Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

27 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

The giant panda is cryptic

ABSTRACT: The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an iconic mammal, but the function of its black-and-white coloration is mysterious. Using photographs of giant pandas taken in the wild and state-of-the-art image analysis, we confirm the counterintuitive hypothesis that their coloration provides camouflage in their natural environment. The black fur blends into dark shades and tree trunks, whereas white fur matches foliage and snow when present, and intermediate pelage tones match rocks and ground. At longer viewing distances giant pandas show high edge disruption that breaks up their outline, and up close they rely more on background matching. The results are consistent across acuity-corrected canine, feline, and human vision models. We also show quantitatively that the species animal-to-background colour matching falls within the range of other species that are widely recognised as cryptic. Thus, their coloration is an adaptation to provide background matching in the visual environment in which they live and simultaneously to afford distance-dependent disruptive coloration, the latter of which constitutes the first computational evidence of this form of protective coloration in mammals.

SUBMITTER: Nokelainen O

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8553760 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

giant panda gut

Project description:giant panda gut Raw sequence reads

| PRJNA547451 | ENA

Giant panda skin fungus

Project description:All sequence of 18S rRNA of giant panda skin fungus by High-throughput sequenced Raw sequence reads

| PRJNA610450 | ENA

giant panda gut microbiota

Project description:Study for giant panda gut microbiota and cellulose digestion mechanism

| PRJEB24780 | ENA

Transcriptome profiling across five tissues of giant panda

Project description:Gene differential expression studies can serve to explore and understand the laws and 16 characteristics of animal life activities, and the difference in gene expression between different 17 animal tissues have been well demonstrated and studied. However, for the world-famous rare 18 and protected species giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), only the transcriptome of the blood 19 and spleen has been reported separately. Here, in order to explore the transcriptome differences 20 between the different tissues of the giant panda, transcriptome profiles of the heart, liver, spleen, 21 lung, and kidney from five captive giant pandas were constructed with Illumina HiSeq 2500 22 platform. The comparative analysis of the inter-tissue gene expression patterns was carried out 23 based on the generated RNA sequencing datasets. Analyses of Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, 24 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, and protein-protein interaction 25 (PPI) network were performed according to the identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). 26 We generated 194.52 GB clean base data from twenty-five sequencing libraries and identified 27 18,701 genes, including 3492 novel genes. With corrected p-value < 0.05 and |log2FoldChange| > 28 2, we finally obtained 921, 553, 574, 457, and 638 tissue-specific DEGs in the heart, liver, spleen, 29 lung, and kidney, respectively. In addition, we identified TTN, CAV3, LDB3, TRDN, and 30 ACTN2 in the heart; FGA, AHSG, and SERPINC1 in the liver; CD19, CD79B, and IL21R in the 31 spleen; NKX2-4 and SFTPB in the lung; GC and HRG in the kidney as hub genes in the PPI 32 network. The results of the analyses showed a similar gene expression pattern between the spleen 33 and lung. This study provided for the first time the heart, liver, lung, and kidney’s transcriptome 34 resources of the giant panda, and it provided a valuable resource for further genetic research or 35 other potential research.

2020-08-31 | GSE138294 | GEO

Establishment of Giant Panda Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Project description:The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) stands as a flagship and umbrella species, symbolizing global biodiversity. While traditional assisted reproductive technology faces constraints in safeguarding the genetic diversity of giant pandas and bolstering the population size of giant pandas, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) known for their capacity to differentiate into diverse cells types, including germ cells, present a transformative potential for conservation of endangered animals. In our study, we isolated primary fibroblast cells from an individual giant panda and successfully generated giant panda induced pluripotent stem cells (GPiPSCs) through a non-integrating episomal vectors reprogramming method. Characterization of these GPiPSCs revealed their state of primed pluripotency and demonstrated their potential for differentiation. Furthermore, we innovatively formulated a species-specific chemically defined FACL medium and unraveled the intricate signaling pathway networks responsible for maintaining the pluripotency and fostering cell proliferation of GPiPSCs. This study provides key insights into rare species iPSCs, offering materials for panda characteristics research and laying the groundwork for in vitro giant panda gamete generation, potentially aiding endangered species conservation.

2024-09-25 | GSE250292 | GEO

The first skull of the earliest giant panda.

