40 Weeks In: A Look at How One NIH Institute Handled the Unimaginable.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: D'Souza RN
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8412845 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Schistosomiasis remains a health burden in many parts of the world. The complex life cycle of Schistosoma parasites and the economic and societal conditions present in endemic areas make the prospect of eradication unlikely in the foreseeable future. Continued and vigorous research efforts must therefore be directed at this disease, particularly since only a single World Health Organization (WHO)-approved drug is available for treatment. The National Institutes of Health (NIH)-National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Schistosomiasis Resource Center (SRC) at the Biomedical Research Institute provides investigators with the critical raw materials needed to carry out this important research. The SRC makes available, free of charge (including international shipping costs), not only infected host organisms but also a wide array of molecular reagents derived from all life stages of each of the three main human schistosome parasites. As the field of schistosomiasis research rapidly advances, it is likely to become increasingly reliant on omics, transgenics, epigenetics, and microbiome-related research approaches. The SRC has and will continue to monitor and contribute to advances in the field in order to support these research efforts with an expanding array of molecular reagents. In addition to providing investigators with source materials, the SRC has expanded its educational mission by offering a molecular techniques training course and has recently organized an international schistosomiasis-focused meeting. This review provides an overview of the materials and services that are available at the SRC for schistosomiasis researchers, with a focus on updates that have occurred since the original overview in 2008.
| S-EPMC5072641 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Survival of junior scientists in academic biomedical research is difficult in today's highly competitive funding climate. National Institute of Health (NIH) data on first-time R01 grantees indicate the rate at which early investigators drop out from a NIH-supported research career is most rapid 4 to 5 years from the first R01 award. The factors associated with a high risk of dropping out, and whether these factors impact all junior investigators equally, are unclear. We identified a cohort of 1,496 investigators who received their first R01-equivalent (R01-e) awards from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases between 2003 and 2010, and studied all their subsequent NIH grant applications through 2016. Ultimately, 57% of the cohort were successful in obtaining new R01-e funding, despite highly competitive conditions. Among those investigators who failed to compete successfully for new funding (43%), the average time to dropping out was 5 years. Investigators who successfully obtained new grants showed remarkable within-person consistency across multiple grant submission behaviors, including submitting more applications per year, more renewal applications, and more applications to multiple NIH Institutes. Funded investigators appeared to have two advantages over their unfunded peers at the outset: they had better scores on their first R01-e grants and they demonstrated an early ability to write applications that would be scored, not triaged. The cohort rapidly segregated into two very different groups on the basis of PI consistency in the quality and frequency of applications submitted after their first R01-e award. Lastly, we identified a number of specific demographic factors, intitutional characteristics, and grant submission behaviors that were associated with successful outcomes, and assessed their predictive value and relative importance for the likelihood of obtaining additional NIH funding.
| S-EPMC6135352 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo evaluate whether labor is associated with lower odds of respiratory morbidity among neonates born from 36 to 40 weeks of gestation and to assess whether this association varies by gestational age and maternal diabetic status.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of women in the Assessment of Perinatal Excellence obstetric cohort who delivered across 25 U.S. hospitals over a 3-year period. Women with a singleton liveborn nonanomalous neonate who delivered from 36 to 40 weeks of gestation were included in our analysis. Those who received antenatal corticosteroids, underwent amniocentesis for fetal lung maturity, or did not meet dating criteria were excluded. Our primary outcome was composite neonatal respiratory morbidity, which included respiratory distress syndrome, ventilator support, continuous positive airway pressure, or neonatal death. Maternal characteristics and neonatal outcomes between women who labored and those who did not were compared. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between labor and the primary outcome. Interactions between labor and diabetes mellitus and labor and gestational age were tested.ResultsOur analysis included 63,187 women who underwent labor and 10,629 who did not. There was no interaction between labor and diabetes mellitus (P=.90). However, there was a significant interaction between labor and gestational age (P=.01). In the adjusted model, labor was associated with lower odds of neonatal respiratory morbidity compared with no labor for neonates delivered from 36-39 weeks of gestation. A 1-week increase in gestational age was associated with a 1.2 times increase in the adjusted odds ratio for the neonatal outcome comparing labor and no labor.ConclusionLabor was associated with lower odds of the composite outcome among neonates delivered from 36-39 weeks of gestation. The magnitude of this association varied by gestational age. The association was similar for women with or without diabetes mellitus.
| S-EPMC6794151 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Brain proteome analysis after 6 weeks of cuprizone or normal diet and 3 weeks of 40 Hz stimlation or constant light and sound (control groups).
