Dataset Information

A Digital Microscreen for the Enhanced Appearance of Ocular Prosthetic Motility (an American Ophthalmological Society Thesis).

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

This study aims to improve the apparent motility of ocular prosthetic devices using technology. Prevailing ocular prostheses are acrylic shells with a static eye image rendered on the convex surface. A limited range of ocular prosthetic movement and lack of natural saccadic movements commonly causes the appearance of eye misalignment that may be disfiguring. Digital screens and computational systems may obviate current limitations in eye prosthetic motility and help prosthetic wearers feel less self-conscious about their appearance.

Methods

We applied convoluted neural networks (CNNs) to track pupil location in various conditions. These algorithms were coupled to a microscreen digital prosthetic eye (DPE) prototype to assess the ability of the system to capture full ocular ductions and saccadic movements in a miniaturized, portable, and wearable system.

Results

The CNNs captured pupil location with high accuracy. Pupil location data were transmitted to a miniature screen ocular prosthetic prototype that displayed a dynamic contralateral eye image. The transmission achieved a full range of ocular ductions and with grossly undetectable latency. Lack of iris and sclera color and detail, as well as constraints in luminosity, dimensionality and image stability limited the real eye appearance. Yet, the digitally rendered eye moved in the same amplitude and velocity as the native, tracked eye.

Conclusions

Real-time image processing using CNNs coupled to microcameras and a miniscreen DPE may offer improvements in amplitude and velocity of apparent prosthetic eye movement. These developments, along with ocular image precision, may offer a next-generation eye prosthesis. NOTE: Publication of this article is sponsored by the American Ophthalmological Society.

SUBMITTER: Tao JP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8502785 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

A Digital Microscreen for the Enhanced Appearance of Ocular Prosthetic Motility (an American Ophthalmological Society Thesis).

Tao Jeremiah P JP Charlson Emily S ES Zhu Yinheng Y Guo Zonglin Z Chen Wanli W Zhan Xun X Shi Hongjian H Harris Ian G IG

American journal of ophthalmology 20210411

<h4>Purpose</h4>This study aims to improve the apparent motility of ocular prosthetic devices using technology. Prevailing ocular prostheses are acrylic shells with a static eye image rendered on the convex surface. A limited range of ocular prosthetic movement and lack of natural saccadic movements commonly causes the appearance of eye misalignment that may be disfiguring. Digital screens and computational systems may obviate current limitations in eye prosthetic motility and help prosthetic we ...[more]

PMID: 33852909

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Project description:PurposeMutations of keratoepithelin (KE) and myocilin (MYOC) have been linked to certain types of inherited corneal stromal dystrophy and open-angle glaucoma, respectively. In this study, the feasibility of using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to suppress the expression of keratoepithelin and myocilin and their capabilities to reduce the related cytotoxic effects caused by mutant myocilins were investigated.MethodscDNAs of human KE gene and myocilin gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and subcloned into pEGFP-N1 to construct respective plasmids, KEpEGFP and MYOCpEGFP, to produce fluorescence-generating fusion proteins. Short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) were generated from an RNA polymerase III promoter-driven vector (pH1-RNA). Transformed HEK293 and trabecular meshwork (TM) cells were cotransfected via liposomes with either KEpEGFP or MYOCpEGFP and respective shRNA-generating plasmids to evaluate the suppression efficacy of shRNAs. Suppression of KE-EGFP by KE-specific shRNAs was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting. Suppression of MYOC-EGFP by myocilin-specific shRNAs was quantified with UN-SCAN-IT software on digitized protein bands of Western blots. A BiP promoter-driven luciferase reporter assay was used to evaluate the stress response of TM cells induced by misfolded mutant myocilins.ResultsTwo KE-specific shRNAs that effectively suppressed the expression of KE-EGFP in HEK293 cells were identified. One shRNA (targeting the coding sequence starting at 1528bp of KE) reduced the expression of KE-EGFP approximately by 50%, whereas the other shRNA (targeting the 3'-UTR region of KE) suppressed greater than 80% of the expression. Cotransfection of MYOCpEGFP and various shRNA-generating plasmids targeting different regions of myocilin (containing amino acid residues R76, E352, K423, or N480 associated with inherited glaucoma) showed effective reduction of MYOC-EGFP, ranging from 78% to 90% on average. The activation of BiP gene (as a stress response induced by mutant myocilins) in transformed TM cells was significantly reduced when mutant myocilin proteins were suppressed by myocilin-specific shRNAs.ConclusionsKE- or myocilin-specific shRNAs could effectively suppress the expression of recombinant KE or myocilin proteins and the related cytotoxicity of mutant myocilins. RNA interference may have future therapeutic implications in suppressing these genes.

Dataset Information

A Digital Microscreen for the Enhanced Appearance of Ocular Prosthetic Motility (an American Ophthalmological Society Thesis).

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

A Digital Microscreen for the Enhanced Appearance of Ocular Prosthetic Motility (an American Ophthalmological Society Thesis).

Similar Datasets

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