Dataset Information

L-Methionine Protects against Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in an In Vitro Model of Parkinson's Disease.

ABSTRACT: Methionine is an aliphatic, sulfur-containing, essential amino acid that has been demonstrated to have crucial roles in metabolism, innate immunity, and activation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, including methionine sulfoxide reductase A/B and the biosynthesis of glutathione to counteract oxidative stress. Still, methionine restriction avoids altered methionine/transmethylation metabolism, thus reducing DNA damage and possibly avoiding neurodegenerative processes. In this study, we wanted to study the preventive effects of methionine in counteracting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced injury. In particular, we analyzed the protective effects of the amino acid L-methionine in an in vitro model of Parkinson's disease and dissected the underlying mechanisms compared to the known antioxidant taurine to gain insights into the potential of methionine treatment in slowing the progression of the disease by maintaining mitochondrial functionality. In addition, to ascribe the effects of methionine on mitochondria and oxidative stress, methionine sulfoxide was used in place of methionine. The data obtained suggested that an L-methionine-enriched diet could be beneficial during aging to protect neurons from oxidative imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction, thus preventing the progression of neurodegenerative processes.

SUBMITTER: Catanesi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8469212 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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L-Methionine Protects against Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in an In Vitro Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Catanesi Mariano M Brandolini Laura L d'Angelo Michele M Benedetti Elisabetta E Tupone Maria Grazia MG Alfonsetti Margherita M Cabri Enrico E Iaconis Daniela D Fratelli Maddalena M Cimini Annamaria A Castelli Vanessa V Allegretti Marcello M

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 20210915 9

Methionine is an aliphatic, sulfur-containing, essential amino acid that has been demonstrated to have crucial roles in metabolism, innate immunity, and activation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, including methionine sulfoxide reductase A/B and the biosynthesis of glutathione to counteract oxidative stress. Still, methionine restriction avoids altered methionine/transmethylation metabolism, thus reducing DNA damage and possibly avoiding neurodegenerative processes. In this study, we wanted to ...[more]

PMID: 34573099

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Project description:Genetic and idiopathic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are characterized by loss of dopamine (DA) neurons and typically the formation of protein inclusions containing the alpha-synuclein (α-syn) protein. Environmental contributors to PD remain largely unresolved but toxins, such as paraquat or rotenone, represent well-studied enhancers of susceptibility. Previously, we reported that a bacterial metabolite produced by Streptomyces venezuelae caused age- and dose-dependent DA neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans and human SH-SY5Y neurons. We hypothesized that this metabolite from a common soil bacterium could enhance neurodegeneration in combination with PD susceptibility gene mutations or toxicants. Here, we report that exposure to the metabolite in C. elegans DA neurons expressing human α-syn or LRRK2 G2019S exacerbates neurodegeneration. Using the PD toxin models 6-hydroxydopamine and rotenone, we demonstrate that exposure to more than one environmental risk factor has an additive effect in eliciting DA neurodegeneration. Evidence suggests that PD-related toxicants cause mitochondrial dysfunction, thus we examined the impact of the metabolite on mitochondrial activity and oxidative stress. An ex vivo assay of C. elegans extracts revealed that this metabolite causes excessive production of reactive oxygen species. Likewise, enhanced expression of a superoxide dismutase reporter was observed in vivo. The anti-oxidant probucol fully rescued metabolite-induced DA neurodegeneration, as well. Interestingly, the stress-responsive FOXO transcription factor DAF-16 was activated following exposure to the metabolite. Through further mechanistic analysis, we discerned the mitochondrial defects associated with metabolite exposure included adenosine triphosphate impairment and upregulation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. Metabolite-induced toxicity in DA neurons was rescued by complex I activators. RNA interference (RNAi) knockdown of mitochondrial complex I subunits resulted in rescue of metabolite-induced toxicity in DA neurons. Taken together, our characterization of cellular responses to the S. venezuelae metabolite indicates that this putative environmental trigger of neurotoxicity may cause cell death, in part, through mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.

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Dataset Information

L-Methionine Protects against Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in an In Vitro Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Publications

L-Methionine Protects against Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in an In Vitro Model of Parkinson's Disease.

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