Alteration of Metabolites Accumulation in Maize Inbreds Leaf Tissue under Long-Term Water Deficit.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kravic N
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8389289 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Lavandula genus is a considerable medicinal plant in pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. Considering increasing threat of drought in the world, it is important to identify genotypes which can tolerate drought. It is also important to characterize quantity and quality of essential oils, and tolerance indicators of these genotypes against drought stress. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran, during 2017 and 2018, to investigate these factors. It was a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with two treatments, three genotypes (Lavandula angustifolia cv. Hidcote, Lavandula angustifolia cv. Munstead, and Lavandula stricta), and four levels of drought stress (irrigation regimes) (I1: 100-90% (control), I2: 80-70%, I3: 60-50% and I4: 30-40% of field capacity) which was done with three repetitions. Drought increased amount of proline in leaves, antioxidant activity, activity of catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide enzymes, malondialdehyde content, total flavonoids, total phenol, total sugar and essential oil percentage. The PCA analysis of different irrigation regimes showed that in the first component, the best traits are antioxidant enzymes CAT, SOD, APX, while in the second component, only the trait Catalase is the best trait. The results of PCA analysis in lavender genotypes showed that L. stricta exhibits the most affected physiological changes while trying to adjust to changes in the water status of the environment, under the imposed conditions and shows the highest resistance. But it reduced dry weight of aerial parts, relative water content of leaves, and efficacy of essential oil. Lavandula stricta genotype had the highest amount of essential oil, but the highest dry weight of the aerial parts and essential oil yield were related to L. angustifolia cv. Hidcote and L. angustifolia cv. Munstead genotypes. In all evaluated genotypes, with increasing drought stress, monoterpene compounds were decreased and sesquiterpene compounds were increased. Totally it was shown that drought effect on evaluated traits depends on genotype and nature of traits; this indicates that by choosing drought-tolerant genotypes in breeding programs, high quantity and quality of essential oil, as well as tolerance to drought stress can be achieved.
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Project description:Periods of soil water deficit could occur at any time during the crop season, but maize is particularly sensitive to water stress around flowering time. At this time the stress usually causes remarkable yield loss. Heading time, which is just before tassel flowering, is one of the most important stages that maize productivity would be affected severely if plants encounter water stress. The whole-genomic gene expression changes of maize plants in response to water deficit stress at this stage have not been studied. The present work utilized an Arizona Maize Oligonucleotide Array Version 1.9，which was consisted of A and B slides carrying with a total of 57,452 maize 70-mer oligonucleotides, was used to monitor gene expression profile changes in maize leaves subjected to 1 day and 7 days water-deficit stress respectively at the heading stage. Keywords: stress response
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Project description:The goal of this work was to identify transcripts in maize endosperm that are regulated by water stress and the transcription factor Vp1 Keywords: stress response
2017-04-19 | GSE7672 | GEO
Project description:In this study we test the hypothesis that maize genotypes with reduced crown root number (CN) will have greater root depth and improved water acquisition from drying soil. Maize recombinant inbred lines with contrasting CN were evaluated under water stress in greenhouse mesocosms and field rainout shelters. CN varied from 25 to 62 among genotypes. Under water stress in the mesocosms, genotypes with low CN had 31% fewer crown roots, 30% deeper rooting, 56% greater stomatal conductance, 45% greater leaf CO2 assimilation, 61% net canopy CO2 assimilation, and 55% greater shoot biomass than genotypes with high CN at 35 days after planting. Under water stress in the field, genotypes with low CN had 21% fewer crown roots, 41% deeper rooting, 48% lighter stem water oxygen isotope enrichment (δ(18)O) signature signifying deeper water capture, 13% greater leaf relative water content, 33% greater shoot biomass at anthesis, and 57% greater yield than genotypes with high CN. These results support the hypothesis that low CN improves drought tolerance by increasing rooting depth and water acquisition from the subsoil.
