Waning Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations Among Adults, 2015-2016 to 2018-2019, United States Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ferdinands JM
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8499703 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Waning Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations Among Adults, 2015-2016 to 2018-2019, United States Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network.
Ferdinands Jill M JM Gaglani Manjusha M Martin Emily T ET Monto Arnold S AS Middleton Donald D Silveira Fernanda F Talbot H Keipp HK Zimmerman Richard R Patel Manish M
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20210801 4
We observed decreased effectiveness of influenza vaccine with increasing time since vaccination for prevention of influenza A(H3N2), influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, and influenza B/Yamagata-associated hospitalizations among adults. Maximum vaccine effectiveness (VE) was observed shortly after vaccination, followed by an absolute decline in VE of about 8%-9% per month postvaccination. ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundEvidence for vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza-associated pneumonia has varied by season, location, and strain. We estimate VE against hospitalization for radiographically identified influenza-associated pneumonia during 2015-2016 to 2017-2018 seasons in the US Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN).MethodsAmong adults aged ≥18 years admitted to 10 US hospitals for acute respiratory illness (ARI), clinician-investigators used keywords from reports of chest imaging performed during 3 days around hospital admission to assign a diagnosis of "definite/probable pneumonia." We used a test-negative design to estimate VE against hospitalization for radiographically identified laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated pneumonia, comparing reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza cases with test-negative subjects. Influenza vaccination status was documented in immunization records or self-reported, including date and location. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to adjust for age, site, season, calendar-time, and other factors.ResultsOf 4843 adults hospitalized with ARI included in the primary analysis, 266 (5.5%) had "definite/probable pneumonia" and confirmed influenza. Adjusted VE against hospitalization for any radiographically confirmed influenza-associated pneumonia was 38% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17-53%); by type/subtype, it was 74% (95% CI, 52-87%) influenza A (H1N1)pdm09, 25% (95% CI, -15% to 50%) A (H3N2), and 23% (95% CI, -32% to 54%) influenza B. Adjusted VE against intensive care for any influenza was 57% (95% CI, 19-77%).ConclusionsInfluenza vaccination was modestly effective among adults in preventing hospitalizations and the need for intensive care associated with influenza pneumonia. VE was significantly higher against A (H1N1)pdm09 and was low against A (H3N2) and B.
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