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Influence of Vitamin D on the Vasoactive Effect of Estradiol in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

ABSTRACT: We examined the vasoactive effect of estradiol in a rat model of early PCOS and the influence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD). We created a model of chronic hyperandrogenism and VDD in adolescent female Wistar rats (N = 46) with four experimental groups: vitamin D supplemented (T-D+), VDD (T-D-), hyperandrogenic and vitamin D supplemented (T+D+), and hyperandrogenic and VDD (T+D-). T+ groups received an 8-week-long transdermal Androgel treatment, D-animals were on vitamin D-reduced diet and D+ rats were supplemented orally with vitamin D3. Estrogen-induced vasorelaxation of thoracic aorta segments were measured with a wire myograph system with or without the inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) or cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The distribution of estrogen receptor (ER), eNOS and COX-2 in the aortic wall was assessed by immunohistochemistry. VDD aortas showed significantly lower estradiol-induced relaxation independently of androgenic status that was further decreased by COX-2 inhibition. COX-2 inhibition failed to alter vessel function in D+ rats. Inhibition of eNOS abolished the estradiol-induced relaxation in all groups. Changes in vascular function in VDD were accompanied by significantly decreased ER and eNOS staining. Short-term chronic hyperandrogenism failed to, but VDD induced vascular dysfunction, compromised estrogen-dependent vasodilatation and changes in ER and eNOS immunostaining.

SUBMITTER: Tarszabo R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8431242 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description: Not available

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Soy isoflavones exert beneficial effects on letrozole-induced rat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) model through anti-androgenic mechanism.

Project description:ContextSoy is the main source of phytoestrogens, which has long been used as traditional food. One major subtype of phytoestrogens includes isoflavones and they are scientifically validated for their beneficial actions on many hormone-dependent conditions.ObjectiveThe present study examines the effect of soy isoflavones on letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rat model.Materials and methodsPCOS was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats with of 1?mg/kg letrozole, p.o. once daily for 21 consecutive days. Soy isoflavones (50 and 100?mg/kg) was administered for 14 days after PCOS induction. Physical parameters (body weight, oestrous cycle determination, ovary and uterus weight) metabolic parameters (oral glucose tolerance test, total cholesterol), steroidal hormone profile (testosterone and 17?-oestradiol), steroidogenic enzymes (3?-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and 17?-HSD), oxidative stress and histopathology of ovary were studied.ResultsSoy isoflavones (100?mg/kg) treatment significantly altered the letrozole-induced PCOS symptoms as observed by decreased body weight gain (p?<?0.05), percentage diestrous phase (p?<?0.001), testosterone (p?<?0.001), 3?-HSD (p?<?0.01) and 17?-HSD (p?<?0.001) enzyme activity and oxidative stress. Histological results reveal that soy isoflavones treatment in PCOS rats resulted in well-developed antral follicles and normal granulosa cell layer in rat ovary.DiscussionTreatment with soy isoflavones exerts beneficial effects in PCOS rats (with decreased aromatase activity) which might be due to their ability to decrease testosterone concentration in the peripheral blood.ConclusionAnalysis of physical, biochemical and histological evidences shows that soy isoflavones may be beneficial in PCOS.

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Effect of Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> on Chemerin and Adiponectin Levels in Uterus of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rats.

Project description:BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder with disrupted uterus structure and function. A positive effect of vitamin D3 (VD3) in female reproduction was observed. Chemerin (RARRES2) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) are the main adipokines whose levels are altered in PCOS patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of VD3 supplementation on RARRES2 and ADIPOQ levels in the uterus of PCOS rats.MethodsWe analyzed the plasma levels and uterine transcript and protein expression of RARRES2 and ADIPOQ and their receptors (CCRL2, CMKLR1, GPR1, and ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2, respectively) in rats with letrozole-induced PCOS.ResultsIn control animals, VD3 did not change plasma levels of both adipokines, while in PCOS rats supplemented with VD3, they returned to control levels. The expression of RARRES2 and all investigated receptors increased in the uterus of VD3-treated rats; however, the levels of Rarres2 and Gpr1 genes remained unchanged. VD3 supplementation decreased RARRES2, CMKLR1, and GPR1 but increased CCRL2 level to the control value. In the uterus of VD3-treated rats, the transcript and protein levels of ADIPOQ and both receptors ADIPOR1 increased. At the same time, VD3 supplementation induced an increase in Adipoq, Adipor1, and Adipor2 gene expression and restored protein levels to control level values.Conclusionsour findings indicate a new mechanism of VD3 action in the uterine physiology of PCOS rats.

| S-EPMC10453942 | biostudies-literature

Effect of vitamin supplementation on polycystic ovary syndrome and key pathways implicated in its development: A Mendelian randomization study.

Project description:BackgroundMany epidemiologic investigations have explored the relationship between viatmins and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the effectiveness of vitamin, vitamin-like nutrient, or mineral supplementation in reducing the risk of PCOS remains a subject of debate.AimTo investigate the impact of plasma levels of vitamins A, B12, D, E, and K on PCOS and key pathways implicated in its development, namely, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.MethodsSingle nucleotide polymorphisms associated with vitamin levels were selected from genome-wide association studies. The primary analysis was performed using the random-effects inverse-variance-weighted approach. Complementary analyses were conducted using the weighted median, MR-Egger, MR-robust adjusted profile score, and MR-PRESSO approaches.ResultsThe results provided suggestive evidence of a decreased risk of PCOS with genetically predicted higher levels of vitamin E (odds ratio [OR] = 0.118; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.071-0.226; P < 0.001) and vitamin B12 (OR = 0.753, 95%CI: 0.568-0.998, P = 0.048). An association was observed between vitamin E levels and insulin resistance (OR = 0.977, 95%CI: 0.976-0.978, P < 0.001). Additionally, genetically predicted higher concentrations of vitamins E, D, and A were suggested to be associated with a decreased risk of hyperlipidemia. Increased vitamins K and B12 levels were linked to a lower obesity risk (OR = 0.917, 95%CI: 0.848-0.992, P = 0.031).ConclusionThe findings of this MR study suggest a causal relationship between increased vitamins A, D, E, K, and B12 levels and a reduced risk of PCOS or primary pathways implicated in its development.

| S-EPMC10450375 | biostudies-literature

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