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Acetyl-CoA derived from hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation aggravates inflammation by enhancing p65 acetylation

ABSTRACT: Summary Acetylation coordinates many biological processes to ensure cells respond appropriately to nutrients. However, how acetylation regulates lipid surplus-induced inflammation remains poorly understood. Here, we found that a high-fat diet (HFD) enhanced mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, which enhanced acetyl-CoA levels in the liver of the large yellow croaker. The HFD activated ACLY to govern the “citrate transport” to transfer acetyl-CoA from the mitochondria to the nucleus. Elevated acetyl-CoA activated CBP to increase p65 acetylation and then aggravated inflammation. SIRT1 was deactivated with a decline in NAD+/NADH, which further aggravated inflammation. Therefore, acetylation-dependent regulation of transcription factor activity is an adaptation to proinflammatory stimuli under nutrient stress, which was also confirmed in AML12 hepatocytes. In vitro octanoate stimulation further verified that acetyl-CoA derived from fatty acid β-oxidation mediated acetylation homeostasis in the nucleus. The broad therapeutic prospects of intermediate metabolites and acetyltransferases/deacetylases might provide critical insights for the treatment of metabolic diseases in vertebrates. Graphical Abstract Highlights • Lipid surplus improved acetyl-CoA levels and enhanced ac-p65 in the liver• Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation provided acetyl-CoA for p65 acetylation• CBP and SIRT1 regulated p65 acetylation under lipid surplus Pathophysiology; Cellular physiology; Immunology

SUBMITTER: Chen Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8551082 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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