Dataset Information

Preconditioning by Preceding Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events.

ABSTRACT: Background Emerging yet contrasting evidence from animal and human studies associates ischemic preconditioning with improvement of subsequent stroke severity, although long-term outcome remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze how preceding cerebral ischemic events influence subsequent stroke severity and outcome. Methods and Results Data for this retrospective cohort study were extracted from ASTRAL (Acute Stroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne). This registry includes a sample of all consecutive patients with acute ischemic strokes admitted to the stroke unit and/or intensive care unit of the Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland. We investigated associations between preceding ischemic events (transient ischemic attacks or ischemic strokes) and the impact on subsequent stroke severity and clinical improvement within 24 hours, measured through National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, as well as 3-month outcome, determined through a shift in the modified Rankin Scale. Of 3530 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke (43% women, median age 73 years), 1001 (28%) had ≥1 preceding cerebral ischemic events (45% transient ischemic attack, 55% ischemic stroke; 31% multiple events). After adjusting for multiple prehospital, clinical, and laboratory confounders, admission stroke severity was significantly lower in patients preconditioned through a preceding ischemic event, but 24-hour improvement was not significant and 3-month outcome was unfavorable. Conclusions Preceding ischemic events were independently associated with a significant reduction in subsequent stroke severity but worsened long-term clinical outcome. These results, if confirmed by future randomized studies, may help design neuroprotective strategies. The unfavorable effect on stroke outcome is probably a consequence of the cumulative disability burden after multiple ischemic events.

SUBMITTER: Correia PN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8475031 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:Background Studies have shown that pericoronary artery inflammation can be accurately detected via increased attenuation on computed tomography. Our purpose was to evaluate the association between pericarotid inflammation, measured by density of carotid perivascular fat on computed tomography angiography, with stroke and transient ischemic attack. Methods and Results We screened computed tomography angiography examinations for patients with unilateral internal carotid artery ( ICA ) stenosis ?50% to 99%. A blinded neuroradiologist placed regions-of-interest in the pericarotid fat on the slice showing maximal stenosis. Two-sample t tests were performed to assess between-subject differences in mean Hounsfield Units in carotid perivascular fat between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Paired t tests were used to assess within-subject differences in mean Hounsfield Units between stenotic versus nonstenotic ICA s in a given patient. We included 94 patients, including 42 symptomatic and 52 asymptomatic patients. In the between-subject analysis of stenotic ICA s, we found symptomatic patients had higher mean pericarotid fat density compared with asymptomatic patients (-66.2±19.2 versus -77.1±20.4, P=0.009). When comparing nonstenotic ICA s, there was no significant difference between pericarotid fat density in symptomatic compared with asymptomatic patients (-81.0±13.3 versus -85.3±18.0: P=0.198). Within-subject comparison showed statistically significant increased density in stenotic ICA versus nonstenotic ICA with mean Hounsfield Units difference of 11.1 ( P<0.0001). Conclusions We found increased density, a surrogate marker for perivascular inflammation, in the fat surrounding ICA s ipsilateral to stroke or transient ischemic attack compared with asymptomatic ICA s. Our findings suggest that inflammation associated with culprit carotid plaques extends beyond the vessel lumen and can be identified using simple methods on computed tomography angiography imaging.

Project description:BackgroundNeurological complications after cardiac surgery have a profound impact on postoperative survival and quality of life. The increasing importance of strategies designed to improve neurological outcomes mirrors the growing risk burden of the contemporary cardiac surgical population. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) reduces adverse sequelae of ischemia in vulnerable organs by subjecting tissues with high ischemic tolerance to brief periods of hypoperfusion. This trial will evaluate the neuroprotective effect of RIPC in the cardiac surgical arena, by employing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neurocognitive testing.MethodsPatients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass will be screened for the study. Eligible patients will be randomized to undergo either a validated RIPC protocol or a sham procedure. The RIPC will be induced by inflation of a blood pressure cuff to 200 mmHg for 5 minutes, followed by a 5-minute reperfusion period. Three sequences of interchanging cuff inflations and deflations will be employed. Neurocognitive testing and MRI imaging will be performed preoperatively and on postoperative day 7. Paired pre- and postoperative neurocognitive and neuroimaging data will then be compared. The primary composite outcome measure will consist of new ischemic lesions on brain MRI, postprocedural impairment in brain connectivity on resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), and significant new declines in neurocognitive performance. The secondary endpoint measures will be the individual components of the primary endpoint measures, expressed as continuous variables, troponin T release on postoperative day 1 and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events at 3 months postoperatively. Major adverse cardiovascular events, including accumulating cardiovascular mortality, stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and rehospitalization for ischemia, will form a composite endpoint measure.DiscussionThis trial will aim to assess whether RIPC in patients subjected to surgical myocardial revascularization employing cardiopulmonary bypass initiates a neuroprotective response. Should the results of this trial indicate that RIPC is effective in reducing the incidence of adverse neurological events in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, it could impact on the current standard of care.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02177981.

Dataset Information

Preconditioning by Preceding Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets