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Time-Aligned Plane Wave Compounding Methods for High-Frame-Rate Shear Wave Elastography: Experimental Validation and Performance Assessment on Tissue Phantoms.

ABSTRACT: Shear wave elastography (SWE) is an ultrasonic technique able to quantitatively assess the mechanical properties of tissues by combining acoustic radiation force and ultrafast imaging. While utilizing coherent plane wave compounding enhances echo and shear wave motion signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), it also reduces the effective pulse repetition frequency (PRF_e), affecting the accuracy of the measurements of motion and, consequently, of material properties. It is important to maintain both high-motion SNR and PRF_e, particularly for the characterization of (material and/or geometrical) dispersive tissues such as arteries. This work proposes a method for SWE measurements with high SNR, while maintaining a high PRF_e, using conventional clinical ultrasound scanners. A time alignment process is applied after acquiring data from plane wave transmissions at different angles. The time alignment uses interpolation to obtain data points at higher frame rates, and the time-aligned data are compounded to increase the SNR. The method is used for SWE in tissue-mimicking phantoms of different stiffness and is compared with traditional plane wave compounding. Increases of 58% and 36% in spatial and temporal bandwidth compared with conventional plane wave compounding, respectively, can be achieved for SWE measurements of representative arterial stiffness values. Improvements in phase velocity accuracy and bandwidth in an arterial phantom are also described, to emphasize the beneficial advantage in dispersive cases.

SUBMITTER: Capriotti M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8443086 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Objectives:The aim of the study was to compare elastographic means in parathyroid adenomas, using shear wave elastography and strain elastography. Methods:This prospective study examined 20 consecutive patients diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism and parathyroid adenoma, confirmed by biochemical assay, technetium-99 sestamibi scintigraphy, and pathology report, after parathyroid surgery. All patients were examined on conventional 2B ultrasound, 2D shear wave elastography, and strain elastography. We determined using 2D shear wave elastography (SWE) the elasticity index (EI) in parathyroid adenoma, thyroid parenchyma, and surrounding muscle and examined using strain elastography the parathyroid adenoma, and determined the strain ratio with the thyroid tissue and muscle tissue. Results:All patients had positive sestamibi scintigraphy and underwent surgery, with confirmation of parathyroid adenoma in all cases. The mean parathormone (PTH) value before surgery was 153.29?pg/ml (36.5, 464.8) and serum calcium concentration was 10.5?mg/dl (9, 11.5). We compared using 2D-SWE and strain elastography parathyroid adenoma with thyroid tissue and with surrounding muscle. The mean EI measured by SWE in parathyroid adenoma was 4.74?±?2.74?kPa and in thyroid parenchyma was 11.718?±?4.206?kPa (mean difference?=?6.978?kPa, p < 0.001), and the mean EI value in muscle tissue was 16.362?±?3.829?kPa (mean difference?=?11.622, p < 0.001). Using ROC analysis, we found that an EI below 7?kPa correctly identifies parathyroid tissue. We evaluated parathyroid adenomas using strain elastography by color mapping and strain ratio as a semiquantitative measurement; however, we could not find any statistical correlation comparing the strain ratio obtained from the parathyroid adenoma with the thyroid tissue (p=0.485). Conclusion:Ultrasound elastography is a helpful tool in identifying parathyroid adenomas. A cutoff value below 7?kPa can be used in 2D-SWE. Color maps in strain elastography without adding strain ratio can be used, parathyroid adenoma being identified as score 1 in the Rago criteria.

Project description:Developing a shear wave tensiometer capable of non-invasively measuring ligament tension holds promise for enhancing research and clinical assessments of ligament function. Such development would benefit from tunable test specimens fabricated from well-characterized and consistent materials. Although previous work found that yarn can replicate the mechanical behavior of collateral ligaments, it is not obvious whether yarn-based phantoms would be suitable for development of a shear wave tensiometer for measuring ligament tension. Accordingly, the primary objective of this study was to characterize the mechanical properties and shear wave speed - stress relationships of ligament phantoms fabricated from yarn and silicone, and compare these results to published data from biological ligaments. We measured the mechanical properties and shear wave speeds during axial loading in nine phantoms with systematically varied material properties. We performed a simple linear regression between shear wave speed squared and axial stress to determine the shear wave speed - stress relationship for each phantom. We found comparable elastic moduli, hysteresis, and shear wave speed squared - stress regression parameters between the phantoms and collateral ligaments. For example, the ranges of the coefficients of determination (R2) and slopes across the nine phantoms were 0.84-0.95, and 0.78-1.27 kPa/m2/s2, respectively, which overlapped with the ranges found in a prior study in porcine collateral ligaments (0.84-0.996 and 0.34-1.18 kPa/m2/s2, respectively). Additionally, the shear wave speed squared - stress regression parameters varied predictably with the density of the phantom and the shear modulus of the silicone. In summary, we found that yarn-based phantoms serve as mechanical analogs for ligaments (i.e., are ligament mimicking), and thus, should prove beneficial for investigations into ligament structure-function relationships and in the development of a shear wave tensiometer for measuring ligament tension.

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Time-Aligned Plane Wave Compounding Methods for High-Frame-Rate Shear Wave Elastography: Experimental Validation and Performance Assessment on Tissue Phantoms.

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