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Project description:Cabernet Sauvignon shoot tip total protein. Treatments were control (well-watered) versus no watering. Samples were taken at 4, 8, 12, and 16 days following start of drought stress in treatment vines. Total protein was phenol extracted and Lys-C/trypsin digested using trifluoroethanol FASP method. Total peptides analyzed by gas phase fractionation using four fractions on an LTQ XL mass spectrometer (Thermo). A protein database was compiled from three sources 10 September 2011: 1) all reviewed V. vinifera protein entries in UniProt (151 sequences); 2) V. vinifera proteins predicted by the International Grape Genome Program (29749 sequences identified by UniProt search “Taxonomy:29760 AND author:vitulo AND reviewed:no”); 3) mitochondrial proteins associated in UniProt (81 non-redundant sequences). Spectrum-peptide matching was performed with X!Tandem and the GPM Cyclone (www.thegpm.org) in automated mode using MudPit merging. The GPM Cyclone XE and X!Tandem Cyclone version 2011.12.01.1. were used. Default ion trap parameters were used with the exceptions of MS error (+3, -1 Da), the inclusion of point mutations, the inclusion of reversed sequences, and a protein expect value of -1. Approximately 27,000 spectra per sample were assigned to peptides. Normalized spectral abundance factors (NSAF) were calculated according to (7). Protein identifications were filtered and protein and peptide FDRs calculated according to (8). Protein identifications were excluded if they did not matched at least one spectrum in all three biological replicates and at least a total of six spectra among the replicates.
2013-03-25 | PXD000123 | Pride
Project description:Periods of soil water deficit could occur at any time during the crop season, but maize is particularly sensitive to water stress around flowering time. At this time the stress usually causes remarkable yield loss. Heading time, which is just before tassel flowering, is one of the most important stages that maize productivity would be affected severely if plants encounter water stress. The whole-genomic gene expression changes of maize plants in response to water deficit stress at this stage have not been studied. The present work utilized an Arizona Maize Oligonucleotide Array Version 1.9ï¼which was consisted of A and B slides carrying with a total of 57,452 maize 70-mer oligonucleotides, was used to monitor gene expression profile changes in maize leaves subjected to 1 day and 7 days water-deficit stress respectively at the heading stage. Keywords: stress response Maize (Zea mays L.) inbred line DH4866 was used in this study. Plants grew in flowerpots containing field soil under natural conditions. When the tassel spread out of the uppermost leaf, some plants were treated with drought stress for 7 days, and others were left under normal-watered conditions as control. In the period of the stress, the middle part of the top fully expanded leaves of the plants under water stress treatment and the control were taken to measure the leaf osmotic potential at different times by the Fiske® Micro-Osmometer (FISKE® ASSOCIATES, USA). And the stressed plants were watered every day to maintain a similar water-deficiency state by adjusting water supply, according to the osmotic potential of the fully expended leaf of the plants measured at 8:00 am each day. During the stress, the leaf osmotic potential of the stressed plants was hold to -0.4 to -0.5 Mpa, while the osmotic potential was -0.2 to -0.25 Mpa in the leaves of the control plants. And there were visible signs of water deficiency such as leaf rolling during the daytime, though at night the rolled leaves spread out. Maize plants were stress-treated at the beginning of heading stage. After 7 days of water deficiency by withholding water, the plants began to enter the flowering stage. The maize flag leaves were harvested after 24h (1d) and 168h ï¼7dï¼ of stress treatment, frozen in liquid nitrogen immediately and stored at -80â for further analysis. Unstressed plants as controls were harvested at the same time as the stressed plants. One sample consisted of the leaves from three independent plants under the same condition. Total RNA was isolated as McCarty (1986) described from the frozen samples. For each sample, 100ïg of total RNA was transcribed into cDNA and fluorescently labeled with Cy3 and Cy5 dyes using the SuperScript indirect cDNA labeling system (INVITROGEN, USA) according to the manufacturerâs instructions. The Cy3 and Cy5 labels were swapped between sample and control cDNA to minimize any possible impact of inequalities in DNA incorporation and photobleaching of the fluorescent dyes. Hybridizations were performed according to the protocols at the website of the Maize Oligonucleotide Array Project. Two technical replicates (dye-swap experiments) for each biological sample from two independent treatments were performed.
