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Isotemporal Substitution Analysis of Accelerometer-Derived Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity on Cardiometabolic Health in Korean Adults: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

ABSTRACT: Reducing sedentary behavior and increasing physical activity may be important for maintaining good cardiometabolic health. However, many studies have focused on the independent effect of sedentary behavior and physical activity, but it is unclear whether replacing time spent in sedentary behavior with physical activity is beneficial for cardiometabolic health. Therefore, this population-based cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the effect of behavioral transformations between sedentary behavior and level of physical activity on cardiometabolic health in Korean adults using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2014-2017. The study participants included 2197 adults from the KNHANES. In the partition model, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was significantly associated with adverse cardiometabolic health, adjusted for potential confounding factors. The odds ratio for adverse cardiometabolic health significantly decreased with the replacement of sedentary behavior and light intensity activity with MVPA in the isotemporal substitution model (p < 0.05). In the models stratified by sex, we observed significant associations between handgrip strength and cardiometabolic health in women (p < 0.001), but not in men. Thus, our findings suggest that replacing sedentary behavior with MVPA may contribute to improved cardiometabolic health.

SUBMITTER: Ma J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8583396 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Increasing prevalence of sedentary behavior (SB) combined with low levels of physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents has become a growing public health concern. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the daily behavioral pattern of adolescents and examine the isotemporal substitution effects of SB with light-intensity PA (LIPA) or moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) on cardiometabolic markers. In this cross-sectional study, the daily behavioral pattern of Brazilian male adolescents was objectively measured for 7 days. Vector magnitude activity counts were used to estimate SB, LIPA, and MVPA with cut-points specifically validated for youth. The isotemporal substitution model was used to assess the effects of replacing different SB bouts (5, 10, 30, and 60 min) with LIPA or MVPA on cardiometabolic markers [body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage (BF%), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-S), beta cell function (HOMA2-β), systolic-blood pressure (SBP), diastolic-blood pressure, and cardiometabolic risk score]. Male adolescents (n = 84; age, 16.7 ± 0.9 years) wore the GT3X+ for 6.7 ± 0.6 days, during 15.2 ± 2.3 h, and spent 72.9% of the time in SB, 17.3% in LIPA, and 9.8% in MVPA. SB replacement with LIPA was associated with increased HDL-C, TG, HOMA2-IR, and HOMA2-S and decreased SBP. In contrast, SB replacement with MVPA was associated with decreased BF%. Therefore, our findings suggest that replacing SB with LIPA showed positive results on HDL-C, HOMA2-S and SBP, while replacing SB with MVPA was associated with only one obesity indicator (BF%). Moreover, participants met the daily MVPA recommendations, but they still had a daily behavioral pattern with high SB. In this context, LIPAs can be considered an effective alternative to reduce SB and improve the health indicators of this population.

Project description:BackgroundThe associations between free-living physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) and sarcopenia in older people and its determinants are controversial. Self-reporting, the use of one-size-fits-all cut-points for intensity categorization when using accelerometers and the absence of a clear sarcopenia definition hampered explorations. The aim of this study is to describe the associations between objectively measured PA patterns and sarcopenia and its determinants.MethodsSubjects aged >65 with valid accelerometry and sarcopenia-related measures from Toledo Study of Healthy Aging (TSHA) were included. Muscle mass (MM) was estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Handgrip strength (HS) was measured by dynamometry. Physical performance assessment relied on gait speed (GS). Sarcopenia presence was ascertained using Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) criteria. PA and SB were estimated by ActiTrainer worn for 1 week and classified into time spent in SB and different PA intensity bands [light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA)] using age-specific cut-points. Different multivariate linear and logistic regression models [(i) single-parameter, (ii) partition, and (iii) isotemporal substitution models] were used for estimating associations between PA, SB, and sarcopenia determinants and sarcopenia rates, respectively. All models adjusted for age, sex, co-morbidities (Charlson index), and functional ability (Katz and Lawton indexes).ResultsFive hundred twelve subjects from the TSHA had available data (78.08 ± 5.71 years of age; 54.3% women). FNIH sarcopenia assessment was performed in 497 subjects (23.3% were sarcopenic). In the linear regression, the single-parameter model showed an association between MVPA and all sarcopenia determinants. In the partition model, MVPA was associated with greater MM and GS. The isotemporal substitution showed that reallocating 1 h/day of MVPA displacing SB was associated with greater values in MM [β = 0.014; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.004, 0.024; P < 0.01], GS (β = 0.082; 95% CI = 0.054, 0.110; P < 0.001), and HS (β = 0.888; 95% CI = 0.145, 1.631; P < 0.05). In the logistic regression, the single-parameter model yielded a significant association between 1 h/day increase in MVPA and sarcopenia reduction [odds ratio (OR) = 0.522; 95% CI = 0.367, 0.726; P < 0.001], as did the partition model (OR = 0.555; 95% CI = 0.376, 0.799; P < 0.01). The reallocation of 1 h/day SB only yielded a significant lower sarcopenia risk by almost 50% when it was substituted with MVPA, whereas the substitution of 15 min/day yielded a significant lower sarcopenia risk by 15% (P < 0.001) but did not show any association when it was substituted with LPA.ConclusionsAn increase in MVPA replacing SB and LPA was associated with a reduction in sarcopenia prevalence and better performance across its determinants (MM, GS, and HS). LPA did not show any significant effect.

