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Long Distance Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from Contaminated Cold Chain Products to Humans - Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China, September 2020.

ABSTRACT: What is already known about this topic?

SUBMITTER: Ma H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8393170 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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COVID-19 Outbreak Caused by Contaminated Packaging of Imported Cold-Chain Products - Liaoning Province, China, July 2020.

Project description:What is known about this topic?

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Gender difference in the characteristics of and high-risk behaviours among non-injecting heterosexual methamphetamine users in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing risk of HIV infections, few studies concerning the characteristics of non-injecting heterosexual methamphetamine (MA) users and related risk behaviours have been conducted in China. METHODS: Gender differences in socio-demographic characteristics, perception of MA and STD/HIV, MA use practices, and sexual behaviours related to MA use were examined among 398 non-injecting heterosexual MA users (288 males, 110 females). RESULTS: Male MA users were more likely to be married, local, and self-employed; female MA users were more likely to be young, single, engaged in commercial service or unemployed. Female MA users usually start MA use at an earlier age than males (24.3 vs. 31.3 years old), with shorter abuse durations (2.6 vs. 2.9 years), higher frequency of MA use (3.6 vs. 2.4 times per week), and higher likelihood of using MA with heterosexual partners (100% vs. 78.1%). More male MA users have had multiple sex partners (96.9% vs. 77.3%) and sex exchanges (72.9% vs. 46.4%). Among 277 males who had had sex with commercial sex workers (CSW), 69.4% never used condoms, and among 77 males who had had sex with multiple partners who are commercial sex workers and always or usually used condoms, 87.0% never changed condoms when changing partners. CONCLUSION: There may be gender difference in the characteristics of high-risk behaviours among non-injecting heterosexual MA users. The findings suggest the integration of specific risk reduction strategies into intervention programs for non-injecting heterosexual MA user populations may significantly improve program goals.

| S-EPMC3585885 | biostudies-other

Air quality improvement assessment and exposure risk of Shandong Province in China during 2014 to 2020.

Project description:As one of the most polluted provinces in China, air pollution events occur frequently in Shandong. Based on the hourly (or daily) concentrations of six air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2 and CO), the situations of air quality improvement in three kinds of cities (key cities, coastal cities and general cities) are assessed comprehensively during 2014-2020. Contrary to the daily maximum 8-h average ozone (MDA8 O3), the annual average concentrations of other pollutants show the downward trends during 2014-2020. Therein, the improvement rates of annual average concentrations of air pollutants in key cities are highest. By 2020, the day proportions of O3 as the primary pollutant are up to 38% in three kinds of cities. Besides, due to the impact of COVID-19, the monthly average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2 and CO in February 2020 decrease by 32.1-49.5% year-on-year. There are still about 50% of population exposed to high-risk regions (R i > 2), which are mainly concentrated in main urban areas and industrial areas. Thus, the adjustment of industrial structure and energy composition in the context of carbon peak and carbon neutrality should be implemented in the future.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13762-022-04651-5.

| S-EPMC9761030 | biostudies-literature

Epidemiological survey of PRRS and genetic variation analysis of the ORF5 gene in Shandong Province, 2020-2021.

Project description:Since the rise of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in China, mutations have occurred regularly. In particular, the emergence of HP-PRRSV has significantly improved the pathogenicity of PRRSV. It has brought huge economic losses to the Chinese pig farming industry. To understand the current prevalence and evolution of PRRSV in Shandong Province, 1,344 samples suspected of having PRRSV were collected from local hog farms of different sizes. Genetic variation in the isolated PRRSV ORF5 gene was analyzed using the RT-PCR method. The results showed that the detection rate of PRRSV in the collected samples was 25.44%. The predominant strain of PRRSV in Shandong Province is still NADC30-like. However, it cannot be ignored that NADC34-like is also starting to become a prevalent strain. Mutations in ORF5 amino acids 13, 151 and neutralizing epitope (aa36-aa52) in some isolates can cause changes in virulence and ability to escape immunity. This study enriches the epidemiological data on PRRSV in Shandong Province, China. It provides an important reference for the development of new vaccines and for the prevention and control of PRRSV.

| S-EPMC9521713 | biostudies-literature

In the Limelight: September 2020.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC7449886 | biostudies-literature

Cysticercosis in Shandong Province, Eastern China.

Project description:We analyzed demographic and clinical data and estimated the incidence of cysticercosis in Shandong Province, China, during 1975-2014. Our analyses showed that a cysticercosis-endemic area is present in Shandong Province, especially in its western regions. Improved surveillance and control are needed to address the elevated risk for cysticercosis in this region.

| S-EPMC5782879 | biostudies-literature

Coxsackievirus B3, Shandong Province, China, 1990-2010.

Project description:To determine the cause of a 2008 outbreak of aseptic meningitis in Shandong Province, China, we analyzed samples from outbreak patients and coxsackievirus B3 samples collected during 1990-2010 surveillance. The cause of the outbreak was coxsackievirus B3, genogroup D. Frequent travel might increase importation of other coxsackievirus B3 genogroups.

| S-EPMC3559141 | biostudies-literature

A Reemergent Case of COVID-19 - Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China, April 9, 2020.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC8393057 | biostudies-literature

The Initial Case of COVID-19 - Shulan City, Jilin Province, China, May 8, 2020.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC8393060 | biostudies-literature

Timely epidemic monitoring in the presence of reporting delays: anticipating the COVID-19 surge in New York City, September 2020.

Project description:BackgroundDuring a fast-moving epidemic, timely monitoring of case counts and other key indicators of disease spread is critical to an effective public policy response.MethodsWe describe a nonparametric statistical method, originally applied to the reporting of AIDS cases in the 1980s, to estimate the distribution of reporting delays of confirmed COVID-19 cases in New York City during the late summer and early fall of 2020.ResultsDuring August 15-September 26, the estimated mean delay in reporting was 3.3 days, with 87% of cases reported by 5 days from diagnosis. Relying upon the estimated reporting-delay distribution, we projected COVID-19 incidence during the most recent 3 weeks as if each case had instead been reported on the same day that the underlying diagnostic test had been performed. Applying our delay-corrected estimates to case counts reported as of September 26, we projected a surge in new diagnoses that had already occurred but had yet to be reported. Our projections were consistent with counts of confirmed cases subsequently reported by November 7.ConclusionThe projected estimate of recently diagnosed cases could have had an impact on timely policy decisions to tighten social distancing measures. While the recent advent of widespread rapid antigen testing has changed the diagnostic testing landscape considerably, delays in public reporting of SARS-CoV-2 case counts remain an important barrier to effective public health policy.

| S-EPMC9058738 | biostudies-literature

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