Dataset Information

Cirsiumtaiwanense (Compositae, Cirsiumsect.Onotrophe, subsect. Australicirsium), a new species from Taiwan.

ABSTRACT: A new species of Cirsium, C.taiwanense Y.H.Tseng & Chih Y.Chang from central-northern Taiwan is reported in this article. This species is similar to C.hosokawae Kitam. in having a densely cobwebby abaxial leaf surface, but differs in its yellow (vs. vivid purplish red) corolla and the angle between the midrib and the lateral veins of the leaf, which is acute as opposed to nearly at a right angle in C.hosokawae. Cirsiumtaiwanense has 2n = 32 chromosomes, which is different from the other species in the Taiwanese subsect. Australicirsium Kitam. (2n = 34). An identification key to the Cirsium taxa of Taiwan is presented.

SUBMITTER: Chang CY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8526505 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cirsiumtaiwanense (Compositae, Cirsiumsect.Onotrophe, subsect. Australicirsium), a new species from Taiwan.

Chang Chih-Yi CY Tzeng Hsy-Yu HY Tseng Yen-Hsueh YH

PhytoKeys 20211012

A new species of Cirsium, C.taiwanense Y.H.Tseng & Chih Y.Chang from central-northern Taiwan is reported in this article. This species is similar to C.hosokawae Kitam. in having a densely cobwebby abaxial leaf surface, but differs in its yellow (vs. vivid purplish red) corolla and the angle between the midrib and the lateral veins of the leaf, which is acute as opposed to nearly at a right angle in C.hosokawae. Cirsiumtaiwanense has 2n = 32 chromosomes, ...[more]

PMID: 34720629

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Project description:BackgroundThis study explored chromosome number variation, phylogenetic divergence, and mechanisms underlying speciation in East Asian thistle Cirsium Mill. sect. Onotrophe (Cass.) DC. subsect. Nipponocirsium Kitam. (Compositae). The study focused on the newly identified species from Taiwan: Cirsium pengii Y.H. Tseng, P.C. Liao & Chih Y. Chang. Utilizing phylotranscriptomic data to reconstruct evolutionary relationships between the Taiwanese and Japanese taxa of Cirsium subsect. Nipponocirsium as well as their divergence times and chromosomal characteristics. Additionally, the chromosome number, morphology, and pollen morphology of the unknown Cirsium taxon are compared with other known subsect. Nipponocirsium taxa from Taiwan.ResultsPhylotranscriptomic analysis reveals a division within subsect. Nipponocirsium into Japanese and Taiwanese clades. In the Taiwanese clade, C. pengii is basal, while C. tatakaense remains monophyletic with other Taiwanese species despite higher genetic diversity. The prevalent chromosome number in this subsection is tetraploid (2n = 4x = 68), common in Japanese taxa, while Taiwanese members have 2n = 4x = 64. Notably, C. pengii has a diploid number (2n = 32), indicating descending dysploidy followed by polyploidization in Taiwan. This polyploidization, driven by glaciations, likely shaped the evolution of Nipponocirsium. Divergence time estimates suggest the separation of Japanese and Taiwanese clades around 0.74 million years ago (Myr) during glacial periods. Cirsium pengii diverged around 0.47 Myr, while tetraploid species C. kawakamii and C. tatakaense diverged around 0.35 Myr. These species likely evolved in separate refugia, with distinct species boundaries confirmed through species delimitation analysis, karyotype, morphology, and pollen morphology comparisons.ConclusionsThese findings enhance our understanding of chromosomal evolution and speciation within subsect. Nipponocirsium and underscore the importance of integrating transcriptomic data in phylogenetic studies. This study provides a comprehensive framework for further investigations into the genetic diversity and adaptive mechanisms of this ecologically vital group.

Dataset Information

Cirsiumtaiwanense (Compositae, Cirsiumsect.Onotrophe, subsect. Australicirsium), a new species from Taiwan.

Publications

<i>Cirsiumtaiwanense</i> (Compositae, Cirsiumsect.Onotrophe, subsect. Australicirsium), a new species from Taiwan.

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