Body weight, body composition and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large population-based sample.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Deschasaux-Tanguy M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8447371 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundSince the first outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it has been reported that several factors, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity, have close relationships with a severe clinical course. However, the relationship between body composition and the prognosis of COVID-19 has not yet been fully studied.MethodsThe present study enrolled 76 consecutive COVID-19 patients with computed tomography (CT) scans from the chest to the pelvis at admission. The patients who needed intubation and mechanical ventilation were defined as severe cases. Patients were categorized into four groups according to their body mass index (BMI). The degree of hepatic steatosis was estimated by the liver/spleen (L/S) ratio of the CT values. Visceral fat area (VFA), psoas muscle area (PMA), psoas muscle mass index (PMI), and intra-muscular adipose tissue content (IMAC) were measured by CT scan tracing. These parameters were compared between non-severe and severe cases.ResultsSevere patients had significantly higher body weight, higher BMI, and greater VFA than non-severe patients. However, these parameters did not have an effect on disease mortality. Furthermore, severe cases had higher IMAC than non-severe cases in the non-obese group.ConclusionsOur data suggest high IMAC can be a useful predictor for severe disease courses of COVID-19 in non-obese Japanese patients, however, it does not predict either disease severity in obese patients or mortality in any obesity grade.
| S-EPMC10381082 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 infection is believed to adversely affect the brain, but the degree of impact on socially relevant cognitive functioning and decision-making is not well-studied, particularly among those less vulnerable to age-related mortality. The current study sought to determine whether infection status and COVID-19 symptom severity are associated with cognitive dysfunction among young and middled-aged adults in the general population, using self-reported lapses in executive control and a standardized decision-making task.MethodThe survey sample comprised 1958 adults with a mean age of 37 years (SD = 10.4); 60.8% were female. Participants reported SARS-CoV-2 infection history and, among those reporting a prior infection, COVID-19 symptom severity. Primary outcomes were self-reported symptoms of cognitive dysfunction assessed via an abbreviated form of the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS) and performance on a validated delay-discounting task.ResultsYoung and middle-aged adults with a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection history reported a significantly higher number of cognitive dysfunction symptoms (M adj = 1.89, SE = 0.08, CI: 1.74, 2.04; n = 175) than their non-infected counterparts (M adj = 1.63, SE = 0.08, CI: 1.47,1.80; n = 1599; β = 0.26, p = .001). Among those infected, there was a dose-response relationship between COVID-19 symptom severity and level of cognitive dysfunction reported, with moderate (β = 0.23, CI: 0.003-0.46) and very/extremely severe (β = 0.69, CI: 0.22-1.16) COVID-19 symptoms being associated with significantly greater cognitive dysfunction. These effects remained reliable and of similar magnitude after controlling for demographics, vaccination status, mitigation behavior frequency, and geographic region, and after removal of those who had been intubated during hospitalization. Very similar-and comparatively larger-effects were found for the delay-discounting task, and when using only PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases.ConclusionsPositive SARS-CoV-2 infection history and moderate or higher COVID-19 symptom severity are associated with significant symptoms of cognitive dysfunction and amplified delay discounting among young and middle-aged adults with no history of medically induced coma.
| S-EPMC8934755 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The antibiotic catabolic process and myeloid cell homeostasis were activated while the T-cell response were relatively repressed in those with the risk of secondary infection.
2021-09-20 | GSE184401 | GEO
Project description:Dysregulated immune responses contribute to the excessive and uncontrolled inflammation observed in severe COVID-19. However, how immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is induced and regulated remains unclear. Here we uncover a role of the complement system in the induction of innate and adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Complement rapidly opsonizes SARS-CoV-2 particles via the lectin pathway. Complement-opsonized SARS-CoV-2 efficiently induces type-I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses via activation of dendritic cells, which are inhibited by antibodies against the complement receptors (CR) 3 and 4. Serum from COVID-19 patients, or monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, attenuate innate and adaptive immunity induced by complement-opsonized SARS-CoV-2. Blocking of CD32, the FcγRII antibody receptor of dendritic cells, restores complement-induced immunity. These results suggest that opsonization of SARS-CoV-2 by complement is involved in the induction of innate and adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the acute phase of infection. Subsequent antibody responses limit inflammation and restore immune homeostasis. These findings suggest that dysregulation of the complement system and FcγRII signaling may contribute to severe COVID-19.
