Dynamic Microbial Shifts and Signatures of Long-Term Remission in Allergic Rhinitis After an Herbal Formula Treatment
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SUBMITTER: Zhu L
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8569905 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may contribute towards disease remission in ulcerative colitis (UC), but it is unknown which factors determine long-term effect of treatment. Here, we aimed to identify bacterial signatures associated with sustained remission. To this end, samples from healthy donors and UC patients-grouped into responders and non-responders at a primary end point (week 12) and further stratified by sustained clinical remission and relapse assessed at ⩾1-year follow-up were analysed, comparing the efficacy of FMT from either a healthy donor or autologous faeces. Microbiota composition was determined with a 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic microarray on faecal and mucosal samples, and functional profiles were predicted using PICRUSt with quantitative PCR verification of the butyrate production capacity; short-chain fatty acids were measured in faecal samples. At baseline, UC patients showed reduced amounts of bacterial groups from the Clostridium cluster XIVa, and significantly higher levels of Bacteroidetes as compared with donors. These differences were reduced after FMT mostly in responders. Sustained remission was associated with known butyrate producers and overall increased butyrate production capacity, while relapse was associated with Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Ruminococcus gnavus was found at high levels in donors of failed FMT. A microbial ecosystem rich in Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria and low in Clostridium clusters IV and XIVa observed in UC patients after FMT was predictive of poor sustained response, unless modified with a donor microbiota rich in specific members from the Clostridium clusters IV and XIVa. Additionally, sustained response was associated with restoration of the butyrate production capacity.
| S-EPMC5520032 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Materials and methodsPatients with a primary diagnosis of AR (ICD-9-CM code: 477.9) in 2010 were included, and the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan was used as the data source. Association rule mining and social network analysis were used to establish and explore the CHM network. Possible molecular pathways of the CHM network were summarized and compared with commonly used western medicine (WM) by conducting overrepresentation analysis in the Reactome pathway database. The potential proteins acted by CHMs were obtained from the CHM ingredient-protein databases, including STITCH, TCMSP, TCMID, and TCM@Taiwan.ResultsThere were 89,148 AR subjects found in 2010, and a total of 33,507 patients ever used CHM. On an average, 5.6 types of CHMs were utilized per prescription. Xin-Yi-Qing-Fei-Tang was used most frequently (25.5% of 222,279 prescriptions), while Xiao-Qing-Long-Tang with Xin-Yi-San was the most commonly prescribed CHM-CHM combination. Up to six distinctive clusters could be found among the CHM network, and core CHMs could be found for AR, such as Xiao-Qing-Long-Tang and Xin-Yi-Qing-Fei-Tang. A total of 140 molecular pathways were covered by the CHM network (2,432 ingredients from 31 kinds of CHMs), while 39 WMs covered 55 pathways. Among pathways responding to the immune system, WM mainly acted on cytokine signaling-related pathways, while CHM mostly acted on neutrophil/macrophage-related innate pathways and dendritic cell-related adaptive immunity pathways.ConclusionOur study demonstrated and analyzed the CHM network for AR. Core CHM for AR and possible molecular pathways were presented as well, and this information is crucial for researchers to select candidates for CHM-related studies.
| S-EPMC7665915 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionAlthough recent studies have shown that the human microbiome is involved in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, the impact of microbiota on allergic rhinitis (AR) and non-allergic rhinitis (nAR) has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in the composition of the nasal flora in patients with AR and nAR and their role in the pathogenesis.MethodFrom February to September 2022, 35 AR patients and 35 nAR patients admitted to Harbin Medical University's Second Affiliated Hospital, as well as 20 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination during the same period, were subjected to 16SrDNA and metagenomic sequencing of nasal flora.ResultsThe microbiota composition of the three groups of study subjects differs significantly. The relative abundance of Vibrio vulnificus and Acinetobacter baumanni in the nasal cavity of AR patients was significantly higher when compared to nAR patients, while the relative abundance of Lactobacillus murinus, Lactobacillus iners, Proteobacteria, Pseudomonadales, and Escherichia coli was lower. In addition, Lactobacillus murinus and Lacttobacillus kunkeei were also negatively correlated with IgE, while Lacttobacillus kunkeei was positively correlated with age. The relative distribution of Faecalibacterium was higher in moderate than in severe AR patients. According to KEGG functional enrichment annotation, ICMT(protein-S-isoprenylcysteine O-methyltransferase,ICMT) is an AR microbiota-specific enzyme that plays a role, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism are more active in AR microbiota. For AR, the model containing Parabacteroides goldstemii, Sutterella-SP-6FBBBBH3, Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea, Lachnospiraceae bacterium-615, and Bacteroides coprocola had the highest the area under the curve (AUC), which was 0.9733(95%CI:0.926-1.000) in the constructed random forest prediction model. The largest AUC for nAR is 0.984(95%CI:0.949-1.000) for the model containing Pseudomonas-SP-LTJR-52, Lachnospiraceae bacterium-615, Prevotella corporis, Anaerococcus vaginalis, and Roseburia inulinivorans.ConclusionIn conclusion, patients with AR and nAR had significantly different microbiota profiles compared to healthy controls. The results suggest that the nasal microbiota may play a key role in the pathogenesis and symptoms of AR and nAR, providing us with new ideas for the treatment of AR and nAR.
