Dataset Information

Mitochondrial Calcium uniporters are essential for meiotic progression in mouse oocytes by controlling Ca²⁺ entry.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

The alteration of bioenergetics by oocytes in response to the demands of various biological processes plays a critical role in maintaining normal cellular physiology. However, little is known about the association between energy sensing and energy production with energy-dependent cellular processes like meiosis.

Materials and methods

We demonstrated that cell cycle-dependent mitochondrial Ca²⁺ connects energy sensing to mitochondrial activity in meiosis progression within mouse oocytes. Further, we established a model in mouse oocytes using siRNA knockdowns that target mitochondrial calcium uniporters (MCUs) in order to inhibit mitochondrial Ca²⁺ concentrations.

Results

Decreased numbers of oocytes successfully progressed to the germinal vesicle stage and extruded the first polar body during in vitro culture after inhibition, while spindle checkpoint-dependent meiosis was also delayed. Mitochondrial Ca²⁺ levels changed, and this was followed by altered mitochondrial masses and ATP levels within oocytes during the entirety of meiosis progression. Abnormal mitochondrial Ca²⁺ concentrations in oocytes then hindered meiotic progress and activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signalling that is associated with gene expression.

Conclusions

These data provide new insight into the protective role that MCU-dependent mitochondrial Ca²⁺ signalling plays in meiotic progress, in addition to demonstrating a new mechanism of mitochondrial energy regulation by AMPK signalling that influences meiotic maturation.

SUBMITTER: Zhang LY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8560604 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Overweight or obese women seeking pregnancy is becoming increasingly common. Human maternal obesity gives rise to detrimental effects during reproduction. Emerging evidence has shown that these abnormities are likely attributed to oocyte quality. Oxidative stress induces poor oocyte conditions, but whether mitochondrial calcium homeostasis plays a key role in oocyte status remains unresolved. Here, we established a mitochondrial Ca2+ overload model in mouse oocytes. Knockdown gatekeepers of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporters Micu1 and Micu2 as well as the mitochondrial sodium calcium exchanger NCLX in oocytes both increased oocytes mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration. The overload of mitochondria Ca2+ in oocytes impaired mitochondrial function, leaded to oxidative stress, and changed protein kinase A (PKA) signaling associated gene expression as well as delayed meiotic resumption. Using this model, we aimed to determine the mechanism of delayed meiosis caused by mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, and whether oocyte-specific inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ influx could improve the reproductive abnormalities seen within obesity. Germinal vesicle breakdown stage (GVBD) and extrusion of first polar body (PB1) are two indicators of meiosis maturation. As expected, the percentage of oocytes that successfully progress to the germinal vesicle breakdown stage and extrude the first polar body during in vitro culture was increased significantly, and the expression of PKA signaling genes and mitochondrial function recovered after appropriate mitochondrial Ca2+ regulation. Additionally, some indicators of mitochondrial performance-such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential-recovered to normal. These results suggest that the regulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake in mouse oocytes has a significant role during oocyte maturation as well as PKA signaling and that proper mitochondrial Ca2+ reductions in obese oocytes can recover mitochondrial performance and improve obesity-associated oocyte quality.