| S-SCDT-10_1038-S44318-024-00061-0 | biostudies-other
Project description:To explore the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection in different time before operation and postoperative main complications (mortality, main pulmonary and cardiovascular complications) 30 days after operation; To determine the best timing of surgery after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
| 12454 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:ObjectivesThe continuous monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 infection waves and the emergence of novel pathogens pose a challenge for effective public health surveillance strategies based on diagnostics. Longitudinal population representative studies on incident events and symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection are scarce. We aimed at describing the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic during 2020 and 2021 through regular monitoring of self-reported symptoms in an Alpine community sample.DesignTo this purpose, we designed a longitudinal population representative study, the Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol COVID-19 study.Participants and outcome measuresA sample of 845 participants was retrospectively investigated for active and past infections with swab and blood tests, by August 2020, allowing adjusted cumulative incidence estimation. Of them, 700 participants without previous infection or vaccination were followed up monthly until July 2021 for first-time infection and symptom self-reporting: COVID-19 anamnesis, social contacts, lifestyle and sociodemographic data were assessed remotely through digital questionnaires. Temporal symptom trajectories and infection rates were modelled through longitudinal clustering and dynamic correlation analysis. Negative binomial regression and random forest analysis assessed the relative importance of symptoms.ResultsAt baseline, the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 1.10% (95% CI 0.51%, 2.10%). Symptom trajectories mimicked both self-reported and confirmed cases of incident infections. Cluster analysis identified two groups of high-frequency and low-frequency symptoms. Symptoms like fever and loss of smell fell in the low-frequency cluster. Symptoms most discriminative of test positivity (loss of smell, fatigue and joint-muscle aches) confirmed prior evidence.ConclusionsRegular symptom tracking from population representative samples is an effective screening tool auxiliary to laboratory diagnostics for novel pathogens at critical times, as manifested in this study of COVID-19 patterns. Integrated surveillance systems might benefit from more direct involvement of citizens' active symptom tracking.
| S-EPMC10254957 | biostudies-literature
Project description:HAE cultures were infected with SARS-CoV, SARS-dORF6 or SARS-BatSRBD and were directly compared to A/CA/04/2009 H1N1 influenza-infected cultures. Cell samples were collected at various hours post-infection for analysis. Time Points = 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hrs post-infection for SARS-CoV, SARS-dORF6 and SARS-BatSRBD. Time Points = 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 hrs post-infection for H1N1. Done in triplicate or quadruplicate for RNA Triplicates/quadruplicates are defined as 3/4 different wells, plated at the same time and using the same cell stock for all replicates. Time matched mocks done in triplicate from same cell stock as rest of samples. Culture medium (the same as what the virus stock is in) will be used for the mock infections. Infection was done at an MOI of 2.
2013-07-31 | E-GEOD-47960 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:HAE cultures were infected with SARS-CoV, SARS-ddORF6 or SARS-BatSRBD and were directly compared to A/CA/04/2009 H1N1 influenza-infected cultures. Cell samples were collected at various hours post-infection for analysis. Time Points = 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hrs post-infection for SARS-CoV. Time Points = 0, 24, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hrs post-infection forSARS-ddORF6 and SARS-BatSRBD. Time Points = 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 hrs post-infection for H1N1. Done in triplicate/quadruplicate for RNA Triplicates/quadruplicates are defined as 3/4 different wells, plated at the same time and using the same cell stock for all replicates. Time matched mocks done in triplicate from same cell stock as rest of samples. Culture medium (the same as what the virus stock is in) will be used for the mock infections. Infection was done at an MOI of 2.
2013-07-31 | E-GEOD-47961 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:HAE cultures were infected with SARS-CoV, SARS-dORF6 or SARS-BatSRBD and were directly compared to A/CA/04/2009 H1N1 influenza-infected cultures. Cell samples were collected at various hours post-infection for analysis. Time Points = 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hrs post-infection for SARS-CoV, SARS-dORF6 and SARS-BatSRBD. Time Points = 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 hrs post-infection for H1N1. Done in triplicate for RNA Triplicates are defined as 3 different wells, plated at the same time and using the same cell stock for all replicates. Time matched mocks done in triplicate from same cell stock as rest of samples. Culture medium (the same as what the virus stock is in) will be used for the mock infections. Infection was done at an MOI of 2 for SARS viruses and an MOI of 1 for H1N1.
2013-07-31 | E-GEOD-47962 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:ObjectivesTo examine associations between weight change, body composition, risk of mobility disability, and mortality in older adults.DesignProspective, longitudinal, population-based cohort.SettingThe Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study.ParticipantsWomen (n = 1,044) and men (n = 931) aged 70 to 79.MeasurementsWeight and lean and fat mass from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measured annually over 5 years. Weight was defined as stable (n = 664, reference), loss (n = 662), gain (n = 321), or cycling (gain and loss, n = 328) using change of 5% from year to year or from Year 1 to 6. Mobility disability (two consecutive reports of difficulty walking one-quarter mile or climbing 10 steps) and mortality were determined for 8 years after the weight change period. Associations were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression adjusted for covariates.ResultsDuring follow-up, 313 women and 375 men developed mobility disability, and 322 women and 378 men died. There was no risk of mobility disability or mortality with weight gain. Weight loss (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.40-2.53) and weight cycling (HR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.11-2.29) were associated with mobility disability in women, and weight loss was associated with mobility disability in men (HR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.01-1.69). Weight loss and weight cycling were associated with mortality risk in women (weight loss: HR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.07-2.01; weight cycling: HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.15-2.30) and in men (weight loss: HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.09-1.83; weight cycling: HR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.08-2.08). Adjustment for lean and fat mass and change in lean and fat mass from Year 1 to 6 attenuated the relationships between weight loss and mobility disability in men and between weight loss and mortality in men and women.ConclusionWeight cycling and weight loss predict impending mobility disability and mortality in old age, underscoring the prognostic importance of weight history.
| S-EPMC4134405 | biostudies-literature