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OMIP-064: A 27-Color Flow Cytometry Panel to Detect and Characterize Human NK Cells and Other Innate Lymphoid Cell Subsets, MAIT Cells, and γδ T Cells.

ABSTRACT: This 27-color flow cytometry panel was developed in order to assess immunological changes over the course of an immunization and challenge regimen in two experimental malaria vaccine trials. The aim of the study was to find correlates of vaccine-induced protection. Several studies have indicated that protection against malaria appears to involve immune responses at various immunological sites, with liver-resident responses playing an essential role. As it is not feasible to monitor the immune responses within the liver in humans, this panel is developed with the aim to thoroughly characterize the immune responses over time in blood in addition to detecting changes that might reflect what happens in other immunological sites like the liver. The focus of this panel is to detect several innate lymphoid cell populations, including NK cells and their activation status. Moreover, unconventional T cells like mucosal associated invariant T cells and γδ T cells are assessed in the panel. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.

SUBMITTER: Hertoghs N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8485754 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundDespite successful combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), the risk of non-AIDS defining cancers (NADCs) remains higher for HIV-infected individuals than the general population. The reason for this increase is highly disputed. Here, we hypothesized that T-cell receptor (TCR) γδ cells and/or mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells might be associated with the increased risk of NADCs. γδ T cells and MAIT cells both serve as a link between the adaptive and the innate immune system, and also to exert direct anti-viral and anti-tumor activity.MethodsWe performed a longitudinal phenotypic characterization of TCR γδ cells and MAIT cells in HIV-infected individuals developing Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), the most common type of NADCs. Cryopreserved PBMCs of HIV-infected individuals developing HL, matched HIV-infected controls without (w/o) HL and healthy controls were used for immunophenotyping by polychromatic flow cytometry, including markers for activation, exhaustion and chemokine receptors.ResultsWe identified significant differences in the CD4+ T cell count between HIV-infected individuals developing HL and HIV-infected matched controls within 1 year before cancer diagnosis. We observed substantial differences in the cellular phenotype mainly between healthy controls and HIV infection irrespective of HL. A number of markers tended to be different in Vδ1 and MAIT cells in HIV+HL+ patients vs. HIV+ w/o HL patients; notably, we observed significant differences for the expression of CCR5, CCR6 and CD16 between these two groups of HIV+ patients.ConclusionTCR Vδ1 and MAIT cells in HIV-infected individuals developing HL show subtle phenotypical differences as compared to the ones in HIV-infected controls, which may go along with functional impairment and thereby may be less efficient in detecting and eliminating malignant cells. Further, our results support the potential of longitudinal CD4+ T cell count analysis for the identification of patients at higher risk to develop HL.

Dataset Information

OMIP-064: A 27-Color Flow Cytometry Panel to Detect and Characterize Human NK Cells and Other Innate Lymphoid Cell Subsets, MAIT Cells, and γδ T Cells.

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