| S-EPMC10166850 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAllergic rhinitis is regarded as an imbalanced Th1/Th2 cell-mediated response. The present study used microarray analysis to compare gene expression levels between allergic rhinitis patients before and after a series of acupoint herbal plaster applications.MethodsIn this experimental pilot study, volunteers experiencing sneezing, runny nose, and congestion for more than 9 months in the year following initial diagnoses were included after diagnostic confirmation by otolaryngologists to exclude patients with sinusitis and nasal polyps. Patients with persistent allergic rhinitis each received four acupoint herbal plaster treatments applied using the moxibustion technique. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Rhinitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ). Peripheral blood samples were analyzed using an ImmunoCAP Phadiatop test, and patients were classified as phadiatop (Ph)-positive or -negative. Microarray results were analyzed for genes that were differentially expressed between (1) Ph-positive and -negative patients treated with herbal plaster; and (2) before and after herbal plaster treatment in the Ph-positive patient group. Unsupervised and supervised methods were used for gene-expression data analysis.ResultsNineteen Ph-positive and four Ph-negative participants with persistent allergic rhinitis were included in the study. RQLQ results indicated that the 19 Ph-positive volunteers experienced improvement in six of seven categories following acupoint herbal plaster treatments, whereas the four Ph-negative participants reported improvement in only two categories. Hierarchical clustering and principle component analysis of the gene expression profiles of Ph-positive and -negative participants indicated the groups exhibited distinct physiological responses to acupoint herbal treatment. Evaluation of gene networks using MetaCore identified that the "Immune response_IL-13 signaling via JAK-STAT" and the "Inflammation_Interferon signaling" were down- and up-regulated, respectively, among Ph-positive subjects.ConclusionsIn this preliminary study, we find that the IL-13 immune response via JAK-STAT signaling and interferon inflammation signaling were down- and upregulated, respectively, in the Ph-positive group. Further studies are required to verify these pathways in Ph-positive patients, and to determine the mechanism of such pathway dysregulation.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02486159 . Registered 30 Jun 2015.
| S-EPMC5097372 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBojungikki-tang, a herbal medicine for strengthening the digestive system, has been widely used in East Asian countries since the Yuan Dynasty in China. Moreover, Bojungikki-tang has reportedly exhibited anti-allergy effects in many clinical trials. This systematic review will assess the effectiveness and safety of Bojungikki-tang for allergic rhinitis (AR).Methods and analysisEleven databases, including Asian databases, will be searched for studies conducted through October 2017. We will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing Bojungikki-tang for AR. The risk of bias will be evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, and confidence in the cumulative evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) instrument.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will also be disseminated electronically and in print. The review will be updated to inform and guide health care practices.RegistrationThe protocol for this systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO) under number CRD42017068993.
