Headaches associated with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective cross-sectional study
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ABSTRACT: Objectives:
The prevalence and characteristics of COVID-19-related headaches are not
SUBMITTER: Souza D
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8511910 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundHeadache is the most frequent neurological adverse event following SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We investigated the frequency, characteristics, and factors associated with post-vaccination headaches, including their occurrence and prolongation (≥ 48 h).MethodsIn this observational cross-sectional cohort study, retrospective data collected between April 2021-March 2022 were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to evaluate the effect of clinicodemographic factors on the odds of post-vaccination headache occurrence and prolongation.ResultsOf 2,500 people who were randomly sent the questionnaire, 1822 (mean age: 34.49 ± 11.09, female: 71.5%) were included. Headache prevalence following the first (V1), second (V2), and third (V3) dose was 36.5, 23.3, and 21.7%, respectively (p < 0.001). Post-vaccination headaches were mainly tension-type (46.5%), followed by migraine-like (36.1%). Headaches were mainly bilateral (69.7%), pressing (54.3%), moderate (51.0%), and analgesic-responsive (63.0%). They mainly initiated 10 h [4.0, 24.0] after vaccination and lasted 24 h [4.0, 48.0]. After adjusting for age and sex, primary headaches (V1: aOR: 1.32 [95%CI: 1.08, 1.62], V2: 1.64 [1.15, 2.35]), post-COVID-19 headaches (V2: 2.02 [1.26, 3.31], V3: 2.83 [1.17, 7.47]), headaches following the previous dose (V1 for V2: 30.52 [19.29, 50.15], V1 for V3: 3.78 [1.80, 7.96], V2 for V3: 12.41 [4.73, 35.88]), vector vaccines (V1: 3.88 [3.07, 4.92], V2: 2.44 [1.70, 3.52], V3: 4.34 [1.78, 12.29]), and post-vaccination fever (V1: 4.72 [3.79, 5.90], V2: 6.85 [4.68, 10.10], V3: 9.74 [4.56, 22.10]) increased the odds of post-vaccination headaches. Furthermore, while primary headaches (V1: 0.63 [0.44, 0.90]) and post-COVID-19 headaches (V1: 0.01 [0.00, 0.05]) reduced the odds of prolonged post-vaccination headaches, psychiatric disorders (V1: 2.58 [1.05, 6.45]), headaches lasting ≥48 h following the previous dose (V1 for V2: 3.10 [1.08, 10.31]), and migraine-like headaches at the same dose (V3: 5.39 [1.15, 32.47]) increased this odds.ConclusionPatients with primary headaches, post-COVID-19 headaches, or headaches following the previous dose, as well as vector-vaccine receivers and those with post-vaccination fever, were at increased risk of post-SARS-CoV-2-vaccination headaches. Primary headaches and post-COVID-19 headaches reduced the odds of prolonged post-vaccination headaches. However, longer-lasting headaches following the previous dose, migraine-like headaches at the same dose, and psychiatric disorders increased this odd.
| S-EPMC10433229 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Following COVID-19 infection, many patients suffer from long-lasting symptoms that may greatly impair their quality of life. Persisting dyspnea and other functional respiratory complaints can evoke hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) as a putative contributor to long-COVID presentation in COVID-19 survivors. We aimed to assess the possible relationship between HVS and previous acute COVID-19 infection. We designed a cross-sectional, single-center study, including all patients consecutively referred to our Lung Function and Exercise Testing Department between January and June 2021. Participants completed a systematic Nijmegen Questionnaire, a modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale assessment, a post-COVID screening questionnaire, and performed a standardized lung function test. The population was divided according to HVS diagnosis, defined as a Nijmegen score of > 23/64. The occurrence of previous COVID-19 infection was compared according to the Nijmegen score after adjustment for potential confounders by multivariate logistic regression. In total, 2846 patients were included: 1472 men (51.7%) with a mean age of 56 (±16.6) years. A total of 455 patients (16%) declared a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and 590 patients presented a positive score (>23/64) in the Nijmegen Questionnaire (20.7%). Compared with COVID-19-free patients, there was an increased occurrence of HVS+ in cases of COVID-19 infection that did not require hospitalization (aOR = 1.93 [1.17−3.18]). The results of this large-scale, cross-sectional study suggest an association between HVS diagnosis and a history of COVID-19 disease in patients who were not hospitalized.
