental and production goals: A French field nitrogen data set.

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