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Morphological studies of rose prickles provide new insights.

ABSTRACT: Prickles are common structures in plants that play a key role in defense against herbivores. In the Rosa genus, prickles are widely present with great diversity in terms of form and density. For cut rose production, prickles represent an important issue, as they can damage the flower and injure workers. Our objectives were to precisely describe the types of prickles that exist in roses, their tissues of origin and their development. We performed a detailed histological analysis of prickle initiation and development in a rose F1 population. Based on the prickle investigation of 110 roses, we proposed the first categorization of prickles in the Rosa genus. They are mainly divided into two categories, nonglandular prickles (NGPs) and glandular prickles (GPs), and subcategories were defined based on the presence/absence of hairs and branches. We demonstrated that NGPs and GPs both originate from multiple cells of the ground meristem beneath the protoderm. For GPs, the gland cells originate from the protoderm of the GP at the early developmental stage. Our findings clearly demonstrate that prickles are not modified trichomes (which originate from the protoderm). These conclusions are different from the current mainstream hypothesis. These results provide a foundation for further studies on prickle initiation and development in plants.

SUBMITTER: Zhou N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8460668 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Morphological studies of rose prickles provide new insights.

Zhou Ningning N Simonneau Fabienne F Thouroude Tatiana T Oyant Laurence Hibrand-Saint LH Foucher Fabrice F

Horticulture research 20210923 1

Prickles are common structures in plants that play a key role in defense against herbivores. In the Rosa genus, prickles are widely present with great diversity in terms of form and density. For cut rose production, prickles represent an important issue, as they can damage the flower and injure workers. Our objectives were to precisely describe the types of prickles that exist in roses, their tissues of origin and their development. We performed a detailed histological analysis of prickle initia ...[more]

PMID: 34556626

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Project description:The current study aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the phytochemical components of Cycas pectinata methanol extract (MECP), along with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic, locomotor, anxiolytic, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH scavenging assay and the total phenol and total flavonoid contents, while the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by a protein denaturation assay. The in vivo locomotor effects were examined using the open field test and hole-cross test. The anxiolytic effect was examined using the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, hole-board test (HBT), and light-dark test (LDT), while the analgesic activity was investigated using the acetic acid-induced writhing test. The antidiarrheal effect was evaluated by castor oil-induced diarrhea and gastrointestinal motility. Ten bioactive compounds were selected on the basis of their biological activities and further investigated using in silico molecular docking simulation to correlate with the identified pharmacological properties. Additionally, the ADME properties of the compounds were evaluated according to their drug-likeness profile. MECP had a maximum total phenol content of 209.85 ± 3.40 gallic acid equivalents/g extract and a total flavonoid content of 105.17 ± 3.45 quercetin equivalents/g extract, with an IC50 value of 631.44 μg/mL. MECP (62.5-500 μg/mL) elicited 20.96-38.12% decreased protein denaturation compared to diclofenac sodium (65.40-83.50%), while a 35.72% (P < 0.001) clot lysis activity was observed for the 10 mg/mL concentration. MECP induced a dose-dependent reduction in locomotor activity, with a significant anxiolytic effect. In the analgesic test, MECP (200, 400 mg/kg) showed a 45.12% and 58.82% inhibition in analgesia, and the 400 mg/kg dose elicited a 27.5% inhibition in intestinal motility. These findings suggest that MECP might be effective in treating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuropharmacological defects, but this requires further study.

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Morphological studies of rose prickles provide new insights.

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Morphological studies of rose prickles provide new insights.

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