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Successful improved peripheral tissue perfusion was seen in patients with atherosclerosis after 12 months of treatment with aged garlic extract.

ABSTRACT: Patients with arteriolosclerosis have impaired microvascular perfusion leading to impaired wound healing. Aged garlic extract has shown to have a positive impact on vascular elasticity. The present study aimed to assess the effect of long-term treatment with AGE on peripheral tissue perfusion in patients with confirmed atherosclerosis. Ninety three patients with a CT-scan confirmed coronary artery arteriolosclerosis were randomised in a double-blind manner to placebo or 2400 mg AGE daily for 1 year. Peripheral tissue perfusion was evaluated at 0- and 12-months using Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging. Measurement of post occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) using acetylcholine iontophoresis (Ach) was conducted. After 12 months a significant increase of 21.6% (95% CI 3.2%-40.0%, P < .05) was seen in the relative change of PORH in the AGE compared with the placebo group. The same response was seen for CVC and Ach with an increase of 21.4% (95% CI 3.4%-39.4%, P < .05) in the AGE group compared with the placebo group. Aged garlic extract regenerated peripheral tissue perfusion and increase microcirculation in patients with arteriolosclerosis. Adequate peripheral tissue perfusion and tissue oxygen tension are important prerequisites for successful tissue repair. Restored microcirculation in patients could hypothetically facilitate wound healing.

SUBMITTER: Lindstedt S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8450802 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BACKGROUND:One of the most serious secondary manifestations of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is coronary atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate whether aged garlic extract (AGE) can influence coronary artery calcification (CAC) and to predict the individual effect of AGE using a standard process for data mining (CRISP-DM). METHOD:This was a single-center parallel randomized controlled study in a university hospital in Europe. Patients were randomized, in a double-blind manner, through a computer-generated randomization chart. Patients with a Framingham risk score???10 after CT scan (n?=?104) were randomized to an intake of placebo or AGE (2400?mg daily) for 1?year. Main outcome measures were changes in CAC score and secondary outcome measures changes in blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood lipids and inflammatory biomarkers. RESULT:104 patients were randomized and 46 in the active group and 47 in the placebo group were analyzed. There was a significant (p?<?0.05) change in CAC progression (OR: 2.95 [1.05-8.27]), blood glucose (OR: 3.1 [1.09-8.85]) and IL-6 (OR 2.56 [1.00-6.53]) in favor of the active group. There was also a significant (p?=?0.027) decrease in systolic blood pressure in the AGE group, from a mean of 148 (SD: 19) mmHg at 0?months, to 140 (SD: 15) mmHg after 12?months. The AGE Algorithm, at a selected probability cut-off value of 0.5, the accuracy score for CAC progression was 80%, precision score of 79% and recall score 83%. The score for blood pressure was 74% (accuracy, precision and recall). There were no side-effects in either group. CONCLUSIONS:AGE inhibits CAC progression, lowers IL-6, glucose levels and blood pressure in patients at increased risk of cardiovascular events in a European cohort. An algorithm was made and was used to predict with 80% precision which patient will have a significantly reduced CAC progression using AGE. The algorithm could also predict with a 74% precision which patient will have a significant blood pressure lowering effect pressure using AGE. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Clinical trials NCT03860350, retrospectively registered (1/32019).

Project description:Background: Previous research suggests Kyolic-aged-garlic-extract to be effective in reducing blood pressure in a large proportion of hypertensive patients similar to first-line standard antihypertensive medication. High blood pressure has been linked to gut dysbiosis, with a significant decrease in microbial richness and diversity in hypertensives compared to normotensives. Furthermore, gut dysbiosis has been associated with increased inflammatory status and risk of cardiovascular events. Objective: To assess the effect of Kyolic aged GARlic extract on Gut microbiota, Inflammation, and Cardiovascular markers, including blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and arterial stiffness. Methods: A total of 49 participants with uncontrolled hypertension completed a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial of 12-weeks, investigating the effect of daily intake of aged-garlic-extract (1.2 g containing 1.2 mg S-allylcysteine) or placebo on blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and arterial stiffness, inflammatory markers, and gut microbiota. Results: Mean blood pressure was significantly reduced by 10 ± 3.6 mmHg systolic and 5.4 ± 2.3 mmHg diastolic compared to placebo. Vitamin B12 status played a role in responsiveness to garlic on blood pressure in 17% of patients. Garlic significantly lowered central blood pressure, pulse pressure and arterial stiffness (p < 0.05). Trends observed in inflammatory markers TNF-? and IL-6 need to be confirmed in larger trials. Furthermore, aged-garlic-extract improved gut microbiota, evident by higher microbial richness and diversity with a marked increase in Lactobacillus and Clostridia species after 3 months of supplementation. Conclusions: Kyolic-aged-garlic-extract is effective in reducing blood pressure in patients with uncontrolled hypertension, and has the potential to improve arterial stiffness, inflammation, and gut microbial profile. Aged-garlic-extract is highly tolerable with a high safety profile as a stand-alone or adjunctive antihypertensive treatment, with multiple benefits for cardiovascular health. Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12616000185460 (https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=370096).

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Successful improved peripheral tissue perfusion was seen in patients with atherosclerosis after 12 months of treatment with aged garlic extract.

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