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Layered Double Hydroxide (MgFeAl-LDH)-Based Polypropylene (PP) Nanocomposite: Mechanical Properties and Thermal Degradation.

ABSTRACT: This work analyzes the thermal degradation and mechanical properties of iron (Fe)-containing MgAl layered double hydroxide (LDH)-based polypropylene (PP) nanocomposite. Ternary metal (MgFeAl) LDHs were prepared using the urea hydrolysis method, and Fe was used in two different concentrations (5 and 10 mol%). Nanocomposites containing MgFeAl-LDH and PP were prepared using the melt mixing method by a small-scale compounder. Three different loadings of LDHs were used in PP (2.5, 5, and 7.5 wt%). Rheological properties were determined by rheometer, and flammability was studied using the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL94 (V and HB). Color parameters (L*, a*, b*) and opacity of PP nanocomposites were measured with a spectrophotometer. Mechanical properties were analyzed with a universal testing machine (UTM) and Charpy impact test. The thermal behavior of MgFeAl-LDH/PP nanocomposites was studied using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The morphology of LDH/PP nanocomposites was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). A decrease in melt viscosity and increase in burning rate were observed in the case of iron (Fe)-based PP nanocomposites. A decrease in mechanical properties interpreted as increased catalytic degradation was also observed in iron (Fe)-containing PP nanocomposites. Such types of LDH/PP nanocomposites can be useful where faster degradation or faster recycling of polymer nanocomposites is required because of environmental issues.

SUBMITTER: Naseem S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8512664 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Sonication-assisted delamination of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) resulted in smaller-sized LDH nanoparticles (∼50-200 nm). Such delaminated Co-Al LDH, Zn-Al LDH, and Co-Zn-Al LDH solutions were used for the preparation of highly dispersed isotactic polypropylene (iPP) nanocomposites. Transmission electron microscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction results revealed that the LDH nanoparticles were well dispersed within the iPP matrix. The intention of this study is to understand the influence of the intralayer metal composition of LDH on the various properties of iPP/LDH nanocomposites. The sonicated LDH nanoparticles showed a significant increase in the crystallization rate of iPP; however, not much difference in the crystallization rate of iPP was observed in the presence of different types of LDH. The dynamic mechanical analysis results indicated that the storage modulus of iPP was increased significantly with the addition of LDH. The incorporation of different types of LDH showed no influence on the storage modulus of iPP. But considerable differences were observed in the flame retardancy and thermal stability of iPP with the type of LDH used for the preparation of nanocomposites. The thermal stability (50% weight loss temperature (T 0.5)) of the iPP nanocomposite containing three-metal LDH (Co-Zn-Al LDH) is superior to that of the nanocomposites made of two-metal LDH (Co-Al LDH and Zn-Al LDH). Preliminary studies on the flame-retardant properties of iPP/LDH nanocomposites using microscale combustion calorimetry showed that the peak heat release rate was reduced by 39% in the iPP/Co-Zn-Al LDH nanocomposite containing 6 wt % LDH, which is higher than that of the two-metal LDH containing nanocomposites, iPP/Co-Al LDH (24%) and iPP/Zn-Al LDH (31%). These results demonstrated that the nanocomposites prepared using three-metal LDH showed better thermal and flame-retardant properties compared to the nanocomposites prepared using two-metal LDH. This difference might be due to the better char formation capability of three-metal LDH compared to that of two-metal LDH.

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Layered Double Hydroxide (MgFeAl-LDH)-Based Polypropylene (PP) Nanocomposite: Mechanical Properties and Thermal Degradation.

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