Traumatic Lateral Knee Dislocation of a Well-Functioning Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case of Medial Collateral Ligament Rupture.
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SUBMITTER: Smidt K
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8495707 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundProper soft-tissue balance was essential in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) release has been recommended in correction of severe varus knee. However, it has concerns of overcorrection. This study aimed to analyze coronal plane laxity in sMCL-released TKA patients.MethodsWe prospectively collected data from TKA patients who were operated from January 2015 to November 2018. All patients went through the same surgical steps; however, sMCL was left intact in mild-to-moderate deformity (sMCL-intact), while it was completely released in patients with severe deformity (sMCL-released). All patients went through the same postoperative protocol. We used stress radiograph with 90 N force to evaluate coronal plane laxity and recorded modified Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score at 3- to 6-year postoperative appointments.ResultsThere were 46 patients (59 knees) included with an average follow-up time of 48.3 months. The sMCL-intact group consisted of 14 patients (16 knees) with average preoperative mechanical axis (MA) varus of 4.84 degrees exhibited 1.64 mm (0.6-3.6 mm) laxity on medial side and 1.01 mm (0-3.1 mm) on lateral side. The sMCL-released group consisted of 32 patients (43 knees) with average preoperative MA varus of 14.74 degree exhibited 1.96 mm (0.4-4.8 mm) laxity on medial side and 1.57 mm (0.1-5.9 mm) on lateral side. At the time of follow-up, the mean modified Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index in the sMCL-intact and sMCL-released groups were 14.8 and 13.5 (P value .79), respectively. There was no clinical laxity or reoperation of any causes in either groups.ConclusionsComplete release of sMCL in severe varus knee does not result in overcorrection after TKA at the midterm follow-up period. Thus, sMCL release technique could be an effective and safe option for correction of severe varus deformity.
| S-EPMC10826132 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This article describes a traumatic complete anterior knee dislocation of a previously well-functioning total knee arthroplasty. A thorough physical examination with appropriate radiographic imaging study is required for proper evaluation and treatment of this injury, as it is often associated with neurovascular injury and subsequent global instability of the injured knee is likely.
| S-EPMC5045459 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries are commonly encountered alongside anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Treatment modalities have ranged from conservative management to surgical repair, augmentation, and reconstruction. Various reports have reported residual valgus instability, especially in higher-grade injuries that have been treated conservatively. The MCL provides valgus stability but also is an element of anterior stability to the tibia in addition to the anterior cruciate ligament. In addition, meniscal "lift-off" and "floating" have been described as consequences after MCL injuries, and meniscal dysfunction has been shown to lead to accelerated joint degeneration; therefore, all efforts should be made to treat these injuries adequately. We describe a simple, minimally invasive technique that involves suturing the deep MCL to the medial joint capsule, allowing better MCL healing, causing less soft-tissue scarring, and preventing meniscal extrusion.
| S-EPMC7587228 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chronic patellar dislocation in the setting of severe knee osteoarthritis is a rare clinical problem. Surgical management often consists of total knee arthroplasty combined with realignment of the extensor mechanism. Several techniques have been described to anatomically restore the extensor apparatus, and literature regarding this topic consists mainly of case reports. We describe a technique using combined medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction using allograft tissue and total knee arthroplasty with patellar resurfacing for the treatment of chronic patellar dislocation and severe osteoarthritis.
| S-EPMC7818631 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo quantify intraoperative joint space widening afforded by the outside-in, percutaneous release of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and to evaluate its impact on medial compartment width and functional outcomes at 6-week follow-up for patients undergoing a partial medial meniscectomy without postoperative bracing.MethodsPatients with posteromedial meniscus tears and no evidence of ipsilateral knee pathology, undergoing partial medial meniscectomy, were enrolled. Intraoperatively, medial compartment width was quantified with fluoroscopy before and after the percutaneous MCL release with an 18-gauge spinal needle proximal to the joint line. At 6-week follow-up, valgus stress radiographs re-evaluated medial compartment width. International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) scores were completed preoperatively and at 6-week follow-up to evaluate functional outcomes. A paired sample t test performed at a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to compare these variables.ResultsForty-two patients, mean (± standard deviation) age 55.3 ± 10.7 years, were available for analysis of intraoperative medial compartment widening. Medial compartment width increased from 5.95 ± 1.32 to 11.09 ± 1.74 mm intraoperatively after MCL release. At 6-week follow-up, radiographic assessment demonstrated a mean medial compartment width of 5.85 ± .99 mm, which represented an insignificant change compared with the preoperative value (CI -0.68 to .33, P = .474). PROMIS and IKDC scores significantly improved from baseline, with increases of 6.9 ± 12.4 (CI 2.0 to 11.8, P = .008) and 11.7 ± 17.8 (CI 4.7 to 18.8, P = .002), respectively.ConclusionsPercutaneous MCL release during knee arthroscopy improves visualization and facilitates instrumentation by providing an almost 2× wider working space within the medial tibiofemoral joint. In this study, the performance of percutaneous MCL release did not result in any complications. Radiographic and clinical resolution of iatrogenic laxity was demonstrated by 6-weeks postoperatively, without the use of postoperative bracing.Level of evidenceIV, therapeutic case series.