Project description:Fossils of the giant panda Ailuropoda (Order Carnivora, Family Ursidae) are largely isolated teeth, mandibles, and a few rare skulls, known from the late Pliocene to late Pleistocene in China and Southeast Asia. Much of this material represents a Pleistocene chronospecies, Ailuropoda baconi, an animal larger than the living giant panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca. The earliest certain record of Ailuropoda is the late Pliocene chronospecies, Ailuropoda microta, smaller than either A. baconi or A. melanoleuca, and previously known only from teeth and a few mandibles from karst caves in south China. Here, we report the discovery of the first skull of A. microta, establishing its cranial anatomy and demonstrating that the specialized cranial and dental adaptations of Ailuropoda for durophagous feeding behavior centered on bamboo were already evident in this late Pliocene species. The skull from Jinyin cave (Guangxi) and dental remains from other karst localities in southeastern China show that Ailuropoda microta occupied south China from approximately 2 to 2.4 Myr ago after a marked global climatic deterioration. Dental and basicranial anatomy indicate a less specialized morphology early in the history of the lineage and support derivation of the giant panda from the Miocene Asian ursid Ailurarctos.

| S-EPMC1904166 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptome Profiling across Five Tissues of Giant Panda.

Project description:Gene differential expression studies can serve to explore and understand the laws and characteristics of animal life activities, and the difference in gene expression between different animal tissues has been well demonstrated and studied. However, for the world-famous rare and protected species giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), only the transcriptome of the blood and spleen has been reported separately. Here, in order to explore the transcriptome differences between the different tissues of the giant panda, transcriptome profiles of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney from five captive giant pandas were constructed with Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. The comparative analysis of the intertissue gene expression patterns was carried out based on the generated RNA sequencing datasets. Analyses of Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were performed according to the identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We generated 194.52 GB clean base data from twenty-five sequencing libraries and identified 18,701 genes, including 3492 novel genes. With corrected p value <0.05 and |log2FoldChange| >2, we finally obtained 921, 553, 574, 457, and 638 tissue-specific DEGs in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney, respectively. In addition, we identified TTN, CAV3, LDB3, TRDN, and ACTN2 in the heart; FGA, AHSG, and SERPINC1 in the liver; CD19, CD79B, and IL21R in the spleen; NKX2-4 and SFTPB in the lung; GC and HRG in the kidney as hub genes in the PPI network. The results of the analyses showed a similar gene expression pattern between the spleen and lung. This study provided for the first time the heart, liver, lung, and kidney's transcriptome resources of the giant panda, and it provided a valuable resource for further genetic research or other potential research.

| S-EPMC7436357 | biostudies-literature

Giant panda picorna-like virus

Project description:Giant panda picorna-like virus Genome sequencing

| PRJNA612982 | ENA

Escherichia coli strain:DC71 from giant panda | isolate:DC71 from giant panda

Project description:Escherichia coli strain:DC71 from giant panda | isolate:DC71 from giant panda Genome sequencing

| PRJNA859998 | ENA

Characterization of the β-defensin genes in giant panda.

Project description:β-Defensins are small antimicrobial proteins expressed in various organisms and have great potential for improving animal health and selective breeding programs. Giant pandas have a distinctive lineage in Carnivora, and it is unclear whether β-defensin genes have experienced different selective pressures during giant panda evolution. We therefore characterized the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) β-defensin gene family through gap filling, TBLASTN, and HMM searches. Among 36 β-defensins identified, gastrointestinal disease may induce the expression of the DEFB1 and DEFB139 genes in the digestive system. Moreover, for DEFB139, a significant positive selection different from that of its homologs was revealed through branch model comparisons. A Pro-to-Arg mutation in the giant panda DEFB139 mature peptide may have enhanced the peptide's antimicrobial potency by increasing its stability, isoelectric point, surface charge and surface hydrophobicity, and by stabilizing its second β-sheet. Broth microdilution tests showed that the increase in net charge caused by the Pro-to-Arg mutation has enhanced the peptide's potency against Staphylococcus aureus, although the increase was minor. We expect that additional gene function and expression studies of the giant panda DEFB139 gene could improve the existing conservation strategies for the giant panda.

| S-EPMC6098084 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data