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Proper Assignation of Reactivation in a COVID-19 Recurrence Initially Interpreted as a Reinfection.

ABSTRACT: A 77-year-old man (case R) with previous diagnosis of a mild COVID-19 episode was hospitalized 35 days later. On day 23 postadmission, he developed a second COVID-19 episode, now severe, and finally died. Initially, case R's COVID-19 recurrence was interpreted as a reinfection due to the exposure to a SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR-positive roommate. However, whole-genome sequencing indicated that case R's recurrence corresponded to a reactivation of the strain involved in his first episode. Case R's reactivation had major consequences, leading to a more severe episode, and causing subsequent transmission to another 2 hospitalized patients, 1 of them with fatal outcome.

SUBMITTER: Perez-Lago L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8394833 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Proper Assignation of Reactivation in a COVID-19 Recurrence Initially Interpreted as a Reinfection.

Pérez-Lago Laura L Martínez-Lozano Helena H Pajares Díaz Jose Antonio JA Díaz Gómez Arantxa A Machado Marina M Sola-Campoy Pedro J PJ Herranz Marta M Buenestado-Serrano Sergio S Valerio Maricela M Olmedo María M Andrés Zayas Cristina C Comas Iñaki I González Candelas Fernando F Bañares Rafael R Catalán Pilar P Muñoz Patricia P García de Viedma Darío D

The Journal of infectious diseases 20210901 5

A 77-year-old man (case R) with previous diagnosis of a mild COVID-19 episode was hospitalized 35 days later. On day 23 postadmission, he developed a second COVID-19 episode, now severe, and finally died. Initially, case R's COVID-19 recurrence was interpreted as a reinfection due to the exposure to a SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR-positive roommate. However, whole-genome sequencing indicated that case R's recurrence corresponded to a reactivation of the strain involved in his first episode. Case R's reactiv ...[more]

PMID: 34107025

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Project description:BackgroundWith the continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic, some COVID-19 patients have become reinfected with the virus. Viral gene sequencing has found that some of these patients were reinfected by the different and others by same strains. This has raised concerns about the effectiveness of immunity after infection and the reliability of vaccines. To this end, we conducted a systematic review to assess the characteristics of patients with reinfection and possible causes.MethodsA systematic search was conducted across eight databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, VIP and SinoMed from December 1, 2019 to September 1, 2021. The quality of included studies were assessed using JBI critical appraisal tools and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.ResultsThis study included 50 studies from 20 countries. There were 118 cases of reinfection. Twenty-five patients were reported to have at least one complication. The shortest duration between the first infection and reinfection was 19 days and the longest was 293 days. During the first infection and reinfection, cough (51.6% and 43.9%) and fever (50% and 30.3%) were the most common symptoms respectively. Nine patients recovered, seven patients died, and five patients were hospitalized, but 97 patients' prognosis were unknown. B.1 is the most common variant strain at the first infection. B.1.1.7, B.1.128 and B.1.351 were the most common variant strains at reinfection. Thirty-three patients were infected by different strains and 9 patients were reported as being infected with the same strain.ConclusionsOur research shows that it is possible for rehabilitated patients to be reinfected by SARS-COV-2. To date, the causes and risk factors of COVID-19 reinfection are not fully understood. For patients with reinfection, the diagnosis and management should be consistent with the treatment of the first infection. The public, including rehabilitated patients, should be fully vaccinated, wear masks in public places, and pay attention to maintaining social distance to avoid reinfection with the virus.

Dataset Information

Proper Assignation of Reactivation in a COVID-19 Recurrence Initially Interpreted as a Reinfection.

Publications

Proper Assignation of Reactivation in a COVID-19 Recurrence Initially Interpreted as a Reinfection.

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