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The Force Required to Detach a Rotating Particle from a Liquid-Fluid Interface.

ABSTRACT: The force required to detach a particle from a liquid-fluid interface is a direct measure of the capillary adhesion between the particle and the interface. Analytical expressions for the detachment force are available but are limited to nonrotating particles. In this work, we derive analytical expressions for the force required to detach a rotating spherical particle from a liquid-fluid interface. Our theory predicts that the rotation reduces the detachment force when there is a finite contact angle hysteresis between the particle and the liquid. For example, the force required to detach a particle with an advancing contact angle of 120° and a receding contact angle of 80° (e.g., polydimethylsiloxane particle at a water-air interface) is expected to be 25% lower when the particle rotates while it is detached.

SUBMITTER: Naga A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8582251 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Force Required to Detach a Rotating Particle from a Liquid-Fluid Interface.

Naga Abhinav A Butt Hans-Jürgen HJ Vollmer Doris D

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids 20211028 44

The force required to detach a particle from a liquid-fluid interface is a direct measure of the capillary adhesion between the particle and the interface. Analytical expressions for the detachment force are available but are limited to nonrotating particles. In this work, we derive analytical expressions for the force required to detach a rotating spherical particle from a liquid-fluid interface. Our theory predicts that the rotation reduces the detachment force when there is a finite contact a ...[more]

PMID: 34710321

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Project description:In preparing space and microgravity experiments, the utilization of ground-based facilities is common for initial experiments and feasibility studies. One approach to simulating microgravity conditions on Earth is to employ a random positioning machine (RPM) as a rotary bioreactor. Combined with a suitable low-mass model system, such as cell cultures, these devices simulating microgravity have been shown to produce results similar to those obtained in a space experiment under real microgravity conditions. One of these effects observed under real and simulated microgravity is the formation of spheroids from 2D adherent cancer cell cultures. Since real microgravity cannot be generated in a laboratory on Earth, we aimed to determine which forces lead to the detachment of individual FTC-133 thyroid cancer cells and the formation of tumor spheroids during culture with exposure to random positioning modes. To this end, we subdivided the RPM motion into different static and dynamic orientations of cell culture flasks. We focused on the molecular activation of the mechanosignaling pathways previously associated with spheroid formation in microgravity. Our results suggest that RPM-induced spheroid formation is a two-step process. First, the cells need to be detached, induced by the cell culture flask's rotation and the subsequent fluid flow, as well as the presence of air bubbles. Once the cells are detached and in suspension, random positioning prevents sedimentation, allowing 3D aggregates to form. In a comparative shear stress experiment using defined fluid flow paradigms, transcriptional responses were triggered comparable to exposure of FTC-133 cells to the RPM. In summary, the RPM serves as a simulator of microgravity by randomizing the impact of Earth's gravity vector especially for suspension (i.e., detached) cells. Simultaneously, it simulates physiological shear forces on the adherent cell layer. The RPM thus offers a unique combination of environmental conditions for in vitro cancer research.

Dataset Information

The Force Required to Detach a Rotating Particle from a Liquid-Fluid Interface.

Publications

The Force Required to Detach a Rotating Particle from a Liquid-Fluid Interface.

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