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Knockdown of Quinolinate Phosphoribosyltransferase Results in Decreased Salicylic Acid-Mediated Pathogen Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana.

ABSTRACT: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a pivotal coenzyme that has emerged as a central hub linking redox equilibrium and signal transduction in living cells. The homeostasis of NAD is required for plant growth, development, and adaption to environmental stresses. Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT) is a key enzyme in NAD de novo synthesis pathway. T-DNA-based disruption of QPRT gene is embryo lethal in Arabidopsis thaliana. Therefore, to investigate the function of QPRT in Arabidopsis, we generated transgenic plants with decreased QPRT using the RNA interference approach. While interference of QPRT gene led to an impairment of NAD biosynthesis, the QPRT RNAi plants did not display distinguishable phenotypes under the optimal condition in comparison with wild-type plants. Intriguingly, they exhibited enhanced sensitivity to an avirulent strain of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst-avrRpt2), which was accompanied by a reduction in salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and down-regulation of pathogenesis-related genes expression as compared with the wild type. Moreover, oxidative stress marker genes including GSTU24, OXI1, AOX1 and FER1 were markedly repressed in the QPRT RNAi plants. Taken together, these data emphasized the importance of QPRT in NAD biosynthesis and immunity defense, suggesting that decreased antibacterial immunity through the alteration of NAD status could be attributed to SA- and reactive oxygen species-dependent pathways.

SUBMITTER: Li S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8395217 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:The nucleosome positioning regulates the gene expression and many other DNA-related processes in eukaryotes. Genome-wide mapping of nucleosome positions and correlation of genome-wide nucleosomal remodeling with the changes in the gene expression can help us understanding gene regulation on genome level.In the present study, we correlate the gene expression and the genomic nucleosomal remodeling in response to salicylic acid (SA) treatment in A. thaliana. We have mapped genome-wide nucleosomes by performing tiling microarray using 146 bp mononucleosomal template DNA. The average nucleosomal coverage is approximately 346 bp per nucleosome both under the control and the SA-treated conditions. The nucleosomal coverage is more in the coding region than in the 5' regulatory regions. We observe approximately 50% nucleosomal remodeling on SA treatment where significant nucleosomal depletion and nucleosomal enrichment around the transcription start site (TSS) occur in SA induced genes and SA repressed genes respectively in response to SA treatment. Especially in the case of the SA-induced group, the nucleosomal remodeling over the minimal promoter in response to SA is especially significant in the Non-expresser of PR1 (NPR1)-dependent genes. A detailed investigation of npr1-1 mutant confirms a distinct role of NPR1 in the nucleosome remodeling over the core promoter. We have also identified several motifs for various hormonal responses; including ABRE elements in the remodeled nucleosomal regions around the promoter region in the SA regulated genes. We have further identified that the W-box and TGACG/C motif, reported to play an important role in SA-mediated induction, are enriched in nucleosome free regions (NFRs) of the promoter region of the SA induced genes.This is the first study reporting genome-wide effects of SA treatment on the chromatin architecture of A. thaliana. It also reports significant role of NPR1 in genome-wide nucleosomal remodeling in response to SA.

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Knockdown of Quinolinate Phosphoribosyltransferase Results in Decreased Salicylic Acid-Mediated Pathogen Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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