| S-EPMC9690850 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The aim of the study was to investigate the real-life experience of persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Slovenia in the first pandemic wave and how the buffering effect of social and informational support affected negative feelings. We used a self-administrated questionnaire. There were 1182 eligible notified cases with the response rate 64.9%. At least 62% of responders were able to follow the isolation rules, while 21.1% did not or could not organize their living separately from other household members. The main providers during the isolation period were close family members. The most prevalent emotion in our study was worry (70.3%) and fear (37.6%). Worry and fear during the illness were less probable for men than women, but more probable for older patients. Participants with strong emotional support had lower odds of being sad. Those who were exposed to a larger number of sources of information had higher odds of being worried. Those patients who used a higher number of more credible sources of information had higher odds of being afraid during illness. Pets did not play a special role in psychological well-being. The role of the media and public health communications should be explored further to achieve an improved response.
| S-EPMC9566657 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Temporary changes in the menstrual cycle have recently been reported following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. In the current study, we aimed to screen menstrual cycle changes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in Saudi Arabia. The type and duration of these changes have been screened in relation to the severity of coronavirus disease symptoms and vaccination status. In total, 956 individuals responded: sixty-nine did not get the COVID-19 vaccine, while the remaining were vaccinated with either a single dose of ChAdOx1 vaccine (n:45) or BNT162b2 vaccine (n: 142) or two doses of the vaccine (n:700) using BNT162b2 (n:477), ChAdOx1 (n:89) or ChAdOx1/ BNT162b2 (n:134). Approximately 26.1% (18/69) of the subjects who did not receive the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and 15.3% (29/188) and 26.4% (185/700) of the subjects who received single and double doses of the vaccines, respectively, reported menstrual cycle changes. The persistence of menstrual cycle changes for more than six months was reported by 6.4% (61/956) of the participants. These changes were significantly correlated with the severity of COVID-19 infection. We concluded that menstrual cycle changes, associated with COVID-19 infection, increase due to the severity of COVID-19 infection. Thus, menstrual cycle changes are among the long-term effects associated with COVID-19 infection.
| S-EPMC9767340 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We examined the association between face masks and risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 using cross-sectional data from 3,209 participants in a randomized trial exploring the effectiveness of glasses in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Face mask use was based on participants' response to the end-of-follow-up survey. We found that the incidence of self-reported COVID-19 was 33% (aRR 1.33; 95% CI 1.03-1.72) higher in those wearing face masks often or sometimes, and 40% (aRR 1.40; 95% CI 1.08-1.82) higher in those wearing face masks almost always or always, compared to participants who reported wearing face masks never or almost never. We believe the observed increase in the incidence of infection associated with wearing a face mask is likely due to unobservable and hence nonadjustable differences between those wearing and not wearing a mask. Observational studies reporting on the relationship between face mask use and risk of respiratory infections should be interpreted cautiously, and more randomized trials are needed.
| S-EPMC10728967 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundUnderstanding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and transmission in educational settings is crucial for ensuring the safety of staff and children during the COVID-19 pandemic. We estimated the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection and outbreaks among staff and students in educational settings during the summer half-term (June-July, 2020) in England.MethodsIn this prospective, cross-sectional analysis, Public Health England initiated enhanced national surveillance in educational settings in England that had reopened after the first national lockdown, from June 1 to July 17, 2020. Educational settings were categorised as early years settings (<5-year-olds), primary schools (5-11-year-olds; only years 1 and 6 allowed to return), secondary schools (11-18-year-olds; only years 10 and 12), or mixed-age settings (spanning a combination of the above). Further education colleges were excluded. Data were recorded in HPZone, an online national database for events that require public health management. RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 event rates and case rates were calculated for staff and students, and direction of transmission was inferred on the basis of symptom onset and testing dates. Events were classified as single cases, coprimary cases (at least two confirmed cases within 48 h, typically within the same household), and outbreaks (at least two epidemiologically linked cases, with sequential cases diagnosed within 14 days in the same educational setting). All events were followed up for 28 days after educational settings closed for the summer holidays. Negative binomial regression was used to correlate educational setting events with regional population, population density, and community incidence.FindingsA median of 38?000 early years settings (IQR 35?500-41?500), 15?600 primary schools (13?450-17?300), and 4000 secondary schools (3700-4200) were open each day, with a median daily attendance of 928?000 students (630?000-1?230?000) overall. There were 113 single cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, nine coprimary cases, and 55 outbreaks. The risk of an outbreak increased by 72% (95% CI 28-130) for every five cases per 100?000 population increase in community incidence (p<0·0001). Staff had higher incidence than students (27 cases [95% CI 23-32] per 100?000 per day among staff compared with 18 cases [14-24] in early years students, 6·0 cases [4·3-8·2] in primary schools students, and 6·8 cases [2·7-14] in secondary school students]), and most cases linked to outbreaks were in staff members (154 [73%] staff vs 56 [27%] children of 210 total cases). Probable direction of transmission was staff to staff in 26 outbreaks, staff to student in eight outbreaks, student to staff in 16 outbreaks, and student to student in five outbreaks. The median number of secondary cases in outbreaks was one (IQR 1-2) for student index cases and one (1-5) for staff index cases.InterpretationSARS-CoV-2 infections and outbreaks were uncommon in educational settings during the summer half-term in England. The strong association with regional COVID-19 incidence emphasises the importance of controlling community transmission to protect educational settings. Interventions should focus on reducing transmission in and among staff.FundingPublic Health England.
