Dataset Information

Prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from raw vegetables retailed in Southern Thailand.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The increasing prevalence of broad-spectrum ampicillin-resistant and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, has become a global concern, with its clinical impacts on both human and veterinary medicine. This study examined the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular genetic features of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates from 10 types of raw vegetables.

Methods

In total, 305 samples were collected from 9 markets in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand, in 2020.

Results

ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were found in 14 of the 305 samples obtained from 7 out of 10 types of vegetables (4.6% of the total). Further, 14 ESBL-producing E. coli (n = 5/14) and K. pneumoniae isolates (n = 9/14) (1.6% and 3.0%, respectively) were highly sensitive to β-lactam/carbapenem antibiotics (imipenem, 100%). ESBL-producing E. coli (n = 4) and K. pneumoniae isolates (n = 8) were also sensitive to non-β-lactam aminoglycosides (amikacin, 80.00% and 88.89%, respectively). ESBL producers were most resistant to β-lactam antibiotics, including ampicillin (85.71%) and the cephalosporins cefotaxime and ceftazidime (64.29%). The most frequently detected gene in ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae was bla_SHV . However, two ESBL-producing E. coli isolates also carried three other ESBL-encoding variants, bla_TEM , bla_CTX-M1 , bla_GES and bla_TEM, bla_SHV, bla_CTX-M9 , which may be due to their association with food chains and humans.

Discussion

Indeed, our results suggest that raw vegetables are an important source of ESBL-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae, which are potentially transmittable to humans via raw vegetable intake.

SUBMITTER: Romyasamit C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8401748 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from raw vegetables retailed in Southern Thailand.

Romyasamit Chonticha C Sornsenee Phoomjai P Chimplee Siriphorn S Yuwalaksanakun Sitanun S Wongprot Dechawat D Saengsuwan Phanvasri P

PeerJ 20210825

<h4>Background</h4>The increasing prevalence of broad-spectrum ampicillin-resistant and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, has become a global concern, with its clinical impacts on both human and veterinary medicine. This study examined the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular genetic features of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli and K. pneumon ...[more]

PMID: 34527432

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Project description:Broad-spectrum ampicillin-resistant and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae that have pathological features in humans, have become a global concern. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular genetic features of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates in Southern Thailand. Between January and August 2021, samples (n = 199) were collected from a tertiary care hospital in Southern Thailand. ESBL and AmpC-lactamase genes were identified using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The genetic relationship between ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae was determined using the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) polymerase chain reaction. ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were mostly collected from catheter urine samples of infected female patients. The ESBL production prevalence was highest in the medical wards (n = 75, 37.7%), followed by that in surgical wards (n = 64, 32.2%) and operating rooms (n = 19, 9.5%). Antimicrobial susceptibility analysis revealed that all isolates were resistant to ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and cefuroxime; 79.4% were resistant to ciprofloxacin; and 64.3% were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli, blaTEM (n = 57, 72.2%) and blaCTX-M (n = 61, 50.8%) genes were prominent; however, no blaVEB, blaGES, or blaPER were found in any of these isolates. Furthermore, only ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae had co-harbored blaTEM and blaSHV genes at 11.6%. The ERIC-PCR pattern of multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing strains demonstrated that the isolates were clonally related (95%). Notably, the presence of multidrug-resistant and extremely resistant ESBL producers was 83.4% and 16.6%, respectively. This study highlights the presence of blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and co-harbored genes in ESBL-producing bacterial isolates from hospitalized patients, which are associated with considerable resistance to beta-lactamase and third-generation cephalosporins.ImportanceWe advocate for evidence-based guidelines and antimicrobial stewardship programs to encourage rational and appropriate antibiotic use, ultimately reducing the selection pressure for drug-resistant bacteria and lowering the likelihood of ESBL-producing bacterial infections.

Project description:Background. Klebsiella pneumoniae is part of the ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, K. pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp.) group of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. K. pneumoniae is the leading cause of antimicrobial resistance-associated mortality and the second leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSIs), globally and in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, it was aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns of K. pneumoniae isolated from blood cultures of patients with features of sepsis at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda. Methods. The cross-sectional study on patients with features of sepsis utilized K. pneumoniae (n=30) isolated from positive blood culture specimens. The antibiotic resistance profile was determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute's Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, which was used to classify the isolates as susceptible, intermediate and resistant. K. pneumoniae isolates that were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins were subjected to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) screening and confirmation using the double-disc synergy test using cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime-clavulanic acid and ceftazidime-clavulanic acid. The results were analysed for frequencies. Results. K. pneumoniae isolates showed emerging resistance to imipenem at 13% (4 out of 30) followed by amikacin at 17% (5 out of 30). There was intermediate resistance to gentamycin at 60% (18 out of 30). However, K. pneumoniae showed the highest resistance to piperacillin at 100% (30 out of 30) followed by sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim and cefepime, both showing a percentage of 97% (29 out of 30). Up to 16 out of 30 (53.3%) of K. pneumoniae were positive for ESBL production, whilst 14 out of 30 (46.7%) were negative. Conclusion. There was a high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates from BSI of patients with features of sepsis in Uganda's Mulago National Referral Hospital.

Project description:Background and aimThe World Health Organization considers multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae a major global threat. Horses harbor commensal isolates of this bacterial species and potentially serve as reservoirs for human MDR bacteria. This study investigated antimicrobial resistance in horses caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing K. pneumoniae.Materials and methodsOne hundred fifty-nine nasal swab samples were collected from horses with respiratory distress not treated with cefotaxime and erythromycin. Biochemical and serological identification was performed on all samples. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect 16S-23S ITS, mucoviscosity-associated gene (magA), uridine diphosphate galacturonate 4-epimerase gene (uge), and iron uptake system gene (kfu), bla TEM, bla SHV, and bla CTX genes. Sequence analysis and phylogenetic relatedness of randomly selected K. pneumoniae isolates carrying the bla TEM gene were performed.ResultsTen isolates of Klebsiella spp. were obtained from 159 samples, with an incidence of 6.28% (10 of 159). Based on biochemical and serological identification, K. pneumoniae was detected in 4.4% (7 of 159) of the samples. Using PCR, all tested K. pneumoniae isolates (n=7) carried the 16S-23S ITS gene. By contrast, no isolates carried magA, uge, and kfu genes. The bla TEM gene was detected in all test isolates. Moreover, all isolates did not harbor the bla SHV or bla CTX gene. Sequence analysis and phylogenetic relatedness reported that the maximum likelihood unrooted tree generated indicated the clustering of the test isolate with the other Gram-negative isolate bla TEM. Finally, the sequence distance of the bla TEM gene of the test isolate (generated by Lasergene) showed an identity range of 98.4-100% with the bla TEM gene of the different test isolates.ConclusionThe misuse of antimicrobials and insufficient veterinary services might help generate a population of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae in equines and humans, representing a public health risk.

Dataset Information

Prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from raw vegetables retailed in Southern Thailand.

Background

Methods

Results

Discussion

Publications

Prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> isolated from raw vegetables retailed in Southern Thailand.

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