2010-05-26 | E-GEOD-10596 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Availability of multiple-stress tolerant maize is critical for improvement in maize production in West and Central Africa (WCA). A study was carried out to (i) assess a set of inbred lines for combining ability under stressed and optimal conditions, (ii) determine the performance of the testcrosses under different conditions, and (iii) identify outstanding hybrids across the conditions. Two hundred and five testcrosses were planted with five hybrid checks under Striga-infested, low soil nitrogen, drought and optimal conditions between 2015 and 2016 in Nigeria. The grain yield inheritance under optimal condition was largely regulated by additive gene effect whereas non-additive gene effects largely regulated grain yield under the three stresses. Four of the inbreds had significant positive general combining ability effects each under low N and drought, and three under Striga infestation for grain yield. The inbreds could be vital sources of beneficial alleles for development and improvement of tropical yellow maize hybrids and populations. Hybrids TZEI 443 x ENT 13 and TZEI 462 x TZEI 10 were high yielding and stable; they out-performed the three early maturing released hybrids in WCA. The new hybrids should be extensively assessed and released in the sub-region to improve food security.
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Project description:The goal of this work was to identify transcripts in maize endosperm that are regulated by water stress and the transcription factor Vp1 Keywords: stress response Plants were grown from F1 hybrid seed produced from inbreds W22 and ACR5855, where both inbred parents contributed mutant vp1-R alleles. Florets were fertilized with pollen from either homozygous vp1 pollen, thus creating vp1/vp1/vp1 mutant endosperms, or Vp1 pollen, thus creating Vp1/vp1/vp1 endosperms. Water stress treatment was imposed by withholding irrigation at 5 days after pollination; endosperms were sampled at 10 d after pollination. The study had 2 X 2 factorial design with two genotypes and two watering treatments; there were 6 biological replicates.
2017-04-19 | E-GEOD-7672 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Epigenetic variation describes heritable differences that are not attributable to changes in DNA sequence. There is the potential for pure epigenetic variation that occurs in the absence of any genetic change or for more complex situations that involve both genetic and epigenetic differences. Methylation of cytosine residues provides one mechanism for the inheritance of epigenetic information. A genome-wide profiling of DNA methylation in two different genotypes of Zea mays (ssp. mays), an organism with a complex genome of interspersed genes and repetitive elements, allowed the identification and characterization of examples of natural epigenetic variation. The distribution of DNA methylation was profiled using immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA followed by hybridization to a high-density tiling microarray. The comparison of the DNA methylation levels in the two genotypes, B73 and Mo17, allowed for the identification of approximately 700 differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Several of these DMRs occur in genomic regions that are apparently identical by descent in B73 and Mo17 suggesting that they may be examples of pure epigenetic variation. The methylation levels of the DMRs were further studied in a panel of near-isogenic lines to evaluate the stable inheritance of the methylation levels and to assess the contribution of cis- and trans- acting information to natural epigenetic variation. The majority of DMRs that occur in genomic regions without genetic variation are controlled by cis-acting differences and exhibit relatively stable inheritance. This study provides evidence for naturally occurring epigenetic variation in maize, including examples of pure epigenetic variation that is not conditioned by genetic differences. The epigenetic differences are variable within maize populations and exhibit relatively stable trans-generational inheritance. The detected examples of epigenetic variation, including some without tightly linked genetic variation, may contribute to complex trait variation.
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Project description:Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stresses, under which the crop yield is significantly reduced. Elite winter wheat cultivar Henong 341 (Triticum aestivum L.) was grown in experimental fields of China Hebei province (116°37′23″E, 37°41′02″N) Two different treatment conditions were designed: rain-fed (no water irrigation) and well-watered (water irrigation) conditions at jointing and flowering stages. Each treatment included three biological replicates and each plot was 25m2. In this study, a comprehensive phosphoproteomic analysis of developing grains of 26th day after flowering (DAF) in Chinese bread wheat cultivar Henong 341 under well-watered and water-deficit conditions was performed by means of TiO2 enrichment, LC/MS/MS analysis, and Label-free peptide-intensity quantification. Under well-watered conditions, a total of 590 unique phosphopeptides corresponding to 603 nonredundant phosphorylation sites, representing 471 phosphoproteins, were identified. While under water deficit, 63 unique phosphopeptides, corresponding to 61 phosphoproteins, were found to be differently regulated in phosphorylation status compared to well-watered conditions (≥2 fold intensities).
2016-07-09 | PXD000806 | Pride