Dataset Information

Altered Microbial Composition of Drug-Sensitive and Drug-Resistant TB Patients Compared with Healthy Volunteers.

ABSTRACT: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection has three discernible outcomes: active tuberculosis, latent tuberculosis, or clearance of the bacterium. The outcome of the infection depends on the interaction of the bacterium, the immune system, and the microbiome of the host. The current study uses 16S rRNA sequencing to determine the diversity and composition of the respiratory microbiome of drug-resistant and drug-sensitive tuberculosis patients as well as healthy volunteers. Tuberculosis patients exhibited increased microbial diversity and differentially abundant bacteria than healthy volunteers. Compositional differences were also observed when comparing drug-sensitive or -resistant tuberculosis patients. Finally, we defined and assessed the differences in the core sputum microbiota between tuberculosis patients and healthy volunteers. Our observations collectively suggest that in sputum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is related to altered bacterial diversity and compositional differences of core members of the microbiome, with potential implications for the bacterial pulmonary ecosystem's stability and function.

SUBMITTER: Valdez-Palomares F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8398572 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Altered Microbial Composition of Drug-Sensitive and Drug-Resistant TB Patients Compared with Healthy Volunteers.

Valdez-Palomares Fernanda F Muñoz Torrico Marcela M Palacios-González Berenice B Soberón Xavier X Silva-Herzog Eugenia E

Microorganisms 20210818 8

<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> infection has three discernible outcomes: active tuberculosis, latent tuberculosis, or clearance of the bacterium. The outcome of the infection depends on the interaction of the bacterium, the immune system, and the microbiome of the host. The current study uses 16S rRNA sequencing to determine the diversity and composition of the respiratory microbiome of drug-resistant and drug-sensitive tuberculosis patients as well as healthy volunteers. Tuberculosis patient ...[more]

PMID: 34442841

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundDiagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in children is challenging due to difficulties in obtaining good quality sputum specimens as well as the paucibacillary nature of disease. Globally a large proportion of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) cases are diagnosed based only on clinical findings. Xpert MTB/RIF, a highly sensitive and specific rapid tool, offers a promising solution in addressing these challenges. This study presents the results from pediatric groups taking part in a large demonstration study wherein Xpert MTB/RIF testing replaced smear microscopy for all presumptive PTB cases in public health facilities across India.MethodsThe study covered a population of 8.8 million across 18 programmatic sub-district level tuberculosis units (TU), with one Xpert MTB/RIF platform established at each study TU. Pediatric presumptive PTB cases (both TB and Drug Resistant TB (DR-TB)) accessing any public health facilities in study area were prospectively enrolled and tested on Xpert MTB/RIF following a standardized diagnostic algorithm.Results4,600 pediatric presumptive pulmonary TB cases were enrolled. 590 (12.8%, CI 11.8-13.8) pediatric PTB were diagnosed. Overall 10.4% (CI 9.5-11.2) of presumptive PTB cases had positive results by Xpert MTB/RIF, compared with 4.8% (CI 4.2-5.4) who had smear-positive results. Upfront Xpert MTB/RIF testing of presumptive PTB and presumptive DR-TB cases resulted in diagnosis of 79 and 12 rifampicin resistance cases, respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) for rifampicin resistance detection was high (98%, CI 90.1-99.9), with no statistically significant variation with respect to past history of treatment.ConclusionUpfront access to Xpert MTB/RIF testing in pediatric presumptive PTB cases was associated with a two-fold increase in bacteriologically-confirmed PTB, and increased detection of rifampicin-resistant TB cases under routine operational conditions across India. These results suggest that routine Xpert MTB/RIF testing is a promising solution to present-day challenges in the diagnosis of PTB in pediatric patients.

Project description:BackgroundThe relationship between brain structural changes and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia is strong. However, few studies have investigated both neuroanatomical abnormalities and cognitive dysfunction in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). We examined neuroanatomical markers and cognitive function between patients with TRS or early-stage schizophrenia (ES-S) and healthy controls (HCs). Relationships between neuroanatomical markers and cognitive function in the patient groups were also investigated.MethodsA total of 46 and 45 patients with TRS and ES-S and 61 HCs underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scanning and comprehensive cognitive tests. MRI scans were analyzed using the FreeSurfer to investigate differences in cortical surface area (CSA), cortical thickness (CT), cortical volume (CV), and subcortical volume (SCV) among the groups. Four cognitive domains (attention, verbal memory, executive function, and language) were assessed. Comparisons of neuroanatomical and cognitive function results among the three groups were performed.ResultsA widespread reduction in CT was observed in patients with TRS compared to HCs, but differences in cortical thinning between TRS and ES-S patients were mainly limited to the inferior frontal gyrus and insula. Several subcortical structures (accumbens, amygdala, hippocampus, putamen, thalamus and ventricles) were significantly altered in TRS patients compared to both ES-S patients and HCs. Performance in the verbal memory domain was significantly worse in TRS patients compared to ES-S patients. A positive relationship between the thickness of the left middle temporal gyrus and the composite score for language was identified in patients with ES-S.ConclusionsOur findings suggest significant cognitive impairment and reductions in CT and SCV in individuals with TRS compared to those with ES-S and HCs. These abnormalities could act as biomarkers for earlier identification of TRS.

Dataset Information

Altered Microbial Composition of Drug-Sensitive and Drug-Resistant TB Patients Compared with Healthy Volunteers.

Publications

Altered Microbial Composition of Drug-Sensitive and Drug-Resistant TB Patients Compared with Healthy Volunteers.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets