Dataset Information

Urban-rural disparity of the short-term association of PM_2.5 with mortality and its attributable burden.

ABSTRACT: Although studies have investigated the associations between PM_2.5 and mortality risk, evidence from rural areas is scarce. We aimed to compare the PM_2.5-mortality associations between urban cities and rural areas in China. Daily mortality and air pollution data were collected from 215 locations during 2014-2017 in China. A two-stage approach was employed to estimate the location-specific and combined cumulative associations between short-term exposure to PM_2.5 (lag 0-3 days) and mortality risks. The excess risks (ER) of all-cause, respiratory disease (RESP), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cerebrovascular disease (CED) mortality for each 10 μg/m³ increment in PM_2.5 across all locations were 0.54% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38%, 0.70%), 0.51% (0.10%, 0.93%), 0.74% (0.50%, 0.97%), and 0.52% (0.20%, 0.83%), respectively. Slightly stronger associations for CVD (0.80% versus 0.60%) and CED (0.61% versus 0.26%) mortality were observed in urban cities than in rural areas, and slightly greater associations for RESP mortality (0.51% versus 0.43%) were found in rural areas than in urban cities. A mean of 2.11% (attributable fraction [AF], 95% CI: 1.48%, 2.76%) of all-cause mortality was attributable to PM_2.5 exposure in China, with a larger AF in urban cities (2.89% [2.12%, 3.67%]) than in rural areas (0.61% [-0.60%, 1.84%]). Disparities in PM_2.5-mortality associations between urban cities and rural areas were also found in some subgroups classified by sex and age. This study provided robust evidence on the associations of PM_2.5 with mortality risks in China and demonstrated urban-rural disparities of PM_2.5-mortality associations for various causes of death.

SUBMITTER: Liu T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8577160 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Urban-rural disparity of the short-term association of PM2.5 with mortality and its attributable burden.

Liu Tao T Meng Haorong H Yu Min M Xiao Yize Y Huang Biao B Lin Lifeng L Zhang Haoming H Hu Ruying R Hou Zhulin Z Xu Yanjun Y Yuan Letao L Qin Mingfang M Zhao Qinglong Q Xu Xiaojun X Gong Weiwei W Hu Jianxiong J Xiao Jianpeng J Chen Siqi S Zeng Weilin W Li Xing X He Guanhao G Rong Zuhua Z Huang Cunrui C Du Yaodong Y Ma Wenjun W

Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) 20210930 4

Although studies have investigated the associations between PM2.5 and mortality risk, evidence from rural areas is scarce. We aimed to compare the PM2.5-mortality associations between urban cities and rural areas in China. Daily mortality and air pollution data were collected from 215 locations during 2014-2017 in China. A two-stage approach was employed to estimate the location-specific and combined cumulative associations between short-term exposure to PM2.5 (l ...[more]

PMID: 34778857

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Project description:ObjectivePM2.5, which is a major contributor to air pollution, has large effects on lung cancer mortality. We want to analyse the long-term trends in lung cancer burden attributable to PM2.5 exposure and provide evidence that can be used for preventive measures and health resource planning.MethodsMortality data related to lung cancer were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 project. A joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess the magnitude and direction of the trends in mortality from 1990 to 2019, and the age-period-cohort method was used to analyse the temporal trends in the mortality rate of lung cancer attributable to PM2.5 exposure by age, period, and cohort.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) attributable to PM2.5 exposure trended slowly upwards, and the ASMR due to ambient PM2.5 exposure (APE) increased significantly, that due to household PM2.5 exposure (HPE) decreased. The longitudinal age curves show that the mortality rates due to PM2.5 exposure among younger individuals were low, and they significantly increased from their levels among those in the 45-49 age group to their levels among those in the over-85 age group. From 1990 to 2019, the period RRs due to APE increased, but those due to HPE decreased. Similar trends were observed in the cohort RRs. The overall net drift per year attributable to PM2.5 exposure was below 0. The local drift values increased with age and were above 0 for the over-80 age groups. The overall net drifts per year were above zero for APE and below zero for HPE. The corresponding results among males were higher than those among females.ConclusionsIn China, the type of air pollution responsible for lung cancer has changed from household air pollution to ambient air pollution. PM2.5 exposure is more harmful among males and older people. Ambient air pollution should be emphasized, and China should strengthen its implementation of effective public policies and other interventions.

Dataset Information

Urban-rural disparity of the short-term association of PM_2.5 with mortality and its attributable burden.

Publications

Urban-rural disparity of the short-term association of PM<sub>2.5</sub> with mortality and its attributable burden.

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