Project description:BackgroundPhysical activity was believed to be associated with reduced aging among adults, while the competing nature of the physical activity and sedentary behavior has mainly been neglected in studies. We aimed to estimate the association of sleeping, sedentary behavior, and physical activity with aging among adults, considering the competing nature between variables of activity status.MethodsA total of 5288 participants who were 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were involved. The questionnaire was used to collect data regarding sociodemographics (age, sex, ethnicity/race, and education), and lifestyle behaviors (smoking, drinking). The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to measure self-reported time for sedentary behavior, walking/bicycling, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The sleeping duration was obtained via interview. Phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) was calculated as an aging index using nine chemistry biomarkers. Isotemporal substitution models using multivariable linear regression to examine the associations of sleeping, sedentary behavior, and physical activity with PhenoAgeAccel, stratified by MVPA (< 150 min/week, ≥ 150 min/week).ResultsThirty minutes per day spent on sedentary behavior was positively associated with PhenoAgeAccel (β = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.11), and 30 min/day spent on leisure-time MVPA was adversely associated with PhenoAgeAccel (β = - 0.55, 95% CI: - 0.73, - 0.38). Replacing 30 min/day sedentary behaviors with 30 min/day of MVPA (β = -3.98, 95% CI: -6.22, -1.74) or 30 min/day of walking/bicycling (β = -0.89, 95% CI: -1.10, -0.68) was adversely associated with PhenoAgeAccel. Substituting 30 min/day of walking/bicycling for 30 min/day of leisure-time MVPA was positively associated with PhenoAgeAccel (β = 3.09, 95% CI: 0.93, 5.25).ConclusionSedentary behavior was positively associated with aging. Replacing sedentary behaviors with walking/bicycling or MVPA was adversely associated with aging among adults.

Project description:ObjectiveTo examine the associations of sedentary time and physical activity with biomarkers of cardiometabolic health, including the potential collective impact of shifting mean time use from less- to more-active behaviours (cross-sectionally, using isotemporal substitution), in adults with type 2 diabetes.MethodsParticipants with overweight/obese body mass index (BMI; ≥25 kg/m2) (n = 279; 158 men, mean [SD] age = 58.2 [8.6] years) wore Actigraph GT1M accelerometers (waking hours; seven days) to assess moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity activity, and sedentary time (segregated into non-prolonged [accumulated in bouts <30min] and prolonged [accumulated in bouts ≥30 min]). Cross-sectional associations with waist circumference, BMI, fasting blood (HbA1c, glucose, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and blood pressure of these activity variables (30 min/day increments) were examined adjusted for confounders and wear then, if significant, examined using isotemporal substitution modelling.ResultsWaist circumference and BMI were significantly (p<0.05) associated with more prolonged sedentary time and less light-intensity activity. Light intensity activity was also significantly associated with lower fasting plasma glucose (relative rate: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.00; p<0.05). No biomarker was significantly associated with non-prolonged sedentary time or MVPA. Lower mean prolonged sedentary time (-30 min/day) with higher mean light intensity time (+30 min/day) was significantly associated with lower waist circumference (β = -0.77, 95% CI: -1.33, -0.22 cm). Lower mean prolonged sedentary time (-30 min/day) with either 30 min/day higher mean non-prolonged sedentary time (β = -0.35, 95%CI: -0.70, -0.01 kg/m2) or light-intensity time (β = -0.36, -0.61, -0.11 kg/m2) was associated with significantly lower average BMI.ConclusionsSignificantly improved mean levels of waist circumference and BMI were observed when shifting time from prolonged sedentary to non-prolonged sedentary or light-intensity activity (cross-sectionally). Lifestyle interventions in overweight/obese adults with type 2 diabetes might consider targeting shifts in these non-MVPA activities to more rigorously evaluate their potential cardiometabolic benefit in this population.

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Isotemporal Substitution Analysis of Accelerometer-Derived Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity on Cardiometabolic Health in Korean Adults: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

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