Dataset Information

Microendoscopic calcium imaging of the primary visual cortex of behaving macaques.

ABSTRACT: In vivo calcium imaging with genetically encoded indicators has recently been applied to macaque brains to monitor neural activities from a large population of cells simultaneously. Microendoscopic calcium imaging combined with implantable gradient index lenses captures neural activities from deep brain areas with a compact and convenient setup; however, this has been limited to rodents and marmosets. Here, we developed miniature fluorescent microscopy to image neural activities from the primary visual cortex of behaving macaques. We found tens of clear fluorescent signals from three of the six brain hemispheres. A subset of these neurons showed clear retinotopy and orientation tuning. Moreover, we successfully decoded the stimulus orientation and tracked the cells across days. These results indicate that microendoscopic calcium imaging is feasible and reasonable for investigating neural circuits in the macaque brain by monitoring fluorescent signals from a large number of neurons.

SUBMITTER: Oguchi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8382832 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Microendoscopic calcium imaging of the primary visual cortex of behaving macaques.

Oguchi Mineki M Jiasen Jiang J Yoshioka Toshihide W TW Tanaka Yasuhiro R YR Inoue Kenichi K Takada Masahiko M Kikusui Takefumi T Nomoto Kensaku K Sakagami Masamichi M

Scientific reports 20210823 1

In vivo calcium imaging with genetically encoded indicators has recently been applied to macaque brains to monitor neural activities from a large population of cells simultaneously. Microendoscopic calcium imaging combined with implantable gradient index lenses captures neural activities from deep brain areas with a compact and convenient setup; however, this has been limited to rodents and marmosets. Here, we developed miniature fluorescent microscopy to image neural activities from the primary ...[more]

PMID: 34426639

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Project description:The primary visual cortex (area V1) is an extensively studied part of the cerebral cortex with well-characterized connectivity, cellular and molecular architecture and functions (for recent reviews see Amunts and Zilles, Neuron 88:1086-1107, 2015; Casagrande and Xu, Parallel visual pathways: a comparative perspective. The visual neurosciences, MIT Press, Cambridge, pp 494-506, 2004). In humans, V1 is defined by heavily myelinated fibers arriving from the radiatio optica that form the Gennari stripe in cortical layer IV, which is further subdivided into laminae IVa, IVb, IVcα and IVcβ. Due to this unique laminar pattern, V1 represents an excellent region to test whether multimodal mass spectrometric imaging could reveal novel biomolecular markers for a functionally relevant parcellation of the human cerebral cortex. Here we analyzed histological sections of three post-mortem brains with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry imaging to investigate the distribution of lipids, proteins and metals in human V1. We identified 71 peptides of 13 different proteins by in situ tandem mass spectrometry, of which 5 proteins show a differential laminar distribution pattern revealing the border between V1 and V2. High-accuracy mass measurements identified 123 lipid species, including glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids, of which at least 20 showed differential distribution within V1 and V2. Specific lipids labeled not only myelinated layer IVb, but also IVa and especially IVc in a layer-specific manner, but also and clearly separated V1 from V2. Elemental imaging further showed a specific accumulation of copper in layer IV. In conclusion, multimodal mass spectrometry imaging identified novel biomolecular and elemental markers with specific laminar and inter-areal differences. We conclude that mass spectrometry imaging provides a promising new approach toward multimodal, molecule-based cortical parcellation.

Dataset Information

Microendoscopic calcium imaging of the primary visual cortex of behaving macaques.

Publications

Microendoscopic calcium imaging of the primary visual cortex of behaving macaques.

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