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Repurposing Candesartan Cilexetil as Antibacterial Agent for MRSA Infection.

ABSTRACT: Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen causing hospital-acquired infections. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), biofilms, and persisters are highly tolerant to traditional antibiotics and make it difficult to treat. Therefore, new antimicrobial agents are urgently needed to treat hard-to-eradicate diseases caused by this bacterium. In this study, candesartan cilexetil (CC), an angiotensin hypertension drug, had strong antimicrobial activity against S. aureus with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of 8-16 μg/ml and 16-32 μg/ml. CC exhibited limited cytotoxicity and low potential to induce drug resistance. In addition, it showed a synergistic antibacterial effect when combined with gentamicin and tobramycin. The effective concentrations to inhibit MRSA biofilm formation were 16-64 μg/ml, and intractable persisters were killed at 4-8 × MIC. Through the analysis of its mechanism of action, it was evident that the membrane permeability was disrupted as well as the cell structure was damaged. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CC had antibacterial effects in vivo in MRSA-infected murine skin abscess models. In conclusion, these results imply that CC might be a potential antibacterial agent for the treatment of S. aureus-associated infections.

SUBMITTER: Xu L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8473943 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Repurposing Candesartan Cilexetil as Antibacterial Agent for MRSA Infection.

Xu Lanlan L She Pengfei P Chen Lihua L Li Shijia S Zhou Linying L Hussain Zubair Z Liu Yaqian Y Wu Yong Y

Frontiers in microbiology 20210913

Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen causing hospital-acquired infections. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), biofilms, and persisters are highly tolerant to traditional antibiotics and make it difficult to treat. Therefore, new antimicrobial agents are urgently needed to treat hard-to-eradicate diseases caused by this bacterium. In this study, candesartan cilexetil (CC), an angiotensin hypertension drug, had strong antimicrobial activity against S. aureus wit ...[more]

PMID: 34589063

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Project description:Background Cardiac hypertrophy is associated with abnormal electrophysiology and increased arrhythmia risk. This study assessed whether candesartan cilexetil, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, could suppress arrhythmogenecity by attenuating cardiac electrical remodeling and calcium mishandling in rats with pressure-overload hypertrophy. Methods and Results Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly subjected to abdominal aorta banding or sham procedure and received either candesartan cilexetil (3.0 mg/kg per day) or vehicle by gavage for 5 weeks. Pressure overload was characterized by compensated left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and fibrosis, increased LV pressure and its decay time, and prolonged corrected QT interval, all of which were attenuated by candesartan cilexetil treatment. Candesartan cilexetil-treated banded rat hearts displayed shorter QT intervals and lower vulnerability to atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias than vehicle-treated banded hearts. Candesartan cilexetil prevented banding-induced prolonged action potential duration and reduced the occurrence of triggered activity in LV papillary muscles. In addition, the prolonged time to 50% cell relengthening and calcium transient decay time were normalized in LV myocytes from candesartan cilexetil-treated banded rats, along with a normalization of decreased SERCA2a (sarco[endo]plasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase) expression in LV tissues. Furthermore, candesartan cilexetil normalized depressed transient outward potassium current densities and protein and mRNA levels of both voltage-gated potassium 4.2 and 4.3 channel subunits (Kv4.2 and Kv4.3) in banded rats. Conclusions Candesartan cilexetil protects the heart from pressure overload-induced adverse electrical remodeling by preserving potassium channel densities. In addition, calcium handling and its molecular regulation also improved after treatment. These beneficial effects may contribute to a lower susceptibility to arrhythmias in hearts from candesartan cilexetil-treated pressure-overloaded rats.

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Repurposing Candesartan Cilexetil as Antibacterial Agent for MRSA Infection.

Publications

Repurposing Candesartan Cilexetil as Antibacterial Agent for MRSA Infection.

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