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Transmission of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella harboring a bla_CMY-2-carrying IncA/C₂ plasmid chromosomally integrated by ISEcp1 or IS26 in layer breeding chains in Japan.

ABSTRACT: Dissemination of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Salmonella is a public health concern in the egg production industry. ESC-resistant Salmonella often acquires the bla gene via insertion sequences (ISs). Therefore, this study aimed to assess antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella from Japanese layer breeding chains and egg processing chains, and determine the genetic profiles of IS-like elements in ESC-resistant Salmonella. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on 224 isolates from 49 facilities involving layer breeder farms, hatcheries, pullet-rearing farms, and layer farms in breeding chains along with egg processing chains. ESC-resistant Salmonella strains were whole-genome sequenced. Among them, 40 (17.9%) were resistant to at least streptomycin, tetracycline, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cefpodoxime, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and/or kanamycin despite lacking resistance to azithromycin and meropenem. Moreover, 15 were ESC-resistant Salmonella harboring bla_CMY-2 (Salmonella enterica serovar Ohio, n=12; S. Braenderup, n=1; untypeable with O7:b:-, n=1) and bla_CTX-M-14 (S. Cerro, n=1). IncA/C₂ plasmids containing ISEcp1, IS26, and multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (including bla_CMY-2) were identified in S. Ohio isolates from pullet-rearing and layer farms belonging to the same company. Chromosomal integration of partial or whole IncA/C₂ plasmids was seen with two S. Ohio isolates via ISEcp1 or IS26, respectively. Antimicrobial resistance genes such as bla_CMY-2 might be transmitted among the upper and the lower levels of layer breeding chains via the replicon type IncA/C₂ plasmids containing ISEcp1 and IS26.

SUBMITTER: Shigemura H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8498838 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important causative agent of gastroenteritis, with the consumption of contaminated seafood being the major transmission route. Resistance to penicillin is common among V. parahaemolyticus strains, whereas cephalosporin resistance remains rare. In an attempt to assess the current prevalence and characteristics of antibiotic resistance of this pathogen in common food samples, a total of 54 (17% of the total samples) V. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated from 318 meat and seafood samples purchased from supermarkets and wet markets in Shenzhen, China, in 2013. These isolates exhibited high-level resistance to ampicillin, yet they were mostly susceptible to other antimicrobials, except for two that were resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. The ?-lactamase gene blaPER-1 was detectable in one strain, V. parahaemolyticus V43, which was resistant to both third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins. Compared to other blaPER-1-positive V. parahaemolyticus strains reported in our previous studies, strain V43 was found to harbor an ?200-kb conjugative plasmid carrying genes that were different from the antimicrobial resistance genes reported from the previous studies. The ?-lactamase gene blaCMY-2 was detectable for the first time in another V. parahaemolyticus isolate, V4, which was resistant to third-generation cephalosporins. This blaCMY-2 gene was shown to be located in an ?150-kb IncA/C-type conjugative plasmid with a genetic structure consisting of traB-traV-traA-ISEcp1-blaCMY-2-blc-sugE-encR-orf1-orf2-orf3-orf4-dsbC-traC, which is identical to that of other IncA/C conjugative plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae, albeit with a different size. These findings indicate that the transmission of extended-spectrum-?-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC ?-lactamase genes via conjugative plasmids can mediate the development of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in V. parahaemolyticus, thereby posing a potential threat to public health.

Project description:BackgroundCarbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) has been categorized as pathogens of critical priority by World Health organization (WHO) as they pose significant threat to global public health. Carbapenemase production considered as the principal resistance mechanism against carbapenems and with the recent surge and expansion of carbapenemases and its variants among clinically significant bacteria in India, the present study reports expansion blaOXA-78 and blaOXA-58 of in CRE of clinical origin.MethodsBacterial isolates were collected from a tertiary referral hospital and identified through VITEK® 2 Compact automated System (Biomerieux, France). Rapidec® Carba NP (Biomerieux, France) was used to investigate carbapenemase production followed by antibiotic susceptibility testing through Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method and agar dilution method. Class D carbapenemase genes were targeted through PCR assay followed by investigation of horizontal transmission of blaOXA-58 and blaOXA-78. Whole genome sequencing was carried out using Illumina platform to investigate the genetic context of blaOXA-58 and blaOXA-78 genes and further characterization of the CRE isolates.ResultsThe carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (BJD_EC456) and Serratia marcescens (BJD_SM81) received during the study from the tertiary referral hospital were isolated from sputum and blood samples respectively. PCR assay followed by whole genome sequencing revealed that the isolates co-harbor blaOXA-58 and blaOXA-78, a variant of blaOXA-51. Horizontal transfer of blaOXA-58 and blaOXA-78 genes were unsuccessful as these genes were located on the chromosome of the study isolates. Transposon Tn6080 was linked to blaOXA-78 in the upstream region while the insertion sequences ISAba26 and ISCfr1 were identified in the upstream and downstream region of blaOXA-58 gene respectively. In addition, both the isolates were co-harboring multiple antibiotic resistance genes conferring clinical resistance towards beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluroquinolones, sulphonamides, tetracyclines. BJD_EC180 belonged to ST2437 while BJD_SM81 was of an unknown sequence type. The nucleotide sequences of blaOXA-78 (OQ533021) and blaOXA-58 (OQ533022) have been deposited in GenBank.ConclusionsThe study provides a local epidemiological information regarding carbapenem resistance aided by transposon and insertion sequences associated blaOXA-78 and blaOXA-58 genes associated and warrants continuous monitoring to prevent their further dissemination into carbapenem non-susceptible strains thereby contributing to carbapenem resistance burden which is currently a global concern.

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Transmission of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella harboring a bla_CMY-2-carrying IncA/C₂ plasmid chromosomally integrated by ISEcp1 or IS26 in layer breeding chains in Japan.

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Dataset Information

Transmission of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella harboring a blaCMY-2-carrying IncA/C2 plasmid chromosomally integrated by ISEcp1 or IS26 in layer breeding chains in Japan.

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Transmission of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella harboring a bla_CMY-2-carrying IncA/C₂ plasmid chromosomally integrated by ISEcp1 or IS26 in layer breeding chains in Japan.