2024-06-07 | PXD044572 | Pride
Project description:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Although complete revascularization is known superior to incomplete revascularization in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease (MVCD), there are no definite instructions on the optimal timing of non-culprit lesions percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We compared 1-year clinical outcomes between 2 different complete multi-vessel revascularization strategies. METHODS:From the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institute of Health, 606 patients with STEMI and MVCD who underwent complete revascularization were enrolled from November 2011 to December 2015. The patients were assigned to multi-vessel single-staged PCI (SS PCI) group (n=254) or multi-vessel multi-staged PCI (MS PCI) group (n=352). Propensity score matched 1-year clinical outcomes were compared between the groups. RESULTS:At one year, MS PCI showed a significantly lower rate of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.42; 95% confidential interval [CI], 0.19-0.92; p=0.030) compared with SS PCI. In subgroup analysis, all-cause mortality increased in SS PCI with cardiogenic shock (HR, 4.60; 95% CI, 1.54-13.77; p=0.006), age ≥65 years (HR, 4.00; 95% CI, 1.67-9.58, p=0.002), Killip class III/IV (HR, 7.32; 95% CI, 1.68-31.87; p=0.008), and creatinine clearance ≤60 mL/min (HR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.10-7.18; p=0.031). After propensity score-matching, MS PCI showed a significantly lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular event than SS PCI. CONCLUSIONS:SS PCI was associated with worse clinical outcomes compared with MS PCI. MS PCI for non-infarct-related artery could be a better option for patients with STEMI and MVCD, especially high-risk patients.
| S-EPMC7043963 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To evaluate whether there is increased mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 associated with deliveries at 40 weeks of estimated gestational age (EGA) or greater in pregnant women with HIV-1 viral loads of 1,000 copies/mL or less.We performed a secondary analysis of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal and Longitudinal Study in Latin American Countries and International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials P1025 cohorts. We included pregnant women with HIV-1 with recent viral loads of 1,000 copies/mL or less at the time of delivery and compared delivery outcomes at between 38 and less than 40 weeks EGA with delivery outcomes at 40 weeks EGA or greater, the exposure of interest. Our primary outcome of interest was mother-to-child transmission, and secondary outcomes included indicators of maternal and neonatal morbidity. We examined the association between EGA and mother-to-child transmission using Poisson distribution. Associations between EGA and secondary outcomes were examined through bivariate analyses using Pearson ? and Fisher exact test or the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test.Among the 2,250 eligible neonates, eight neonates were infected with HIV-1 (overall transmission rate 0.4%, 95% CI 0.2-8.1%, 40 weeks EGA or greater 0.5% [3/621, 95% CI 0.2-1.4%], less than 40 weeks EGA 0.3% [5/1,629, 95% CI 0.1-0.7%]); there was no significant difference in transmission by EGA (rate ratio 1.57, 95% CI 0.24-8.09, P=.77). There was no difference in maternal viral load between the two groups nor was there a difference in timing of transmission among neonates born with HIV-1.In pregnant women with well-controlled HIV-1, the risk of mother-to-child transmission did not differ significantly by EGA at delivery, although we were not powered to demonstrate equivalence of proportions of mother-to-child transmission between EGA groups.
| S-EPMC5656396 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Statin play an important role in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). In recent years, increasing attention has been given to the relationship between statin and insulin resistance, but many randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies confirm that the therapeutic effect of statin on DN is more beneficial than harmful. However, further confirmation of whether the beneficial effects of long-term statin administration on DN still outweigh the detrimental effects is needed. In the current study, we found that long-term statin administration may exacerbate insulin resistance, interfere with glucose and lipid metabolism, lead to renal cell apoptosis, inflammation and severe renal fibrosis, and ultimately decrease renal function. Mechanistically,Through RNA seq analysis, we found that long-term statin administration affects lipid metabolism and exacerbates inflammation and fibrosis.
2022-05-15 | GSE196701 | GEO
Project description:Endoglin study 4, 20, 40 weeks 0 vs.16 Gy
2013-06-15 | E-MTAB-1488 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Human health is inextricably linked to the health of animals and the viability of ecosystems; this is a concept commonly known as One Health. Over the last 2 decades, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the National Research Council (NRC) have published consensus reports and workshop summaries addressing a variety of threats to animal, human, and ecosystem health. We reviewed a selection of these publications and identified recommendations from NRC and IOM/NRC consensus reports and from opinions expressed in workshop summaries that are relevant to implementation of the One Health paradigm shift. We grouped these recommendations and opinions into thematic categories to determine if sufficient attention has been given to various aspects of One Health. We conclude that although One Health themes have been included throughout numerous IOM and NRC publications, identified gaps remain that may warrant targeted studies related to the One Health approach.
| S-EPMC3840875 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A novel, high-throughput method for determining deacetylase substrate specificity was developed using a one-bead, one-compound (OBOC) acetyl-peptide library with a quantum dot tagging strategy and automated bead-sorting. A 5-mer OBOC peptide library of 104,907 unique sequences was constructed around a central epsilon-amino acetylated lysine. The library was screened using the human NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 for the most efficiently deacetylated peptide sequences. Beads preferentially deacetylated by SIRT1 were biotinylated and labeled with streptavidin-coated quantum dots. After fluorescent bead-sorting, the top 39 brightest beads were sequenced by mass spectrometry. In-solution deacetylase assays on randomly chosen hit and nonhit sequences revealed that hits correlated with increased catalytic activity by as much as 20-fold. We found that SIRT1 can discriminate peptide substrates in a context-dependent fashion.
| S-EPMC2519118 | biostudies-literature