| S-EPMC7833602 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHeadaches are more frequent in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) than healthy control (HC) subjects. The 2004 International Headache Society (IHS) criteria were used to define CFS headache phenotypes.MethodsSubjects in Cohort 1 (HC = 368; CFS = 203) completed questionnaires about many diverse symptoms by giving nominal (yes/no) answers. Cohort 2 (HC = 21; CFS = 67) had more focused evaluations. They scored symptom severities on 0 to 4 anchored ordinal scales, and had structured headache evaluations. All subjects had history and physical examinations; assessments for exclusion criteria; questionnaires about CFS related symptoms (0 to 4 scale), Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) and Medical Outcome Survey Short Form 36 (MOS SF-36).ResultsDemographics, trends for the number of diffuse "functional" symptoms present, and severity of CFS case designation criteria symptoms were equivalent between CFS subjects in Cohorts 1 and 2. HC had significantly fewer symptoms, lower MFI and higher SF-36 domain scores than CFS in both cohorts. Migraine headaches were found in 84%, and tension-type headaches in 81% of Cohort 2 CFS. This compared to 5% and 45%, respectively, in HC. The CFS group had migraine without aura (60%; MO; CFS+MO), with aura (24%; CFS+MA), tension headaches only (12%), or no headaches (4%). Co-morbid tension and migraine headaches were found in 67% of CFS. CFS+MA had higher severity scores than CFS+MO for the sum of scores for poor memory, dizziness, balance, and numbness ("Neuro-construct", p = 0.002) and perceived heart rhythm disturbances, palpitations and noncardiac chest pain ("Cardio-construct"; p = 0.045, t-tests after Bonferroni corrections). CFS+MO subjects had lower pressure-induced pain thresholds (2.36 kg [1.95-2.78; 95% C.I.] n = 40) and a higher prevalence of fibromyalgia (47%; 1990 criteria) compared to HC (5.23 kg [3.95-6.52] n = 20; and 0%, respectively). Sumatriptan was beneficial for 13 out of 14 newly diagnosed CFS migraine subjects.ConclusionsCFS subjects had higher prevalences of MO and MA than HC, suggesting that mechanisms of migraine pathogenesis such as central sensitization may contribute to CFS pathophysiology.Clinical trial registrationGeorgetown University IRB # 2006-481
| S-EPMC3058027 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo determine whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is present in the vaginal secretions of both reproductive-aged and postmenopausal women during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.DesignProspective study.SettingA single tertiary, university-affiliated medical centre in Israel. Time period, 1 June 2020 through to 31 July 2020.PopulationWomen who were hospitalised in a single tertiary medical centre, who were diagnosed with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection by a nasopharyngeal RT-PCR test.MethodsWomen were diagnosed with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection by a nasopharyngeal RT-PCR test. Vaginal RT-PCR swabs were obtained from all study participants after a proper cleansing of the perineum.Main outcome measuresDetection of SARS-CoV-2 in vaginal RT-PCR swabs.ResultsVaginal and nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from 35 women, aged 21-93 years. Twenty-one women (60%) were in their reproductive years, of whom, five were in their third trimester of pregnancy. Most of the participants (57%) were healthy without any underlying medical conditions. Of the 35 patients sampled, 2 (5.7%) had a positive vaginal RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, one was premenopausal and the other was a postmenopausal woman. Both women had mild disease.ConclusionOur findings contradict most previous reports, which did not detect the presence of viral colonisation in the vagina. Although passage through the birth canal exposes neonates to the vaginal polymicrobial flora, an acquisition of pathogens does not necessarily mandate neonatal infection or clinical disease. Nevertheless, when delivering the infant of a woman with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, a clinician should consider the possibility of vaginal colonisation, even if it is uncommon.Tweetable abstractWhen delivering the infant of a woman with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, a clinician should consider the possibility of vaginal colonisation.