| S-EPMC7879174 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is the most commonly injured ligament of the knee. Given its extra-articular location, the MCL has great healing capacity such that the mainstay of treatment for most injuries remains conservative management. However, certain injury patterns place patients and athletes at risk of residual valgus laxity, which may require delayed surgical care and prolonged time out from sports. As such, identifying the specific injuries known to place patients at risk for failure with nonoperative management is of paramount importance. Although controversy remains regarding the optimal treatment of grade III MCL injuries, it is generally accepted that MCL ruptures from the distal tibia attachment require operative fixation. This technique article with accompanying video provides a detailed description of a technique for repairing the distal MCL attachment with suture augmentation. There are several advantages associated with an augmented direct repair including early, safe rehabilitation; prevention of valgus instability; and avoiding the comorbidities associated with a larger reconstruction.
| S-EPMC6153306 | biostudies-other
Project description:Acute injuries of the knee medial collateral ligament complex concomitant with anterior cruciate ligament injuries are common. The exact site of the injury may be difficult to diagnose preoperatively on magnetic resonance imaging. This study describes an arthroscopic sign that helps determine the site of the knee medial collateral ligament complex injury. The “medial compartment drive-through sign,” visualized during arthroscopy, is described as an excessive opening of the medial compartment. If this excessive opening is above the meniscus, it corresponds to a femoral-sided injury; conversely, if the excessive opening is below the meniscus, then it is a tibial-sided injury. This allows a precise surgical incision to be made, thereby avoiding extensive approaches and possible wound-related complications. Technique Video Video 1 This Technical Note describes the arthroscopic medial compartment drive-through sign for medial collateral ligament complex injuries. It can be used to assess the degree of medial compartment opening and to localize the site of the injury. This information allows a precise surgical incision to be made and therefore may reduce the risk of wound complications.
| S-EPMC9134124 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Pie-crusting technique is a damage-control soft tissue balance skill of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The outcome of this technique to release lateral soft tissue is reasonable. A limited number of studies have focused on medial collateral ligament release with pie-crusting technique in the past years because of concerns about its efficacy and safety.All cases underwent superficial medial collateral ligament (SMCL) release with either pie-crusting technique or traditional technique (39 knees in each group) between January 1, 2014 and August 31, 2015. A comparison study between two techniques was performed; meanwhile, 23 patients (26 knees) in pie-crusting group were followed up. Data including knee function, radiographic result and complications were analysed.Comparison study demonstrates that pie-crusting technique can achieve a comparable or even better effect of alignment correction. Data of follow-up patients are reasonable. The mean postoperative flexion contracture is 1.2 ± 3.6°. The mean postoperative motion arrange is 104.0 ± 14.4°. The mean postoperative hospital for special surgery knee score point is 82.0 ± 7.4 points. The mean postoperative femoral tibial angle is 172.4 ± 2.0°. The level of joint line elevates around 2.1 ± 1.9 mm. There are four knees that use brace after operation, and none of them present unstable knee. No severe complication has been reported, and most patients were satisfied with life quality.Using pie-crusting technique to release SMCL for TKA is effective and safe.Although pie-crusting technique has been used in TKA for years, it is seldom chosen to release medial collateral ligament, especially to release SMCL, which is a vital step of malalignment correction. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this technique in total knee arthroplasty patients.
| S-EPMC5892387 | biostudies-other
Project description:There are several surgical techniques for medial collateral ligament reconstruction, including anatomic or nonanatomic medial knee reconstruction. Although the medial collateral ligament consists of the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) and deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL), surgical procedures have only been described for reconstruction of the sMCL alone or reconstruction of the sMCL and posterior oblique ligament. The dMCL assists the knee in rotational stability, primarily in extension, moving into early flexion. We describe sMCL and dMCL reconstruction with semitendinosus and gracilis autografts using adjustable-length loop suspensory fixation devices for tibial fixation. By use of our technique, it is possible to provide good stability and satisfactory results for medial instability of the knee.
| S-EPMC6620564 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Combined posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries represent a complex pathology that requires a thorough clinical and radiographic examination to diagnose and identify all injured structures. Anatomic reconstruction of the injured ligaments is recommended, including double-bundle PCL reconstruction and superficial MCL augmentation. In the setting of this complex reconstruction, several technical aspects require consideration and preoperative planning, including the risk of femoral tunnel convergence on the medial aspect of the femoral condyle. This article details our technique for combined anatomic double-bundle PCL reconstruction and superficial MCL augmentation to avoid tunnel convergence. Level I (knee); level II (PCL).
| S-EPMC6823869 | biostudies-literature