| S-EPMC5779745 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe etiology of allergic rhinitis (AR) is complicated. Traditional therapy of AR still has challenges, such as low long-term treatment compliance, unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes, and a high financial burden. It is urgent to investigate the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis from different perspectives and explore brand-new possible preventative or treatment initiatives.ObjectiveThe aim is to apply a multi-group technique and correlation analysis to explore more about the pathogenesis of AR from the perspectives of gut microbiota, fecal metabolites, and serum metabolism.MethodsThirty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the AR and Con(control) groups. A standardized Ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AR mouse model was established by intraperitoneal OVA injection followed by nasal excitation. We detected the serum IL-4, IL-5, and IgE by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), evaluated the histological characteristics of the nasal tissues by the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and observed the nasal symptoms (rubs and sneezes) to evaluate the reliability of the AR mouse model. The colonic NF-κB protein was detected by Western Blot, and the colonic histological characteristics were observed by the H&E staining to evaluate inflammation of colon tissue. We analyzed the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene from the feces (colon contents) through 16S rDNA sequencing technology. Untargeted metabolomics was used to examine fecal and serum samples to find differential metabolites. Finally, through comparison and correlation analysis of differential gut microbiota, fecal metabolites, and serum metabolites, we further explore the overall impact of AR on gut microbiota, fecal metabolites, and host serum metabolism and its correlation.ResultsIn the AR group, the IL-4, IL-5, IgE, eosinophil infiltration, and the times of rubs and sneezes were significantly higher than those in the Con group, indicating the successful establishment of the AR model. No differences in diversity were detected between the AR and Con groups. However, there were modifications in the microbiota's structure. At the phylum level, the proportion of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in the AR group increased significantly, while the proportion of Bacteroides decreased significantly, and the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides was higher. The key differential genera, such as Ruminococcus, were increased significantly in the AR group, while the other key differential genera, such as Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Prevotella, were significantly decreased in the Con group. Untargeted metabolomics analysis identified 28 upregulated and 4 downregulated differential metabolites in feces and 11 upregulated and 16 downregulated differential metabolites in serum under AR conditions. Interestingly, one of the significant difference metabolites, α-Linoleic acid (ALA), decreased consistently in feces and serum of AR. KEGG functional enrichment analysis and correlation analysis showed a close relationship between differential serum metabolites and fecal metabolites, and changes in fecal and serum metabolic patterns are associated with altered gut microbiota in AR. The NF-κB protein and inflammatory infiltration of the colon increased considerably in the AR group.ConclusionOur study reveals that AR alters fecal and serum metabolomic signatures and gut microbiota characteristics, and there is a striking correlation between the three. The correlation analysis of the microbiome and metabolome provides a deeper understanding of AR's pathogenesis, which may provide a theoretical basis for AR's potential prevention and treatment strategies.
| S-EPMC10167002 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC4324099 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objective:To identify whether irrigation devices become contaminated when used by patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods:Ten AR patients with no clinical or endoscopic evidence of active sinonasal infection were given a sinus rinse system and instructed on its proper use, cleaning, and storage. Two squeeze bottles (bottle A and bottle B) were given to each patient for twice-a-day rinsing. Bottle A was used in the morning and analyzed after four weeks. Bottle B was used in the evening and analyzed after 8 weeks of use. Microbial contaminants were cultured from the nose pieces and the inner surface of the bottles obtained from patients. Results:Seventeen sinus rinse devices (17/20) from all individuals in this study grew bacteria commonly in the nozzles. Twenty-four bacterial isolates consisting of 14 different species were cultured and identified with most common organisms being bacilli and staphylococcus. In addition, no correlation was apparent between the length of bottle use and the degree of contamination (r = 0.13, p = 0.76). During the study period, no patient developed acute sinus infections. Conclusion:Microbial contamination of the sinus rinse system occurs commonly, even in uninfected AR patients; however no evidence exists linking this to clinically relevant sinus infections. Trial Registration:clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01030146.
| S-EPMC6364664 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Several studies suggest the involvement of dietary habits and gut microbiome in allergic diseases. However, little is known about the nutritional and gut microbial factors associated with the risk of allergic rhinitis (AR). We recruited 186 participants with symptoms of AR and 106 control subjects without symptoms of AR at the Hitachi Health Care Center, Japan. The habitual consumption of 42 selected nutrients were examined using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Faecal samples were collected and subjected to amplicon sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene hypervariable regions. Association analysis revealed that four nutrients (retinol, vitamin A, cryptoxanthin, and copper) were negatively associated with AR. Among 40 genera examined, relative abundance of Prevotella and Escherichia were associated with AR. Furthermore, significant statistical interactions were observed between retinol and Prevotella. The age- and sex-adjusted odds of AR were 25-fold lower in subjects with high retinol intake and high Prevotella abundance compared to subjects with low retinol intake and low Prevotella abundance. Our data provide insights into complex interplay between dietary nutrients, gut microbiome, and the development of AR.
| S-EPMC8888718 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6513421 | biostudies-literature