Dataset Information

Joint Estimation Of Generation Time And Incubation Period For Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19).

ABSTRACT:

Background

COVID-19 has caused a heavy disease burden globally, but impact of process and the timing of data collection on the accuracy of estimation of key epidemiological distributions are unclear. Since infection times are typically unobserved, there are relatively few estimates of the generation time distribution.

Methods

We developed a statistical framework to jointly estimate the generation time and incubation period from human-to-human transmission pairs, accounting for sampling biases. We applied the framework on 80 laboratory-confirmed human-to-human transmission pairs in China. We further inferred the infectiousness profile, serial interval distribution, proportions of pre-symptomatic transmission, and basic reproduction number () for COVID-19.

Results

The estimated mean incubation period was 4.8 days (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.1-5.6), and the mean generation time was 5.7 days (95% CI, 4.8-6.5). The estimated based on the estimated generation time was 2.2 (95% CI, 1.9-2.4). A simulation study suggested that our approach could provide unbiased estimates, and insensitive to the width of exposure windows.

Conclusions

Properly accounting for the timing and process of data collection is critical to have correct estimates of generation time and incubation period. can be biased when it is derived based on serial interval as the proxy of generation time.

SUBMITTER: Lau YC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8499762 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Background:A novel human coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified in China in December 2019. There is limited support for many of its key epidemiologic features, including the incubation period for clinical disease (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]), which has important implications for surveillance and control activities. Objective:To estimate the length of the incubation period of COVID-19 and describe its public health implications. Design:Pooled analysis of confirmed COVID-19 cases reported between 4 January 2020 and 24 February 2020. Setting:News reports and press releases from 50 provinces, regions, and countries outside Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Participants:Persons with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection outside Hubei province, China. Measurements:Patient demographic characteristics and dates and times of possible exposure, symptom onset, fever onset, and hospitalization. Results:There were 181 confirmed cases with identifiable exposure and symptom onset windows to estimate the incubation period of COVID-19. The median incubation period was estimated to be 5.1 days (95% CI, 4.5 to 5.8 days), and 97.5% of those who develop symptoms will do so within 11.5 days (CI, 8.2 to 15.6 days) of infection. These estimates imply that, under conservative assumptions, 101 out of every 10 000 cases (99th percentile, 482) will develop symptoms after 14 days of active monitoring or quarantine. Limitation:Publicly reported cases may overrepresent severe cases, the incubation period for which may differ from that of mild cases. Conclusion:This work provides additional evidence for a median incubation period for COVID-19 of approximately 5 days, similar to SARS. Our results support current proposals for the length of quarantine or active monitoring of persons potentially exposed to SARS-CoV-2, although longer monitoring periods might be justified in extreme cases. Primary Funding Source:U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.

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