Dataset Information

Jejunal Transcriptomic Profiling for Differences in Feed Conversion Ratio in Slow-Growing Chickens.

ABSTRACT: Improving feed efficiency is an important breeding target for the poultry industry; to achieve this, it is necessary to understand the molecular basis of feed efficiency. We compared the jejunal transcriptomes of low- and high-feed conversion ratio (FCR) slow-growing Korat chickens (KRs). Using an original sample of 75 isolated 10-week-old KR males, we took jejunal samples from six individuals in two groups: those with extremely low FCR (n = 3; FCR = 1.93 ± 0.05) and those with extremely high FCR (n = 3; FCR = 3.29 ± 0.06). Jejunal transcriptome profiling via RNA sequencing revealed 56 genes that were differentially expressed (p < 0.01, FC > 2): 31 were upregulated, and 25 were downregulated, in the low-FCR group relative to the high-FCR group. Functional annotation revealed that these differentially expressed genes were enriched in biological processes related to immune response, glutathione metabolism, vitamin transport and metabolism, lipid metabolism, and neuronal and cardiac maturation, development, and growth, suggesting that these are important mechanisms governing jejunal feed conversion. These findings provide an important molecular basis for future breeding strategies to improve slow-growing chicken feed efficiency.

SUBMITTER: Sinpru P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8470203 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Jejunal Transcriptomic Profiling for Differences in Feed Conversion Ratio in Slow-Growing Chickens.

Sinpru Panpradub P Riou Cindy C Kubota Satoshi S Poompramun Chotima C Molee Wittawat W Molee Amonrat A

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI 20210905 9

Improving feed efficiency is an important breeding target for the poultry industry; to achieve this, it is necessary to understand the molecular basis of feed efficiency. We compared the jejunal transcriptomes of low- and high-feed conversion ratio (FCR) slow-growing Korat chickens (KRs). Using an original sample of 75 isolated 10-week-old KR males, we took jejunal samples from six individuals in two groups: those with extremely low FCR (<i>n</i> = 3; FCR = 1.93 ± 0.05) and those with extremely ...[more]

PMID: 34573572

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Project description:Antibiotics have been used for a long time as growth promoters in the poultry industry for growth and health benefits. However, recent studies reflected little, no, or negative impacts of using antibiotics for growth promotion purposes. This study was designed to examine the overall effect of antibiotic supplementation on the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in broiler chickens as a performance indicator and assess different covariates for explaining heterogeneity in response to the use of antibiotics as growth promoters. In this regard, FCRs obtained from articles that compared diets with and without antibiotics for broiler chickens were extracted from electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) as per PRISMA guidelines. The database comprised 42 scientific articles containing 74 experiments totaling 19,562 chickens. A basic meta-analysis and subgroup analysis were performed to assess the overall impact of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) on FCR of broiler chickens while a meta-regression analysis was used to assess different covariates (breed, antibiotic dose, location, time, presence of anticoccidial in the feed, antibiotic type, and housing type) to explain variations in true effect size of the studies. The basic meta-analysis of these studies revealed an overall improvement in FCR by 2.8 % (p < 0.05) due to addition of AGPs than the control group with the confidence interval range from 1.3 to 4.3 % and the prediction interval ranging between -10 and 16 %. The covariates, including breed, dose and location, provided the optimum model fit and explained 53 % of variations in the FCR across different studies. In summary, an overall marginal improvement has been observed in mean FCR of broiler chickens along with a wide range of variations in response to use of AGPs. The variations in true effects among these studies are subject to several confounding effects, particularly breed, dose and location. Considering the marginal positive effect of antibiotic usage in chicken performance, we recommend against using of AGP.

Project description:BackgroundEfficient use of feed resources for farm animals is a critical concern in animal husbandry. Numerous genetic and nutritional studies have been conducted to investigate feed efficiency during the regular laying cycle of chickens. However, by prolonging the laying period of layers, the performance of feed utilization in the late-laying period becomes increasingly important. In the present study, we measured daily feed intake (FI), residual feed intake (RFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 808 hens during 81-82 weeks of age to evaluate genetic properties and then used a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to reveal the genetic determinants.ResultsThe heritability estimates for the investigated traits were medium and between 0.15 and 0.28 in both pedigree- and genomic-based estimates, whereas the genetic correlations among these traits were high and ranged from 0.49 to 0.90. Three genome-wide significant SNPs located on chromosome 1 (GGA1) were detected for FCR. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) and conditional GWA analysis indicated that these 3 SNPs were highly correlated with one another, located at 13.55-45.16 Kb upstream of gga-miR-15a. Results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis in liver tissue showed that the expression of gga-miR-15a was significantly higher in the high FCR birds than that in the medium or low FCR birds. Bioinformatics analysis further revealed that gga-mir-15a could act on many target genes, such as forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) that is involved in the insulin-signaling pathway, which influences nutrient metabolism in many organisms. Additionally, some suggestively significant variants, located on GGA3 and GGA9, were identified to associate with FI and RFI.ConclusionsThis GWA analysis was conducted on feed intake and efficiency traits for chickens and was innovative for application in the late laying period. Our findings can be used as a reference in the genomic breeding programs for increasing the efficiency performance of old hens and to improve our understanding of the molecular determinants for feed efficiency.

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Dataset Information

Jejunal Transcriptomic Profiling for Differences in Feed Conversion Ratio in Slow-Growing Chickens.

Publications

Jejunal Transcriptomic Profiling for Differences in Feed Conversion Ratio in Slow-Growing Chickens.

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