| S-EPMC7675593 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the reorganization of health services to cater to the needs of individuals affected by the virus.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the association between musculoskeletal pain during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection and the utilization of health services among adults in southern Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with individuals aged 18 years and older, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between December 2020 and March 2021. Questionnaires were electronically collected using tablets through the REDCap platform via phone calls. The health service utilization outcomes assessed included Primary Health Care, general practitioners, private emergency care, and specialized services. The exposure variable was the presence of musculoskeletal pain during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in different regions, such as cervical, upper limbs, thoracic, lumbar, and lower limbs. Poisson regression analysis was employed to assess the relationship between health service utilization during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection and musculoskeletal pain during and after the infection with SARS-CoV-2 among adults in southern Brazil. Data were analyzed using the Stata 16.1 statistical package. RESULTS: A total of 2,919 individuals were interviewed. Overall, individuals with musculoskeletal pain were found to utilize health services approximately 15 percentage points higher when compared to those without musculoskeletal pain. In adjusted analysis, individuals who reported musculoskeletal pain during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection were up to twice as likely to use health services. Among them, the emergency care unit was the most frequently used service, particularly in those with pain in the lower limbs (RP=2.19, 95% CI 1.66-2.87) and thoracic region (RP=2.04, 95% CI 1.47-2.84). Notably, the highest magnitudes of association were observed with emergency care units, specialist doctors, and specialized services, especially neurologists, who were two to three times more likely to be sought, followed by pulmonologists. CONCLUSION: Health service utilization was significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection. All regions, except for the cervical region, showed a correlation with the use of Primary Health Care. The thoracic region featured an association with pulmonologists and emergency room utilization. Additionally, health services like emergency care units, specialist doctors, and specialized services, including cardiologists and neurologists, were commonly utilized across all regions in southern Brazil.
| S-EPMC10463908 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPersistent headache is a frequent symptom after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and there is currently limited knowledge about its clinical spectrum and predisposing factors. A subset of patients may be experiencing new daily persistent headache (NDPH) after COVID-19, which is among the most treatment-refractory primary headache syndromes.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in Latin America to characterize individuals with persistent headache after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and to identify factors associated with NDPH. Participants over 18 years old who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection and reported persistent headache among their symptoms completed an online survey that included demographics, past medical history, persistent headache clinical characteristics, and COVID-19 vaccination status. Based on participants' responses, NDPH diagnostic criteria were used to group participants into NDPH and non-NDPH groups. Participant data was summarized by descriptive statistics. Student's t and Mann-Whitney U tests were used according to the distribution of quantitative variables. For categorical variables, Pearson's chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used according to the size of expected frequencies. Binomial logistic regression using the backward stepwise selection method was performed to identify factors associated with NDPH.ResultsFour hundred and twenty-one participants from 11 Latin American countries met the inclusion criteria. One in four participants met the NDPH diagnostic criteria. The mean age was 40 years, with most participants being female (82%). Over 90% of the participants reported having had mild/moderate COVID-19. Most participants had a history of headache before developing COVID-19 (58%), mainly migraine type (32%). The most predominant clinical characteristics in the NDPH group were occipital location, severe/unbearable intensity, burning character, and radiating pain (p < 0.05). A higher proportion of anxiety symptoms, sleep problems, myalgia, mental fog, paresthesia, nausea, sweating of the face or forehead, and ageusia or hypogeusia as concomitant symptoms were reported in participants with NDPH (p < 0.05). Palpebral edema as a concomitant symptom during the acute phase of COVID-19, occipital location, and burning character of the headache were risk factors associated with NDPH.ConclusionThis is the first study in Latin America that explored the clinical spectrum of NDPH after SARS-CoV-2 infection and its associated factors. Clinical evaluation of COVID-19 patients presenting with persistent headache should take into consideration NDPH.
| S-EPMC10722794 | biostudies-literature