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Titanium carbide nanosheets with defect structure for photothermal-enhanced sonodynamic therapy.

ABSTRACT: Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has attracted widespread interest in biomedicine, owing to its novel and noninvasive therapeutic method triggered by ultrasound (US). Herein, the Ti₃C₂ MXene nanosheets (Ti₃C₂ NSs) are developed as good sonosensitizers via a two-step method of chemical exfoliation and high-temperature treatment. With the high-temperature treatment, the oxygen defect of Ti₃C₂ MXene nanosheets (H-Ti₃C₂ NSs) is greatly increased. Therefore, the electron (e^-) and hole (h⁺) generated by US can be separated faster due to the improved degree of oxidation, and then the recombination of e^--h⁺ can be prevented with the abundant oxygen defect under US irradiation, which induced the sonodynamic efficiency greatly to improve around 3.7-fold compared with Ti₃C₂ NSs without high-temperature treatment. After PEGylation, the H-Ti₃C₂-PEG NSs show good stability and biocompatibility. In vitro studies exhibit that the inherent property of mild photothermal effect can promote the endocytosis of H-Ti₃C₂-PEG NSs, which can improve the SDT efficacy. In vivo studies further display that the increased blood supply by the mild photothermal effect can significantly relieve hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment, showing photothermal therapy (PTT) enhanced SDT. Most importantly, the H-Ti₃C₂-PEG NSs can be biodegraded and excreted out of the body, showing no significant long-term toxicity. Our work develops the defective H-Ti₃C₂ NSs as high-efficiency and safe sonosensitizers for photothermal-enhanced SDT of cancer, extending the biomedical application of MXene-based nanoplatforms.

SUBMITTER: Li G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8429621 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Silicon nanowires decorated with platinum nanoparticles were applied for photothermal-enhanced sonodynamic therapy.

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| S-EPMC8490511 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC10018708 | biostudies-literature

Functional black phosphorus nanosheets for mitochondria-targeting photothermal/photodynamic synergistic cancer therapy.

Project description:Organelle-targeting nanosystems are envisioned as promising tools for phototherapy, which can generate heat or reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced cytotoxicity in the targeted location but leave the surrounding biological tissues undamaged. In this work, an imaging-guided mitochondria-targeting photothermal/photodynamic nanosystem has been developed on the basis of functionalized black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets (NSs). In the nanosystem, BP NSs are coated with polydopamine (PDA) and then covalently linked with both chlorin e6 (Ce6) and triphenyl phosphonium (TPP) through carbodiimide reaction between the amino group and the carboxyl group, forming BP@PDA-Ce6&TPP NSs. Due to the strong absorbance of BP@PDA in the near-infrared region and the highly efficient ROS generation of Ce6, the as-prepared nanosystem with mitochondria-targeting capacity (TPP moiety) shows remarkably enhanced efficiency in cancer cell killing. Combined photothermal and photodynamic therapy is implemented and monitored by in vivo fluorescence imaging, achieving excellent performance in inhibiting tumor growth. This study presents a novel nanotheranostic agent for mitochondria-targeting phototherapy, which may open new horizons for biomedicine.

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Project description:Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have received considerable attention due to their strong absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) region, strong spin-orbit coupling, and excellent photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, CoFeMn dichalcogenide nanosheets (CFMS NSs) are prepared via facile vulcanization of a lamellar CoFeMn-layered double hydroxide (LDH) precursor followed by polyvinyl pyrrolidone modification (to give CFMS-PVP NSs), and found to show excellent photoacoustic (PA) imaging and synergistic photothermal/chemodynamic therapy (PTT/CDT) performance. The as-prepared CFMS-PVP NSs inherit the ultrathin morphology of the CoFeMn-LDH precursor and exhibit an outstanding photothermal performance with a η of 89.0%, the highest PCE reported to date for 2D TMD materials. Moreover, 50% of maximum catalytic activity (Michaelis-Menten constant, K m) is attained by CFMS-PVP NSs with 0.26 × 10-3 m H2O2 at 318 K, markedly lower than the endogenous concentration of H2O2 inside tumor cells. In addition, complete apoptosis of HepG2 cancer cells and complete tumor elimination in vivo are observed after treatment with CFMS-PVP NSs at a low dose, substantiating the NSs' remarkable PTT/CDT efficacy. This work provides a new and facile approach for the synthesis of high-quality multicomponent TMD nanosheets with precise process control, the potential for mass production, and outstanding performance, providing great promise in cancer theranostics.

| S-EPMC7709983 | biostudies-literature

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Project description:With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), the demand for thin and wearable electronic devices is growing quickly. The essential part of the IoT is communication between devices, which requires radio-frequency (RF) antennas. Metals are widely used for antennas; however, their bulkiness limits the fabrication of thin, lightweight, and flexible antennas. Recently, nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and conductive polymers came into play. However, poor conductivity limits their use. We show RF devices for wireless communication based on metallic two-dimensional (2D) titanium carbide (MXene) prepared by a single-step spray coating. We fabricated a ~100-nm-thick translucent MXene antenna with a reflection coefficient of less than -10 dB. By increasing the antenna thickness to 8 ?m, we achieved a reflection coefficient of -65 dB. We also fabricated a 1-?m-thick MXene RF identification device tag reaching a reading distance of 8 m at 860 MHz. Our finding shows that 2D titanium carbide MXene operates below the skin depth of copper or other metals as well as offers an opportunity to produce transparent antennas. Being the most conductive, as well as water-dispersible, among solution-processed 2D materials, MXenes open new avenues for manufacturing various classes of RF and other portable, flexible, and wearable electronic devices.

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